镁合金拼焊板冲压成形控制及应用研究
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摘要
镁合金是目前最轻的金属结构材料,具有密度低、比强度和比刚度高、电磁屏蔽性好等优点,具有很好的应用前景。
镁合金拼焊板成形克服了传统分离成形方法和整体成形方法的缺点,作为汽车轻量化重要技术之一,已在汽车制造领域得到广泛的关注。在此背景下,本文进行了镁合金拼焊板冲压成形控制及应用研究,具体包括以下几个方面。
(1)采用钨极交流氩弧焊方法制备了厚度为0.8mm的AZ31-AZ80镁合金拼焊板,并研究了焊后热处理工艺,当退火工艺为300℃×60min时,可得到晶粒组织细小且力学性能良好的镁合金拼焊板;
(2)利用有限元分析软件Msc.Marc对镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形工艺进行了数值模拟,分析了工艺参数对镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形的影响,以及不同工艺参数下焊缝移动距离的变化规律,优化了模具结构和成形工艺;
(3)根据所设计的镁合金拼焊板冲压件,研制了一套用于镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形实验研究的冲压模具,经实验研究证明,模具结构合理;
(4)通过镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形的实验研究,检验所制备的镁合金拼焊板的成形性能。实验结果与数值模拟结果基本相符合,所确定的最佳成形温度为300℃~350℃,冲压速度为0.1~0.2mm/s。
Magnesium alloys is the lightest metal structural material, with low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good electromagnetic shielding, etc. So it has a good prospect of application.
The forming of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank overcomes the shortcomings of the separation of forming or the whole forming. As one of key technologies of automobile lightweight, it was widely concerned in the automotive manufacturing field. In this context, this paper focussed on the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank forming control and applied research. Specifically include the following aspects.
(1)The AZ31-AZ80 magnesium alloy tailor-welded blanks with the thickness of 0.8mm were prepared by tungsten AC TIG welding.And the heat treatment process after welding was researched. When the annealing process is 300℃×60min, the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank which has good mechanical properties and welded joints fine grain size is got;
(2)The stamping forming process of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel was studied by using Msc.Marc finite element analysis software. Analysing the influence to magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel stamping caused by different parameters, and the law of weld migration under different parameters, They are useful to optimized the mold structure and forming process;
(3)According to the the stamping of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank, a set of stamping die for stamping experimental of automobile body parts of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank is developed. And the experimental studies shows that mold is reasonable;
(4)The forming properties of the prepared magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank was tested by the experimental study that the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel stamping. The experimental results were basically consistent with the numerical simulation. The best parameters were determined that the temperature form 300℃to 350℃and the punching speed from 0.1mm/s to 0.2mm/s.
镁合金拼焊板成形克服了传统分离成形方法和整体成形方法的缺点,作为汽车轻量化重要技术之一,已在汽车制造领域得到广泛的关注。在此背景下,本文进行了镁合金拼焊板冲压成形控制及应用研究,具体包括以下几个方面。
(1)采用钨极交流氩弧焊方法制备了厚度为0.8mm的AZ31-AZ80镁合金拼焊板,并研究了焊后热处理工艺,当退火工艺为300℃×60min时,可得到晶粒组织细小且力学性能良好的镁合金拼焊板;
(2)利用有限元分析软件Msc.Marc对镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形工艺进行了数值模拟,分析了工艺参数对镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形的影响,以及不同工艺参数下焊缝移动距离的变化规律,优化了模具结构和成形工艺;
(3)根据所设计的镁合金拼焊板冲压件,研制了一套用于镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形实验研究的冲压模具,经实验研究证明,模具结构合理;
(4)通过镁合金拼焊板汽车覆盖件冲压成形的实验研究,检验所制备的镁合金拼焊板的成形性能。实验结果与数值模拟结果基本相符合,所确定的最佳成形温度为300℃~350℃,冲压速度为0.1~0.2mm/s。
Magnesium alloys is the lightest metal structural material, with low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good electromagnetic shielding, etc. So it has a good prospect of application.
