飞机270V高压直流供电系统结构及仿真技术研究
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摘要
270V高压直流因为其效率高,可靠性高,重量轻等诸多优点成为未来战机电气系统供电体制的首选方案。如何在270V高压直流供电体制下实现固态配电和负载自动管理,故障隔离及系统重构等技术,实现飞机供电系统的综合控制和管理,是本文的研究课题。
本文首先研究了270V高压直流的电源系统结构,阐述了其工作原理和转换机制,提出了一种容错性好,冗余度高的供电网络结构。并采用LabVIEW软件编写了该结构的演示软件。通过演示结果,验证了先进飞机供电网络的供电逻辑关系的正确性。
然后采用故障树分析法对该供电网络进行了分析。通过定性分析,找出了该网络的薄弱环节,提出了改进设想,通过定量分析,得出了系统基本可靠性和任务可靠性的值,为可靠性设计提出了参考。
最后搭建了一个半物理的仿真平台,对270V高压直流固态配电系统进行模拟,设计了平台的硬件包括模拟供电网络,电气系统处理机模拟器,供电系统管理机模拟器,通过通讯总线将两台电气负载管理中心成品连接起来。并用LabVIEW开发了电气系统处理机模拟器和供电系统管理机模拟器的应用软件。对整个实验平台进行了调试和验证,实验结果表明,该平台实现了固态配电的功能和要求。
270V high voltage direct current (HVDC) has many advantages, such as high efficiency, high reliability, and then becomes the preferred scheme for future fighter. This paper mainly researches how to implement solid-state power control and load automatic management based on 270V HVDC power supply system, the techniques of fault isolation and system reconfiguration are also studied, and realizing the combination control and management of aircraft power supply system is the research objective of this paper.
The power system structure of 270V HVDC is first discussed, then the operation principles and conversion mechanisms are introduced. At last an electrical supply network structure in the nature of high fault freedom and high redundancy is presented. The demonstration software of this structure is written based on LABVIEW. The demonstration results verify the electrical supply logical relation of power supply system in advanced aircraft.
The electrical supply network is analyzed by using fault tree analysis. The weaknesses are found out by qualitative analysis, and then the improving assumptions are presented. The values of system reliability and task reliability are computed, and the references are provided for design.
A semi-physical simulation platform is constructed, and the solid-state power control system of 270V HVDC is simulated. The hardware platform include electrical supply network, electrical system processor (PSP), power supply system controller, electric load management center (ELMC), communication bus is designed. The application software of PSP and power supply system controller is developed by using LABVIEW, and the experimental platform is debugged and verified. The experimental results indicate that this platform realizes the function and requirement of solid-state power control.
本文首先研究了270V高压直流的电源系统结构,阐述了其工作原理和转换机制,提出了一种容错性好,冗余度高的供电网络结构。并采用LabVIEW软件编写了该结构的演示软件。通过演示结果,验证了先进飞机供电网络的供电逻辑关系的正确性。
然后采用故障树分析法对该供电网络进行了分析。通过定性分析,找出了该网络的薄弱环节,提出了改进设想,通过定量分析,得出了系统基本可靠性和任务可靠性的值,为可靠性设计提出了参考。
最后搭建了一个半物理的仿真平台,对270V高压直流固态配电系统进行模拟,设计了平台的硬件包括模拟供电网络,电气系统处理机模拟器,供电系统管理机模拟器,通过通讯总线将两台电气负载管理中心成品连接起来。并用LabVIEW开发了电气系统处理机模拟器和供电系统管理机模拟器的应用软件。对整个实验平台进行了调试和验证,实验结果表明,该平台实现了固态配电的功能和要求。
270V high voltage direct current (HVDC) has many advantages, such as high efficiency, high reliability, and then becomes the preferred scheme for future fighter. This paper mainly researches how to implement solid-state power control and load automatic management based on 270V HVDC power supply system, the techniques of fault isolation and system reconfiguration are also studied, and realizing the combination control and management of aircraft power supply system is the research objective of this paper.
The power system structure of 270V HVDC is first discussed, then the operation principles and conversion mechanisms are introduced. At last an electrical supply network structure in the nature of high fault freedom and high redundancy is presented. The demonstration software of this structure is written based on LABVIEW. The demonstration results verify the electrical supply logical relation of power supply system in advanced aircraft.
The electrical supply network is analyzed by using fault tree analysis. The weaknesses are found out by qualitative analysis, and then the improving assumptions are presented. The values of system reliability and task reliability are computed, and the references are provided for design.
