基于DSP 2812铝合金材料表面处理电源的研究
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摘要
铝合金阳极氧化电源是一种用于铝合金电镀的特殊大功率整流电源,在工艺上它对电源的输出波形具有特殊的要求。同时电镀的被控对象是一个非线性、时变的复杂被控对象,且运行工况的变化对大功率电源系统的动态特性和参数都有较大的影响,这样对电源控制系统的设计就提出了很高要求。
本文根据铝合金阳极氧化电源的工艺要求和电镀对象的特性,提出了以TMS320F2812为核心控制芯片的阳极化电源的硬件设计及软件实现方法,并且给出了系统整体的硬件原理图及软件流程图。根据硬件电路设计,具体实现了键盘与显示、模拟量采样、同步采集、移相触发和电流PID控制算法等功能。在硬件和软件上采用了多种的抗干扰措施,系统还加入了自诊断功能,可以及时发现系统中的故障,根据故障程度采取校正、切换、报警等技术措施,减少了系统非正常运行的概率,提高系统的稳定性。
为了提高系统的控制性能提高系统的鲁棒性,本文对整个电源系统进行了分析建模,并根据其特性研究了结构简单,具有自学习、自适应能力且易于计算的单神经元PID控制法。结合被控对象特点进行分析和改进,形成了合适于阳极化应用的智能型单神经元PID控制器,并对其进行了方针分析。
实验结果表明:本系统整体设计合理,硬件结构简单可靠,性价比高,具有很好的推广应用前景。
Power anodized aluminum alloy is a special high-power rectifier for aluminum alloy electroplating, which has special requirement for its power output waveform in the process. Electroplating object is a complicated nonlinear, time-varying object, and run-time work status change have a greater influence for hight power supply system. On the dynamic characteristics and parameters, which place high demands on this power control system design.
In this paper, based on the anodized aluminum power technological requirements and electroplating object characteristic, hardware design and software realization of. the anodized aluminum power with TMS320F2812 as core control chip have been offered, and the whole system hardware schematics and software flow chart are given too. Keyboard, LCD, analog sampling, synchronized signal sampling, Phase-shifted trigger, current PID control algorithm and so on have been realized according to the hardware circuit design. Many kinds of antijamming measure have been used on the hardware and the software, self-diagnosis function has also been added to this system. Fault in the system can be found quickly, adjustment, switching, recombination, alarm and so on have been adopted respectively. System errors have been reduced, and system stability has been improved.
In order to improve the control performance and enhance the robustness of the system. In this paper, analysis and modelling are carried on the entire power system, single neuron PID . algorithm which has simple structure, self-learning ability, self-adaptive ability and easy to calculate, has been improved according to its characteristic. Intelligent single neuron PID controller suitable for anodizing application is formed; simulation and analysis have been carried on it.
The experimental results show that the whole system is designed reasonable, hardware structure is simple and reliable, the performance-to-price ratio is high, and has very good promoted application prospect.
本文根据铝合金阳极氧化电源的工艺要求和电镀对象的特性,提出了以TMS320F2812为核心控制芯片的阳极化电源的硬件设计及软件实现方法,并且给出了系统整体的硬件原理图及软件流程图。根据硬件电路设计,具体实现了键盘与显示、模拟量采样、同步采集、移相触发和电流PID控制算法等功能。在硬件和软件上采用了多种的抗干扰措施,系统还加入了自诊断功能,可以及时发现系统中的故障,根据故障程度采取校正、切换、报警等技术措施,减少了系统非正常运行的概率,提高系统的稳定性。
为了提高系统的控制性能提高系统的鲁棒性,本文对整个电源系统进行了分析建模,并根据其特性研究了结构简单,具有自学习、自适应能力且易于计算的单神经元PID控制法。结合被控对象特点进行分析和改进,形成了合适于阳极化应用的智能型单神经元PID控制器,并对其进行了方针分析。
实验结果表明:本系统整体设计合理,硬件结构简单可靠,性价比高,具有很好的推广应用前景。
Power anodized aluminum alloy is a special high-power rectifier for aluminum alloy electroplating, which has special requirement for its power output waveform in the process. Electroplating object is a complicated nonlinear, time-varying object, and run-time work status change have a greater influence for hight power supply system. On the dynamic characteristics and parameters, which place high demands on this power control system design.