The forming of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank overcomes the shortcomings of the separation of forming or the whole forming. As one of key technologies of automobile lightweight, it was widely concerned in the automotive manufacturing field. In this context, this paper focussed on the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank forming control and applied research. Specifically include the following aspects.
(1)The AZ31-AZ80 magnesium alloy tailor-welded blanks with the thickness of 0.8mm were prepared by tungsten AC TIG welding.And the heat treatment process after welding was researched. When the annealing process is 300℃×60min, the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank which has good mechanical properties and welded joints fine grain size is got;
(2)The stamping forming process of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel was studied by using Msc.Marc finite element analysis software. Analysing the influence to magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel stamping caused by different parameters, and the law of weld migration under different parameters, They are useful to optimized the mold structure and forming process;
(3)According to the the stamping of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank, a set of stamping die for stamping experimental of automobile body parts of magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank is developed. And the experimental studies shows that mold is reasonable;
(4)The forming properties of the prepared magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank was tested by the experimental study that the magnesium alloy tailor-welded blank automotive panel stamping. The experimental results were basically consistent with the numerical simulation. The best parameters were determined that the temperature form 300℃to 350℃and the punching speed from 0.1mm/s to 0.2mm/s.
引文
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[2]刘满平.Mg-Al-Ca合金微观组织、力学性能和蠕变性能研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2004
[3]宋珂.镁合金在汽车轻量化中的应用发展[J].机械研究与应用,2007.20(1)
[4]杜文博,吴玉峰,左铁镛.镁合金在交通工具中的应用现状[J].世界有色金属,2006(2):19-21
[5]乐启炽,张新建,崔建忠.镁合金及其成形工艺与应用状况[J].材料导报,2002.16(12)
[6]黄艳,魏仕勇.镁合金应用及晶粒细化[J].科技信息,2008.35
[7]刘静安,盛春磊.镁及镁合金的应用及市场发展前景[J].有色金属加工,2007.36(2)
[8]钟皓,刘培英,周铁涛.镁及镁合金在航空航天中的应用及前景[J].航空工程与维修,2002
[9]张军生,吴迪,王江涛.国产警用38毫米转轮防暴发射器[J].轻兵器,2007
[10]黄艳,魏仕勇.镁合金应用及晶粒细化.科技信息,2008.35
[11]康鸿跃,陈善华,马永平,等.镁合金在军事装备中的应用[J].金属世界,2008(1)
[12]刘向阳.镁合金压铸技术及应用[J].金属世界,2005(2)
[13]张侃楞.镁合金及其成形技术[J].金属加工,2008.17
[14]高仑.镁合金成型技术的开发与应用[J].轻合金加工技术,2004(32):5-12
[15]王渠东,丁文江.镁合金及其成形技术的国内外动态与发展[J].材料科学,2004(6):39-46.
[16]孟若愚,张代东,原洪加,镁合金成型技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2008.37(7)
[17]轻金属材料加工手册编写组.轻金属材料加工手册(下册)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1979
[18] Hosokawa H,Chino Y,Shimojima K,et al.Mechanical propertie and blow forming of rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheet[J]. Material Transactions, 2003.44(4):484-489.
[19]孟若愚,张代东,原洪加.镁合金成型技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2008. 37(7)
[20] Doege E,Dr’der K.Sheet metal forming of magnesium wrought alloys formability and process technology[J].J Mater Proc Techn,2001.115(1):1
[21]王忠堂,张士宏,徐永超,等.镁合金板材冲压成形工艺及极限拉延比研究[J].沈阳工业学院学报,2004.23(4):1-3.
[22] Yoshihara S,Yamamoto H,Manable K,et al. Formability enhancement in magnesium alloy deep drawing by local heating and cooling technique[J].Mater Proc Techn,2003.143-144:612
[23]万玉刚,康永林,朱国明.AZ31镁合金薄板手机外壳温冲模具设计及成形性能研究[J].塑性工程学报,2009.16(1):47-53.
[24] Poss R.Sheet metal production of magnesium[J]. Mater Sci Forum, 2003. 419-422:327
[25]程永奇,陈振华,傅定发.镁合金拉深工艺的研究与进展[J].热加工工艺,2004.(11):52
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