A semi-physical simulation platform is constructed, and the solid-state power control system of 270V HVDC is simulated. The hardware platform include electrical supply network, electrical system processor (PSP), power supply system controller, electric load management center (ELMC), communication bus is designed. The application software of PSP and power supply system controller is developed by using LABVIEW, and the experimental platform is debugged and verified. The experimental results indicate that this platform realizes the function and requirement of solid-state power control.
引文
[1]沈颂华.主编.航空航天器供电系统.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.5-15.
[2] Joseph A. Weimer.Electrical Power Technology for the More Electric Aircraft IEEE,Digital Avionics Systems Conference,1993,12th DASC,1993:445-450.
[3] Richard E, Quigley. More Electric Aircraft. Eighth Annual IEEE, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1993:906-911.
[4] A.Rosero,J.A.Ortega,E. Aldabas,&L.Romeral.Moving Towards a More Electric Aircraft. IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE,8 MARCH 2007.
[5] Elbuluk-Me,Kankam.Potencial Starter/Generator Technologyies for Future Aerospace Applications, IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Magazine,Vol.11,no.10 Octorber 1996,P30-35.
[6] C.R. Avery, S.G. Burrow, P.H. Mellor. Electrical Generation and Distribution for the More Electric Aircraft.UPEC:2007, England, 2007:1007-1012.
[7] Lester Faleiro.Beyond the more electrical aircraft,Aero space america,2005, 9.
[8]严仰光.民航飞机供电系统.北京:航空工业出版,1998.
[9]黄仙密.飞机DCBPCU及其可靠性技术研究,[硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2008.
[10] Mike Bailey,Neville Hale,Gian Ucerpi.Distributed Electric Power Management Architecture. Electrical Machines and Systems for the More Electric Aircraft,IEEE Colloquium on London, 1999:7/1-7/4.
[11] A.Imayakumar,K.Udayakumar,Devarpiran.Automotive Power Supply Distribution and Grounding Techniques Adopted for Fighting Vehicles. IEEE,Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility,99, 1999:7-10.
[12] Emadi K, Ehsani.M.Aircraft power systems,technology , state of the art , and future trends IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Magazine,Volume :15 Issue :1 , Jan 2000 Page(s) : 28-32.
[13] Worth.F.L , Forker.V.H , Cronin M J1 Advanced Electrical System (AES) Aerospace and Electronics Conference, 1Proceedings of the IEEE 1990 National , 21-25 May 1990 ,vol. 1 ,P400-403.
[14] J.D.segrest,D.L.Sommer.Computer Modeling of an Aircraft HVDC ElectricalSystem,IEEE,NAECON’1981,PP:1206-1215.
[15] Bonotto,Benedito.EMTP Modeling of Control and Power Electronic Devices.phD Degree Thesis of the University of British Columbia.2001.
[16] Don,Fair,Jone Dhyanchand,Ernest Parkerand Hamdy Bahanassy.Digital Simulation of Aircraft Electrical System.IEEE, NAECON’1981,PP1200-1205.
[17]齐蓉,林辉,周素莹.多电飞机电气系统关键技术研究.航空计算技术,2004,34(1):97-101.
[18] Research on the Control of Aircraft power system. AFWAL TR:8,2120.Vought&Anltv, 1981.
[19]郑先成,张晓斌,黄铁山.国外飞机电气技术的现状及对我国多电飞机技术发展的考虑.航空计算技术,2007年第9期.
[20]于敦、王守方等编著,国外飞机供电系统手册.中国航空信息中心,1997.
[21]刘建英,杨建忠.飞机电源系统.北京:兵器工业出版社,2004.
[22]王守方.浅谈飞机供电系统的供电转换.航空标准化与质量,2001年第5期.
[23] Patrick J. Vincent,Murali Tummala,John McEachen.A New Method for Distributing Power Usage across a Sensor Network.. IEEE,Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks,2006:518-526.
[24] P.J.Norman,S.J.Galloway,G.M.Burt,et.Transient Analysis of the More-Electric Engine Electrical Power Distribution Network.Power Electronics,Machines and Drives,4th IET Conference on,2008:681-685.
[25]《先进飞机电气系统控制与管理技术研究》.西北工业大学飞机电气技术研究所.
[26]张军平.多电飞机电气负载管理中心的研究. [硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学,2004.
[27]高朝晖.飞机电气系统的数字仿真.西北工业大学工学硕士学位论文.2002.
[28]梁家琳,周元钧,董世良.多电飞机电力系统集成仿真技术研究.电力电子.2006年第4期,11-14.
[29]杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[30]邓焱,王磊.LabVIEW 7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社2004.7.