In this paper, based on the anodized aluminum power technological requirements and electroplating object characteristic, hardware design and software realization of. the anodized aluminum power with TMS320F2812 as core control chip have been offered, and the whole system hardware schematics and software flow chart are given too. Keyboard, LCD, analog sampling, synchronized signal sampling, Phase-shifted trigger, current PID control algorithm and so on have been realized according to the hardware circuit design. Many kinds of antijamming measure have been used on the hardware and the software, self-diagnosis function has also been added to this system. Fault in the system can be found quickly, adjustment, switching, recombination, alarm and so on have been adopted respectively. System errors have been reduced, and system stability has been improved.
In order to improve the control performance and enhance the robustness of the system. In this paper, analysis and modelling are carried on the entire power system, single neuron PID . algorithm which has simple structure, self-learning ability, self-adaptive ability and easy to calculate, has been improved according to its characteristic. Intelligent single neuron PID controller suitable for anodizing application is formed; simulation and analysis have been carried on it.
The experimental results show that the whole system is designed reasonable, hardware structure is simple and reliable, the performance-to-price ratio is high, and has very good promoted application prospect.
引文
[1]ISO 10074(1999),Hard anodic coating on aluminum alloys for engineering[S].
[2]MIL - A - 8625F,1988 Anodic coatings for aluminum and aluminum alloys[S].
[3]Aerospace material specification AMS 2469D - 1%5,Hard Coating treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloys[S].
[4]British Defence Standard 03 - 26,Hard anodizing of aluminium and aluminium alloys[S].
[5]British Standard 5599 - 1993,Hard anodizing of aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering[S].
[6]朱祖芳.脉冲技术在铝合金硬质阳极氧化中的应用.电镀与涂饰[J],2002.12,第21卷第六期:22-26
[7]涂益川,寥学军,黄明祥.恒定电流密度下铝合金的硬质阳极氧化.电镀与涂饰[J],2000.4,第19卷第2期:13-15
[8]杜贵平,姜立新.电镀电源的现状及展望.现代表面技术研究与应用[J],2005.4:68-70
[9]雷宇,刘曼.筒状铜铝合金零件的硬质阳极氧化工艺.江西科学[J],2005.12,第23卷第6期:754-755
[10]罗一帆,许旋,陈学文,周爱群,罗丽卿.铝合金硫酸阳极氧化工艺[J].2004.2(1):33-35
[11]王平,魏晓伟.阳极氧化中烧损行为及防止.西华大学学报.自然科学版[J].2006.07,第25卷第4期:41-43
[12]韩国东.高硅高铜铝合金硬质阳极氧化技术.表面技术[J].1999.第28卷第5期:31-33
[13]安家菊,魏晓伟.大电流下铝合金快速硬质阳极氧化工艺的研究.电镀与涂饰[J].2005.06:29-31
[14]刘佑厚,井玉兰,胡若莹.不同电源波形的铝合金硬质阳极氧化.电镀与精饰[J].2001.03,第23卷第2期:16-19
[15]张宏祥,庞宁,贺一新.铝合金脉冲硬质阳极氧化的研究.电镀与精饰[J].1986.2:3-6
[16]赫荣晖.阳极氧化铝膜的制备及影响因素研究:[硕士学位论文][M].大连:大连理工大学
[17]张雄伟,曹铁勇.DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版):电子工业出版社,书号7505361279,2000.9:306
[18]曾伊琳.电磁干扰对励磁系统的影响分析与防护[J].湖北电力[J].2004,28(5):32-34.
[19]庆武.提高同步发电机励磁系统可靠性的改进措施[J].大电机技术[J].2003.1:49-53.
