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基于标准成本制度面向MES成本管理系统研究
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摘要
在开放的、全球经济一体化的信息时代,随着市场经济的不断发展,企业综合运用成本、质量、服务、速度等因素在市场中进行全方位的竞争,而成本又在企业竞争力中占据至关重要的地位。如何适应市场的要求,建立以成本为中心的管理体制,对于有效进行价格竞争,提高企业竞争力和经济效益都有重大的现实意义。与此同时,对与生产活动紧密相连的车间级的成本管理与控制越来越受到企业的重视。本论文以车间成本管理为研究课题,重点论述了面向MES车间成本管理理论与方法,主要研究内容有:
     1、介绍了成本及成本管理的理论以及成本管理的意义,阐述了标准成本法的特点和作用,分析MES在车间管理中的作用,作为成本管理系统研究的理论基础。
     2、通过分析上层管理系统对车间生产底层的成本控制不完善以及制造执行系统缺乏成本管理的现状,提出将成本管理加入到制造执行系统中,实现对车间底层成本的控制。
     3、详细分析基于标准成本法的车间成本核算流程,提出了基于标准成本制度面向NES成本管理系统的设计方案,在此基础上构建了成本管理系统总体模型。
     4、根据大连钢铁集团成本核算工作的现状和特点,通过分析企业对成本管理系统的功能需求以及业务核算流程,构建了企业成本控制模型,设计开发了车间成本管理系统。
     成本管理是各个管理系统的归口,本文在研究分析流程行业生产运作模式和成本核算流程特点的基础上,设计开发了基于标准成本制度面向MES车间成本管理系统,实现了成本管理和其他管理系统的集成,将企业生产过程中的物流、资金流和信息流相互集成,从而实现了对车间底层的成本控制,降低不必要的生产管理费用,提高了成本核算的速度,减少了统计工作的时间,达到了降低产品生产成本的目的。与此同时,对其他流程行业车间成本管理系统的开发也具有一定的参考价值。
With the development of market economy, under the conditions of market economy and the information period of opened, integrative economy in the whole world, enterprises competed though cost, quality, service and speed in the market. The cost is a key influence factor in enterprise competition abilities. Adapted to the market economy age, establishing the system focus on cost is very important to price competition, enhancing enterprise competition and economic benefit, In this thesis, the special emphasis has been put on the methods and theory of cost of Manufacture oriented to MES. The mainly content as follows:
    1. Introducing the theory and meaning of cost and cost management, expounding characteristic and function of standard cost, analyzing the function of MES in workshop management, which is the basic theory of cost management system.
    2. Through analyzing status that ERP system is lack of controlling cost in real time for workshop and MES don't contain cost management module, so cost management is added to the MES to enhance controlling cost of workshop.
    3. This thesis detailed analyzes the flow of workshop calculating cost based on standard cost, puts forward designing project of cost management system based on standard cost orient to MES, and establishes cost management model.
    4. Based on Dalian Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd cost calculating status and characters, through analyzing requirement of enterprise for cost management functions and calculating flow, this thesis constructs cost controlling model, designs and exploits workshop cost management system.
    Cost management is the end of all managements system, The thesis analyzes flow-enterprise production mode and character of cost accounting flow, designs and develops workshop cost management system bases on standard cost facing to MES, it realizes integration between cost management and other management system, and it realizes the integration between the cost managed system and other systems of management. The system integrates material-flow, capital-flow and information-flow, which realizes controlling workshop cost, reducing needless management cost; improving speed of accounting cost, reducing time in statistical works. At the same time, this system is significative to other flowing enterprise in cost management and system exploitation.
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