[31]张增照,潘勇.电子产品可靠度预计.北京:科学出版社,2007.8.
[32]陆俭国,唐义良.电器可靠性理论及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1996.10.
[33] GJB-Z299B-98,电子设备可靠性预计手册.北京:总装备部军标出版发行部,1998.
[34]杨为民,阮镰,俞沼.可靠性、维修性、保障性总论,北京:国防工业出版社,1995.
[35]章国栋,陆廷孝,屠庆慈.系统可靠性与维修性的分析与设计,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1990:149-168.
[36]韩庆田,刘梦军.可靠性预计及其发展趋向,可靠性研究与应用,2001,(5):23-26.
[37]胡映.系统可靠性预计的方法.现代电子技术,2003,(1):13-15.
[38]曾声魁,赵廷弟,张建国.系统可靠性设计分析教程.北京航空航天大学出版,2009:120-133.
[39] Gedam S G, Beauder S T.Monte Carlo simulation using excelsp readsheet for p redicting reliability of comp lex system.2000 ProceedingsAnnual Reliability andMaintainability Symposium:188-193.
[40]徐维新,秦英孝.可靠性工程,北京:电子工业出版社,1988:154-169.
[41] Nystrom,Bengt,Austrin, Lars, Ankarback, Nils. Fault Tree Analysis of An Aircraft Electrical Power Supply Syetem to Electrical Actuators,9th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems KTH, Stockholm, Sweden– June,11-15.
[42] Airlines Electronics Engineering Committee,ARINC Specification 429,Aeronautic radion Inc,1994.
[43] HS3182 ARINC 429 Bus Interface Line Driver Circuit,March 1997.
[44]张建仓.ARINC429航空数据总线收/发板研制,硕士学位论文,西安交通大学,2000.
[45]蒋运生.基于HS3282的ARINC429航空通讯总线设计,通信元器件,2003.05.
[46]石贤良.飞行控制计算机系统余度管理技术研究,[硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学,2006.
[47] D.Izquierdo,A. Barrado,C.Raga.Protection devices for aircraft electrical power distribution systems:a survey. 34th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2008),2008:903~908.
[48]张宏鹏,陈明,谢拴勤.军用飞机电气系统控制与管理技术概述.计测技术.2006, 26(3):1-4.
[49]傅大丰,双发电通道飞机自动配电系统地面模拟系统的研制,[硕士学位论文],南京:南京航空航天大学,2002.
[50]谭浩强.C程序设计(第二版),北京:清华大学出版社.1999.
[2] Joseph A. Weimer.Electrical Power Technology for the More Electric Aircraft IEEE,Digital Avionics Systems Conference,1993,12th DASC,1993:445-450.
[3] Richard E, Quigley. More Electric Aircraft. Eighth Annual IEEE, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1993:906-911.
[4] A.Rosero,J.A.Ortega,E. Aldabas,&L.Romeral.Moving Towards a More Electric Aircraft. IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE,8 MARCH 2007.
[5] Elbuluk-Me,Kankam.Potencial Starter/Generator Technologyies for Future Aerospace Applications, IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Magazine,Vol.11,no.10 Octorber 1996,P30-35.
[6] C.R. Avery, S.G. Burrow, P.H. Mellor. Electrical Generation and Distribution for the More Electric Aircraft.UPEC:2007, England, 2007:1007-1012.
[7] Lester Faleiro.Beyond the more electrical aircraft,Aero space america,2005, 9.
[8]严仰光.民航飞机供电系统.北京:航空工业出版,1998.
[9]黄仙密.飞机DCBPCU及其可靠性技术研究,[硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2008.
[10] Mike Bailey,Neville Hale,Gian Ucerpi.Distributed Electric Power Management Architecture. Electrical Machines and Systems for the More Electric Aircraft,IEEE Colloquium on London, 1999:7/1-7/4.
[11] A.Imayakumar,K.Udayakumar,Devarpiran.Automotive Power Supply Distribution and Grounding Techniques Adopted for Fighting Vehicles. IEEE,Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility,99, 1999:7-10.
[12] Emadi K, Ehsani.M.Aircraft power systems,technology , state of the art , and future trends IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Magazine,Volume :15 Issue :1 , Jan 2000 Page(s) : 28-32.
[13] Worth.F.L , Forker.V.H , Cronin M J1 Advanced Electrical System (AES) Aerospace and Electronics Conference, 1Proceedings of the IEEE 1990 National , 21-25 May 1990 ,vol. 1 ,P400-403.