[20]张卫宁(译).TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(上).北京:清华大学出版社,2005年1月第一版
[21]李泽勇.闭环霍尔电流传感器在车用电源系统中的应用.电子技术应用[J].2005,06
[22]TMS320X280XDSP模数转换器(ADC)参考指南.文献编号:ZHCU004,2005.06
[23]传友,孙晓斌.感测技术基础[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001:200-220
[24]焦长春.同步电动机全数字化励磁控制系统.电器控制[J].2006.05:29-32
[25]张永生.电力半导体电路原理.机械工业出版社,1984.11
[26]黄俊.半导体变流技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992:78-90
[27]王义芳,黄进,杨家强.新型三相半空桥晶闸管触发电路的设计.电源技术应用[J].2006.12:43-46
[28]北京精电蓬远显示技术有限公司.SED1335控制器图形液晶显示模块使用手册.2001.05
[29]程海林,刘百芬.ARM微控制器LPC210X的LCD接口技术.单片机及嵌入式系统应用
[30]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG7289应用
[31]Texas Instruments.TPS767D301,TPS767D318,TPS767D325,Dual Output Low-Dropout Voltages Regulators.2002
[32]苏奎峰,吕强等.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:100-150
[33]魏婧.单神经元自适应PID控制在大功率整流电源中的应用.电气传动自动化[J].2005.05:9-11
[34]杨汾艳,徐政,张静.直流输电比例-积分控制器的参数优化.电网技术[J].2006.11:15-20
[35]胡寿松.自动控制原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1994
[36]陈伯时.自动控制系统(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[37]韩曾晋.自适应控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[38]徐峰,李东海,姜学智.适应型PID控制器参数整定性能比较.自动化与仪器仪表[J].2002.06:36-38
[39]薛定宇.反馈控制系统设计与分析-MATLAB语言应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[40]W.K.Ho,C.C.Hang,L.S.Cao.Tuming of PID Controllers Based on Gain and Phase Margin Specification.Autmatica[J].1995,31(3):497-502
[41]杜贵平.高频开关电镀电源及其关键问题探讨.电气应用[J].2005年,第24卷第9期.1-4
[42]David M.Alter Using PWM Output as a Digital-to-Analog Converter on a TMS320C240 DSP APPLICATION REPORT:SPRA490.Technical Staff - DSP Applications.November 1998:5-21
[43]李业德,赵光远,张景元.基于单片机的数控直流电流源设计.微计算机信息[J].2006.10:250-252
[44]Li Baoren,Du Jingmin,Zhan Qianxian,ZhuYuquan.RESEARCH OF VACUUM SERVO SYSTEM BASED ON THE SINGLE NEURAL ADAPTIVE PID CONTROL STRATEGY.Mechanical Science and Engineering School of HUST,430074,Wuhan,P,R,China
[45]侯勇严,郭文强.单神经元自适应PID控制器设计方法研究.微计算机信息[J].2005.05
[46]易以锋,方康玲,李威.单神经元自适应PID控制器的应用.自动化仪表[J].2007.03:46-48
[47]L.M.GRZESIAKI,J.SOBOLEWSK.Energy flow control system based on neural compensator in the feedback path for autonomous energy source.BULLETIN OF THE POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TECHNICAL SCIENCES.Vol.54,No.3,2006:335-340
[48]欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.国防工业出版社,2000
[49]吴晓燕,张双选.MATLAB在自动控制中的应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006
[50]王正林,王胜开,陈国顺.MATLAB/Simulink与控制系统仿真.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[51]乔梁.基于数字集成电路的晶闸管触发电路的探讨.信息技术[J].2001.4:32-34.
[52]Texas instruments.TMS320F28x Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)Peripheral Reference Guide[R].Texas instruments,2002:5-10
[2]MIL - A - 8625F,1988 Anodic coatings for aluminum and aluminum alloys[S].
[3]Aerospace material specification AMS 2469D - 1%5,Hard Coating treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloys[S].
[4]British Defence Standard 03 - 26,Hard anodizing of aluminium and aluminium alloys[S].
[5]British Standard 5599 - 1993,Hard anodizing of aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering[S].
[6]朱祖芳.脉冲技术在铝合金硬质阳极氧化中的应用.电镀与涂饰[J],2002.12,第21卷第六期:22-26
[7]涂益川,寥学军,黄明祥.恒定电流密度下铝合金的硬质阳极氧化.电镀与涂饰[J],2000.4,第19卷第2期:13-15
[8]杜贵平,姜立新.电镀电源的现状及展望.现代表面技术研究与应用[J],2005.4:68-70
[9]雷宇,刘曼.筒状铜铝合金零件的硬质阳极氧化工艺.江西科学[J],2005.12,第23卷第6期:754-755
[10]罗一帆,许旋,陈学文,周爱群,罗丽卿.铝合金硫酸阳极氧化工艺[J].2004.2(1):33-35
[11]王平,魏晓伟.阳极氧化中烧损行为及防止.西华大学学报.自然科学版[J].2006.07,第25卷第4期:41-43
[12]韩国东.高硅高铜铝合金硬质阳极氧化技术.表面技术[J].1999.第28卷第5期:31-33
[13]安家菊,魏晓伟.大电流下铝合金快速硬质阳极氧化工艺的研究.电镀与涂饰[J].2005.06:29-31
[14]刘佑厚,井玉兰,胡若莹.不同电源波形的铝合金硬质阳极氧化.电镀与精饰[J].2001.03,第23卷第2期:16-19
[15]张宏祥,庞宁,贺一新.铝合金脉冲硬质阳极氧化的研究.电镀与精饰[J].1986.2:3-6
[16]赫荣晖.阳极氧化铝膜的制备及影响因素研究:[硕士学位论文][M].大连:大连理工大学
[17]张雄伟,曹铁勇.DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版):电子工业出版社,书号7505361279,2000.9:306
[18]曾伊琳.电磁干扰对励磁系统的影响分析与防护[J].湖北电力[J].2004,28(5):32-34.
