爆破荷载作用下岩质边坡动态响应的数值模拟研究
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摘要
爆破是水利枢纽工程基础、山区高速公路路堑开挖以及露天矿开采中常用的施工手段。在爆破开挖过程中,由于爆破动荷载诱发的边坡崩塌和滑移是工程中常见的灾害之一。探求爆破荷载作用下边坡的动态响应和安全阈值以及安全阈值同边坡特征、爆源参数(频率)等之间的对应关系,通过现场监测调整和优化爆破方案以确保边坡安全是工程界迫切需要解决的难题,对爆破荷载作用下边坡变形破坏的灾害预报和控制具有十分重要的意义。
本文利用离散单元法(UDEC)模拟了黄麦岭磷矿采场岩质边坡在爆破荷载作用下的动态响应,并与现场监测结果进行比较。分析结果表明,数值模拟结果与现场监测结果吻合得比较好。
同时,本文根据数值模拟结果,提出了从速度矢量和位移矢量的变化规律来定义边坡的极限平衡状态和破坏状态的方法。在此基础上提出了一种确定安全速度阈值的方法,并确定了爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿采场岩质边坡的安全速度阈值,分析了安全速度阈值同爆破荷载频率之间的关系。
此外,本文还利用UDEC模拟了爆破荷载作用下层状岩质边坡的渐进破坏的全过程,并得出了一些有意义的结论。
Drill and Blast is a commonly used method for excavation of foundation of huge hydraulic projects and highway roadbed and open pit. The landslide induced from explosion is one of common engineering disasters. For this case, studying dynamic response and threshold velocity of slope under explosion and relationship between threshold velocity and characters of slope as well as frequency of explosion, adjusting and optimizing explosion plan for the safety of slope by in-situ test, are difficult problems in engineering that needs being solved imminently. Also they are very important for disaster forecast and control of slope failure.
The dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailin Phosphorite under explosion is simulated by UDEC. The velocity, acceleration as well as the displacement in the slope surface under explosion are simulated and compared with the monitoring results. It is indicated that the simulated velocity in the slope surface agrees well with the monitoring results.
Based on UDEC modeling, the status of limited balance and failure of slope is defined by the changes of velocity vector and displacement vector. And a new method determining threshold velocity is proposed. The threshold velocity determining by this method agrees with that by empirical results. Also the relation of the threshold velocity and frequency of explosion is analyzed.
In addition, the progressive failure of layered rock slope under explosion is simulated by UDEC.
本文利用离散单元法(UDEC)模拟了黄麦岭磷矿采场岩质边坡在爆破荷载作用下的动态响应,并与现场监测结果进行比较。分析结果表明,数值模拟结果与现场监测结果吻合得比较好。
同时,本文根据数值模拟结果,提出了从速度矢量和位移矢量的变化规律来定义边坡的极限平衡状态和破坏状态的方法。在此基础上提出了一种确定安全速度阈值的方法,并确定了爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿采场岩质边坡的安全速度阈值,分析了安全速度阈值同爆破荷载频率之间的关系。
此外,本文还利用UDEC模拟了爆破荷载作用下层状岩质边坡的渐进破坏的全过程,并得出了一些有意义的结论。
Drill and Blast is a commonly used method for excavation of foundation of huge hydraulic projects and highway roadbed and open pit. The landslide induced from explosion is one of common engineering disasters. For this case, studying dynamic response and threshold velocity of slope under explosion and relationship between threshold velocity and characters of slope as well as frequency of explosion, adjusting and optimizing explosion plan for the safety of slope by in-situ test, are difficult problems in engineering that needs being solved imminently. Also they are very important for disaster forecast and control of slope failure.
The dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailin Phosphorite under explosion is simulated by UDEC. The velocity, acceleration as well as the displacement in the slope surface under explosion are simulated and compared with the monitoring results. It is indicated that the simulated velocity in the slope surface agrees well with the monitoring results.
Based on UDEC modeling, the status of limited balance and failure of slope is defined by the changes of velocity vector and displacement vector. And a new method determining threshold velocity is proposed. The threshold velocity determining by this method agrees with that by empirical results. Also the relation of the threshold velocity and frequency of explosion is analyzed.
In addition, the progressive failure of layered rock slope under explosion is simulated by UDEC.
引文
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