赣南萤石矿成矿地质条件及成矿预测研究
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摘要
赣南地区位于东西向南岭构造带与北北东向武夷山构造带的复合部位,大地构造位于欧亚大陆板块与滨西太平洋板块消减带的内侧华夏板块中,是江西省乃至东南地区重要的萤石成矿区。但该区萤石矿的成矿规律及成矿预测研究工作还显得薄弱,成为制约本区矿产资源勘查工作的瓶颈。
本论文研究以现代成矿作用、成矿预测理论为指导,对赣南萤石矿成矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩及萤石成矿流体特征等与成矿有关的信息进行综合分析,结合野外实地调查,开展赣南地区萤石矿成矿规律及成矿预测工作,圈定预测远景区,为该区找矿工作的部署提供依据。
对赣南萤石成矿规律研究表明,萤石矿床多与燕山期造山运动有关,且又以燕山晚期的地质活动对成矿更为有利,矿床成矿时代主要属晚白垩世。萤石矿床围岩主要以震旦系和白垩系对矿床的控制最为明显。本区萤石矿床的形成与燕山期黑云母花岗岩(主要是燕山早期花岗岩)的存在息息相关,其主要原因是由于燕山期花岗岩,尤其是其中的黑云母是F的主要携带者。该区的萤石矿床,明显地受断裂构造控制,大部分含矿断裂为北东向或北北东向,按断裂性质,又以压扭性断裂有利于成矿。萤石矿成矿流体的来源为由地表水(大气降水),其后演化为地热水并从岩石中萃取成矿物质,形成成矿溶液,最后形成矿床,通过对矿物包裹体研究表明,温度变化于102~378℃之间,其中以130~190℃出现的频率最高,为萤石矿形成的主要温度。矿床为浅成中低温热液矿床。
通过对成矿控制条件和成矿规律的系统研究,确定主要控矿因素,并选用综合类别法和加权法两种数理统计方法,进行成矿预测,总体上划分为:三南成矿带、瑞会成矿带、兴国-宁都成矿带、崇义-上犹成矿带等。
Gannan area, located in the compound position of Nanling Structure Belt and the north north east going Mt. Wuyi Structure Belt, whose geotectonic lying on the Huaxia Plate– the inner part of the subduction zone between Eurasia Plate and marginal Pacific Tectonic Domain, is a major fluorite metallogenic area in Jiangxi Province as well as Southeast China. However, research on the metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prognosis of this area have been done inadequately by now and thus there exists a bottleneck which checks the exploration of the mineral resources in this area.
This article, guided by modern theories of mineralization and metallogenic prognosis, makes a comprehensive analysis on the information about the stratum, structure, magma rocks and characteristics of fluorite mineralization fluid of the Gannan fluorite metallogenic area. Combined with field investigation and the results of work on metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prognosis of the Gannan Fluorite ore, it delineates a prospect forecast area and provides guidance for the exploration work in this area.
Studies on the metallogenic regularity of Gannan fluorite ore show that fluorite deposit have a lot to do with Yanshanian orogenic movement, especially with the geological activities in Late Yanshanian. Most of the deposit ages belong to Late Cretaceous. The Sinian System and Cretaceous System had a clear dominating control over the surrounding rocks of the fluorite deposit. The reason that the formation of the fluorite deposit in Gannan area is closely related to the Biotite Granite (mainly Granite in early Yanshanian) is that Yanshanian Granite, Biotite Granite in particular, is the major carrier of F. Obviously controlled by Fault Structure, most of the ore-bearing Faults in this area run north east or north north east. Judged by the nature of Faults, Compression and Scissor Fault is more favourable for mineralization because of its stability. The fluorite mineralization liquid came from the surface water (atmospheric precipitation), which formed ore-forming solution by changing into geothermal water and extracting minerals from the rocks, and eventually formed the deposit. Research on the mineral inclusion shows that the temperature varies between 102°C and 378°C. Among them the degrees between 130 and 190 appear most frequently and are the most favourable temperatures for fluorite metallization. Therefore, the deposit is classified as epithermal hydrothermal deposit formed in medium-low temperature.
