稳定灌浆新型浆液与复合掺合料水工混凝土
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摘要
水泥稳定性灌浆材料和掺合料水工混凝土都是以水泥为基材的硅酸盐类工程材料。水泥稳定性灌浆液是国际九十年代出现的强度值(Grouting Intensity Number简称GIN)灌浆法的技术核心。国内外稳定性浆液的配制通常采用膨润土作稳定剂，用膨润土配制出的稳定水泥浆，其结石强度低、干缩、耐久性差等缺点不利于灌浆质量的提高。，为了GIN灌浆法的推广应用和技术提高，切实保证高坝工程中的灌浆质量和可靠耐久性，迫切需要研制出一种高性能稳定性灌浆材料。
掺合料在大体积水工混凝土中占有重要地位。利用粉煤灰等工业废料生产混凝土不仅可节约大量水泥，减少投资，而且可以改善混凝土的某些性能，包括在大体积混凝土中防止水化热引起的结构开裂。
本课题针对GIN灌浆法研制了新型聚合物MAC稳定剂，该稳定剂较膨润土稳定剂配制的水泥浆具有诸多优点，可成为配制高性能稳定水泥浆液的重要技术措施。本课题还对锂盐渣-粉煤灰复合掺合料活性进行了深入系统的研究，该复合掺合料与外加剂共用，可配制大掺量复合掺合料高性能水工混凝土。
本文主要成果：
1．首次提出和研制了新型复合聚合物MAC水泥浆稳定剂。该稳定剂配制的水泥浆具有体积稳定性好、不析水、结石强度高、不干缩、施工方便等优点。如水灰比0.6、0.8时，标准养护条件下28d强度分别较膨润土水泥浆结石提高100％和80％以上，20℃水中养护28d强度则提高30％左右。该聚合物稳定剂的研制为提高灌浆品质和耐久可靠性开启了新途径。
2．复合高分子聚合物稳定剂研制中进行了大量的化学配比正交试验，对化
四J；【大学博士学位论文
学组分配比进行优化。采用ZNN－D6六速旋转流变仪对稳定水泥浆进行流变性
研究，研究表明该复合聚合物稳定剂水泥浆液符合宾汉田ingham）流变模型。
s．理论计算和灌浆模拟实验表明聚合物稳定剂水泥浆液可灌性好，在相同 一
的灌浆压力下，聚合物稳定剂水泥浆扩散半径明显大于膨润土稳定剂水泥浆。
4．首次采用理盐渣与粉煤灰研制出复合型高活性掺合料。对掺合料水泥浆。
结石及纯水泥浆结石等进行了微观分析研究，用SEM（扫描电镜）研究结石的微
观形貌，用XRD（衍射）分析结石的物相，用IMP（汞压）法测定结石的孔隙结
构，并对结石孔级配及分布进行了统计分析，用分形理论对混凝土细骨料颗粒
级配进行了研究探讨。
5．研究表明理盐渣与粉煤灰复合后活性要高于单掺粉煤灰，得出在该复合
掺合料中埋盐渣存在最佳掺量。大掺量复合掺合料混凝土强度试验中，该复合
掺合料活性对混凝土后期强度的提高很重要，尤其60d、28d强度增长较大，但
180d比 60d增长幅度较小。
The stable cement grouting material and the admixture concrete are cement-based silicate engineering materials. The stable grouting material the key technique of the GIN (Grouting Intensity Number) grouting method. The bentonite is used to dose stable grouting liquid for the standard grout. However,its cement
rock has disadvantages-low strength,drying shrinkage and low durability. To
apply the GIN grouting method in practice and improve the grouting quality and its durability,it is necessary to develop the high performance grouting material.
The admixture is of importance for hydraulic concrete. Utilization is of importance for hydraulic concrete. Utilization of the industrial scrap such as fly ash for concrete not only saves cement and invest,but also produces and improvement of concrete performance,including the cracking of mass concrete due to hydration heat.
In this work develop is a new type of macromolecule polymer stability agent MAC for the GIN grouting method. It has strength of cement rock,low drying shrinkage,good groutability and construction convenience over the bentonite stabilizing agent. Furthermore the systematical investigation on the pozzolanic activity of the compound admixture of lithium-salt residue and fly ash has been carried out. It can confect high performance concrete for hydraulic engineering. The main results in this paper are as following:
1. A new macromolecule (MAC) polymer-stabilizing agent has been presented and developed for first time. The grouting liquid with this stability agent
has many advantages such as the good volume stability,low dialysis ratio,high strength of cement rock less dry-shrink and convenient construction etc. When the water-cement ratio is 0.6 or 0.8,the 28d strength of cement-rock is 210% and 179% of the bentonite cement-rock under standard maintain. The 28d strength is about 134% and 129% that of the bentonite cement-rock under maintain in 20 water.
2. In the test of developing the macromolecule polymer-stabilizing agent,a lots of macromolecule polymer have used by different ratio. The optimization ratio of macromolecule polymer has been found by use of the intersect test. The rheology of polymer concrete grouting has been studied by use the ZNN-D6. The study shows the character of composite polymer stabilizing agent grout is accord with the Bingham model.
3. The theoretical calculation and simulating tests show that the grouting liquid with the stabilizing agent MAC has good groutability. It has higher spreading radius than that used bentonite as stabilizing agent under the same grouting pressure.
4. The high activity compound admixtures of lithium-slat residue and fly ash has been developed for the first time. SEM has been used to analyze the microcosmic morphology of cement-rock,XRD to its phase,and IMP to the porosity structure. The grading and distribution of the porosity has also been analyzed. The grading of concrete aggregates and porosity have been studied by fractal geometry theory.