[14] J.D.segrest,D.L.Sommer.Computer Modeling of an Aircraft HVDC ElectricalSystem,IEEE,NAECON’1981,PP:1206-1215.
[15] Bonotto,Benedito.EMTP Modeling of Control and Power Electronic Devices.phD Degree Thesis of the University of British Columbia.2001.
[16] Don,Fair,Jone Dhyanchand,Ernest Parkerand Hamdy Bahanassy.Digital Simulation of Aircraft Electrical System.IEEE, NAECON’1981,PP1200-1205.
[17]齐蓉,林辉,周素莹.多电飞机电气系统关键技术研究.航空计算技术,2004,34(1):97-101.
[18] Research on the Control of Aircraft power system. AFWAL TR:8,2120.Vought&Anltv, 1981.
[19]郑先成,张晓斌,黄铁山.国外飞机电气技术的现状及对我国多电飞机技术发展的考虑.航空计算技术,2007年第9期.
[20]于敦、王守方等编著,国外飞机供电系统手册.中国航空信息中心,1997.
[21]刘建英,杨建忠.飞机电源系统.北京:兵器工业出版社,2004.
[22]王守方.浅谈飞机供电系统的供电转换.航空标准化与质量,2001年第5期.
[23] Patrick J. Vincent,Murali Tummala,John McEachen.A New Method for Distributing Power Usage across a Sensor Network.. IEEE,Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks,2006:518-526.
[24] P.J.Norman,S.J.Galloway,G.M.Burt,et.Transient Analysis of the More-Electric Engine Electrical Power Distribution Network.Power Electronics,Machines and Drives,4th IET Conference on,2008:681-685.
[25]《先进飞机电气系统控制与管理技术研究》.西北工业大学飞机电气技术研究所.
[26]张军平.多电飞机电气负载管理中心的研究. [硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学,2004.
[27]高朝晖.飞机电气系统的数字仿真.西北工业大学工学硕士学位论文.2002.
[28]梁家琳,周元钧,董世良.多电飞机电力系统集成仿真技术研究.电力电子.2006年第4期,11-14.
[29]杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[30]邓焱,王磊.LabVIEW 7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社2004.7.
[31]张增照,潘勇.电子产品可靠度预计.北京:科学出版社,2007.8.
[32]陆俭国,唐义良.电器可靠性理论及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1996.10.
[33] GJB-Z299B-98,电子设备可靠性预计手册.北京:总装备部军标出版发行部,1998.
[34]杨为民,阮镰,俞沼.可靠性、维修性、保障性总论,北京:国防工业出版社,1995.
[35]章国栋,陆廷孝,屠庆慈.系统可靠性与维修性的分析与设计,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1990:149-168.
[36]韩庆田,刘梦军.可靠性预计及其发展趋向,可靠性研究与应用,2001,(5):23-26.
[37]胡映.系统可靠性预计的方法.现代电子技术,2003,(1):13-15.
[38]曾声魁,赵廷弟,张建国.系统可靠性设计分析教程.北京航空航天大学出版,2009:120-133.
[39] Gedam S G, Beauder S T.Monte Carlo simulation using excelsp readsheet for p redicting reliability of comp lex system.2000 ProceedingsAnnual Reliability andMaintainability Symposium:188-193.
[40]徐维新,秦英孝.可靠性工程,北京:电子工业出版社,1988:154-169.
[41] Nystrom,Bengt,Austrin, Lars, Ankarback, Nils. Fault Tree Analysis of An Aircraft Electrical Power Supply Syetem to Electrical Actuators,9th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems KTH, Stockholm, Sweden– June,11-15.
[42] Airlines Electronics Engineering Committee,ARINC Specification 429,Aeronautic radion Inc,1994.
[43] HS3182 ARINC 429 Bus Interface Line Driver Circuit,March 1997.
[44]张建仓.ARINC429航空数据总线收/发板研制,硕士学位论文,西安交通大学,2000.
[45]蒋运生.基于HS3282的ARINC429航空通讯总线设计,通信元器件,2003.05.
[46]石贤良.飞行控制计算机系统余度管理技术研究,[硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学,2006.
[47] D.Izquierdo,A. Barrado,C.Raga.Protection devices for aircraft electrical power distribution systems:a survey. 34th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2008),2008:903~908.
[48]张宏鹏,陈明,谢拴勤.军用飞机电气系统控制与管理技术概述.计测技术.2006, 26(3):1-4.
[49]傅大丰,双发电通道飞机自动配电系统地面模拟系统的研制,[硕士学位论文],南京:南京航空航天大学,2002.
[50]谭浩强.C程序设计(第二版),北京:清华大学出版社.1999.