Through systematic research on the metallization controlling conditions and metallogenic regularity, this article focuses on the major ore-controlling factors and, with the mathematical statistics methods of integrated sorting and weighing, makes mineralization forecast on four major mineralization belts in Gannan area: the belt across three counties in southern Gannan, the Ruijin-Huichang belt, the Xinguo-Ningdu belt, and the Chongyi-Shangyu belt.
本论文研究以现代成矿作用、成矿预测理论为指导,对赣南萤石矿成矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩及萤石成矿流体特征等与成矿有关的信息进行综合分析,结合野外实地调查,开展赣南地区萤石矿成矿规律及成矿预测工作,圈定预测远景区,为该区找矿工作的部署提供依据。
对赣南萤石成矿规律研究表明,萤石矿床多与燕山期造山运动有关,且又以燕山晚期的地质活动对成矿更为有利,矿床成矿时代主要属晚白垩世。萤石矿床围岩主要以震旦系和白垩系对矿床的控制最为明显。本区萤石矿床的形成与燕山期黑云母花岗岩(主要是燕山早期花岗岩)的存在息息相关,其主要原因是由于燕山期花岗岩,尤其是其中的黑云母是F的主要携带者。该区的萤石矿床,明显地受断裂构造控制,大部分含矿断裂为北东向或北北东向,按断裂性质,又以压扭性断裂有利于成矿。萤石矿成矿流体的来源为由地表水(大气降水),其后演化为地热水并从岩石中萃取成矿物质,形成成矿溶液,最后形成矿床,通过对矿物包裹体研究表明,温度变化于102~378℃之间,其中以130~190℃出现的频率最高,为萤石矿形成的主要温度。矿床为浅成中低温热液矿床。
通过对成矿控制条件和成矿规律的系统研究,确定主要控矿因素,并选用综合类别法和加权法两种数理统计方法,进行成矿预测,总体上划分为:三南成矿带、瑞会成矿带、兴国-宁都成矿带、崇义-上犹成矿带等。
Gannan area, located in the compound position of Nanling Structure Belt and the north north east going Mt. Wuyi Structure Belt, whose geotectonic lying on the Huaxia Plate– the inner part of the subduction zone between Eurasia Plate and marginal Pacific Tectonic Domain, is a major fluorite metallogenic area in Jiangxi Province as well as Southeast China. However, research on the metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prognosis of this area have been done inadequately by now and thus there exists a bottleneck which checks the exploration of the mineral resources in this area.
This article, guided by modern theories of mineralization and metallogenic prognosis, makes a comprehensive analysis on the information about the stratum, structure, magma rocks and characteristics of fluorite mineralization fluid of the Gannan fluorite metallogenic area. Combined with field investigation and the results of work on metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prognosis of the Gannan Fluorite ore, it delineates a prospect forecast area and provides guidance for the exploration work in this area.
Studies on the metallogenic regularity of Gannan fluorite ore show that fluorite deposit have a lot to do with Yanshanian orogenic movement, especially with the geological activities in Late Yanshanian. Most of the deposit ages belong to Late Cretaceous. The Sinian System and Cretaceous System had a clear dominating control over the surrounding rocks of the fluorite deposit. The reason that the formation of the fluorite deposit in Gannan area is closely related to the Biotite Granite (mainly Granite in early Yanshanian) is that Yanshanian Granite, Biotite Granite in particular, is the major carrier of F. Obviously controlled by Fault Structure, most of the ore-bearing Faults in this area run north east or north north east. Judged by the nature of Faults, Compression and Scissor Fault is more favourable for mineralization because of its stability. The fluorite mineralization liquid came from the surface water (atmospheric precipitation), which formed ore-forming solution by changing into geothermal water and extracting minerals from the rocks, and eventually formed the deposit. Research on the mineral inclusion shows that the temperature varies between 102°C and 378°C. Among them the degrees between 130 and 190 appear most frequently and are the most favourable temperatures for fluorite metallization. Therefore, the deposit is classified as epithermal hydrothermal deposit formed in medium-low temperature.
Through systematic research on the metallization controlling conditions and metallogenic regularity, this article focuses on the major ore-controlling factors and, with the mathematical statistics methods of integrated sorting and weighing, makes mineralization forecast on four major mineralization belts in Gannan area: the belt across three counties in southern Gannan, the Ruijin-Huichang belt, the Xinguo-Ningdu belt, and the Chongyi-Shangyu belt.
引文
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