5. the tests show that the activity of the compound admixtures of lithium-salt residue and fly ash is higher than that of fly ash and there is a optimum ratio between the lithium-salt residue and fly-ash. The activity of the compound admixtures is of importance for the later strength of concrete,especially for the 60d and 28d strength.
掺合料在大体积水工混凝土中占有重要地位。利用粉煤灰等工业废料生产混凝土不仅可节约大量水泥，减少投资，而且可以改善混凝土的某些性能，包括在大体积混凝土中防止水化热引起的结构开裂。
本课题针对GIN灌浆法研制了新型聚合物MAC稳定剂，该稳定剂较膨润土稳定剂配制的水泥浆具有诸多优点，可成为配制高性能稳定水泥浆液的重要技术措施。本课题还对锂盐渣-粉煤灰复合掺合料活性进行了深入系统的研究，该复合掺合料与外加剂共用，可配制大掺量复合掺合料高性能水工混凝土。
本文主要成果：
1．首次提出和研制了新型复合聚合物MAC水泥浆稳定剂。该稳定剂配制的水泥浆具有体积稳定性好、不析水、结石强度高、不干缩、施工方便等优点。如水灰比0.6、0.8时，标准养护条件下28d强度分别较膨润土水泥浆结石提高100％和80％以上，20℃水中养护28d强度则提高30％左右。该聚合物稳定剂的研制为提高灌浆品质和耐久可靠性开启了新途径。
2．复合高分子聚合物稳定剂研制中进行了大量的化学配比正交试验，对化
四J；【大学博士学位论文
学组分配比进行优化。采用ZNN－D6六速旋转流变仪对稳定水泥浆进行流变性
研究，研究表明该复合聚合物稳定剂水泥浆液符合宾汉田ingham）流变模型。
s．理论计算和灌浆模拟实验表明聚合物稳定剂水泥浆液可灌性好，在相同 一
的灌浆压力下，聚合物稳定剂水泥浆扩散半径明显大于膨润土稳定剂水泥浆。
4．首次采用理盐渣与粉煤灰研制出复合型高活性掺合料。对掺合料水泥浆。
结石及纯水泥浆结石等进行了微观分析研究，用SEM（扫描电镜）研究结石的微
观形貌，用XRD（衍射）分析结石的物相，用IMP（汞压）法测定结石的孔隙结
构，并对结石孔级配及分布进行了统计分析，用分形理论对混凝土细骨料颗粒
级配进行了研究探讨。
5．研究表明理盐渣与粉煤灰复合后活性要高于单掺粉煤灰，得出在该复合
掺合料中埋盐渣存在最佳掺量。大掺量复合掺合料混凝土强度试验中，该复合
掺合料活性对混凝土后期强度的提高很重要，尤其60d、28d强度增长较大，但
180d比 60d增长幅度较小。
The stable cement grouting material and the admixture concrete are cement-based silicate engineering materials. The stable grouting material the key technique of the GIN (Grouting Intensity Number) grouting method. The bentonite is used to dose stable grouting liquid for the standard grout. However,its cement
rock has disadvantages-low strength,drying shrinkage and low durability. To
apply the GIN grouting method in practice and improve the grouting quality and its durability,it is necessary to develop the high performance grouting material.
The admixture is of importance for hydraulic concrete. Utilization is of importance for hydraulic concrete. Utilization of the industrial scrap such as fly ash for concrete not only saves cement and invest,but also produces and improvement of concrete performance,including the cracking of mass concrete due to hydration heat.
In this work develop is a new type of macromolecule polymer stability agent MAC for the GIN grouting method. It has strength of cement rock,low drying shrinkage,good groutability and construction convenience over the bentonite stabilizing agent. Furthermore the systematical investigation on the pozzolanic activity of the compound admixture of lithium-salt residue and fly ash has been carried out. It can confect high performance concrete for hydraulic engineering. The main results in this paper are as following:
1. A new macromolecule (MAC) polymer-stabilizing agent has been presented and developed for first time. The grouting liquid with this stability agent
has many advantages such as the good volume stability,low dialysis ratio,high strength of cement rock less dry-shrink and convenient construction etc. When the water-cement ratio is 0.6 or 0.8,the 28d strength of cement-rock is 210% and 179% of the bentonite cement-rock under standard maintain. The 28d strength is about 134% and 129% that of the bentonite cement-rock under maintain in 20 water.
2. In the test of developing the macromolecule polymer-stabilizing agent,a lots of macromolecule polymer have used by different ratio. The optimization ratio of macromolecule polymer has been found by use of the intersect test. The rheology of polymer concrete grouting has been studied by use the ZNN-D6. The study shows the character of composite polymer stabilizing agent grout is accord with the Bingham model.
3. The theoretical calculation and simulating tests show that the grouting liquid with the stabilizing agent MAC has good groutability. It has higher spreading radius than that used bentonite as stabilizing agent under the same grouting pressure.
4. The high activity compound admixtures of lithium-slat residue and fly ash has been developed for the first time. SEM has been used to analyze the microcosmic morphology of cement-rock,XRD to its phase,and IMP to the porosity structure. The grading and distribution of the porosity has also been analyzed. The grading of concrete aggregates and porosity have been studied by fractal geometry theory.
5. the tests show that the activity of the compound admixtures of lithium-salt residue and fly ash is higher than that of fly ash and there is a optimum ratio between the lithium-salt residue and fly-ash. The activity of the compound admixtures is of importance for the later strength of concrete,especially for the 60d and 28d strength.
引文
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