[19]庆武.提高同步发电机励磁系统可靠性的改进措施[J].大电机技术[J].2003.1:49-53.
[20]张卫宁(译).TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(上).北京:清华大学出版社,2005年1月第一版
[21]李泽勇.闭环霍尔电流传感器在车用电源系统中的应用.电子技术应用[J].2005,06
[22]TMS320X280XDSP模数转换器(ADC)参考指南.文献编号:ZHCU004,2005.06
[23]传友,孙晓斌.感测技术基础[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001:200-220
[24]焦长春.同步电动机全数字化励磁控制系统.电器控制[J].2006.05:29-32
[25]张永生.电力半导体电路原理.机械工业出版社,1984.11
[26]黄俊.半导体变流技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992:78-90
[27]王义芳,黄进,杨家强.新型三相半空桥晶闸管触发电路的设计.电源技术应用[J].2006.12:43-46
[28]北京精电蓬远显示技术有限公司.SED1335控制器图形液晶显示模块使用手册.2001.05
[29]程海林,刘百芬.ARM微控制器LPC210X的LCD接口技术.单片机及嵌入式系统应用
[30]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG7289应用
[31]Texas Instruments.TPS767D301,TPS767D318,TPS767D325,Dual Output Low-Dropout Voltages Regulators.2002
[32]苏奎峰,吕强等.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:100-150
[33]魏婧.单神经元自适应PID控制在大功率整流电源中的应用.电气传动自动化[J].2005.05:9-11
[34]杨汾艳,徐政,张静.直流输电比例-积分控制器的参数优化.电网技术[J].2006.11:15-20
[35]胡寿松.自动控制原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1994
[36]陈伯时.自动控制系统(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[37]韩曾晋.自适应控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[38]徐峰,李东海,姜学智.适应型PID控制器参数整定性能比较.自动化与仪器仪表[J].2002.06:36-38
[39]薛定宇.反馈控制系统设计与分析-MATLAB语言应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[40]W.K.Ho,C.C.Hang,L.S.Cao.Tuming of PID Controllers Based on Gain and Phase Margin Specification.Autmatica[J].1995,31(3):497-502
[41]杜贵平.高频开关电镀电源及其关键问题探讨.电气应用[J].2005年,第24卷第9期.1-4
[42]David M.Alter Using PWM Output as a Digital-to-Analog Converter on a TMS320C240 DSP APPLICATION REPORT:SPRA490.Technical Staff - DSP Applications.November 1998:5-21
[43]李业德,赵光远,张景元.基于单片机的数控直流电流源设计.微计算机信息[J].2006.10:250-252
[44]Li Baoren,Du Jingmin,Zhan Qianxian,ZhuYuquan.RESEARCH OF VACUUM SERVO SYSTEM BASED ON THE SINGLE NEURAL ADAPTIVE PID CONTROL STRATEGY.Mechanical Science and Engineering School of HUST,430074,Wuhan,P,R,China
[45]侯勇严,郭文强.单神经元自适应PID控制器设计方法研究.微计算机信息[J].2005.05
[46]易以锋,方康玲,李威.单神经元自适应PID控制器的应用.自动化仪表[J].2007.03:46-48
[47]L.M.GRZESIAKI,J.SOBOLEWSK.Energy flow control system based on neural compensator in the feedback path for autonomous energy source.BULLETIN OF THE POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TECHNICAL SCIENCES.Vol.54,No.3,2006:335-340
[48]欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.国防工业出版社,2000
[49]吴晓燕,张双选.MATLAB在自动控制中的应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006
[50]王正林,王胜开,陈国顺.MATLAB/Simulink与控制系统仿真.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[51]乔梁.基于数字集成电路的晶闸管触发电路的探讨.信息技术[J].2001.4:32-34.
[52]Texas instruments.TMS320F28x Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)Peripheral Reference Guide[R].Texas instruments,2002:5-10