新疆沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世植物化石
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摘要
沙尔湖煤田位于吐哈盆地鄯善县东部，是我国特大型煤田之一。由于这一地区处于荒无人烟的戈壁滩，以往的地质调查主要是围绕着煤炭资源的勘探和开发展开的，有关地层古生物方面的研究程度较低。
本文首次对新疆东部沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世植物化石进行了系统报道和较详细的研究，取得的主要成果包括：
1.首次详细描述了新疆东部沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世18属29种植物大化石和34属48种孢粉化石，并对植物群的组成和性质做出分析和探讨。
2.首次建立了似木贼属的一个新种Equisetites shaerhuensis sp. nov（.沙尔湖似木贼），丰富了对沙尔湖植物群有节类的分异程度的认识。
3.新发现了国内较少发现的真蕨类化石Osmundopsis sturi（Raciborski）Harris（司图尔拟紫萁），较详细地研究了其细微构造，并提出该种可能是当前植物群部分Cladophlebis的生殖羽片。
4.综合诸多地质古生物特征，对沙尔湖地区中侏罗世古环境及古植物地理分区进行了分析和探讨，认为中侏罗世早期沙尔湖植物群可能生长在温暖潮湿并具季节性变化的暖温带的河湖地区。结合与俄罗斯贝加尔湖地区典型的西伯利亚型植物群、著名的哈萨克斯坦卡拉套、高加索以及英国约克郡等同期植物群的对比，认为沙尔湖植物群应属于西伯利亚植物地理区，且混生了一部分欧洲-中国区的植物分子。
总之，本研究首次对沙尔湖地区中侏罗世植物化石进行了报道和研究，填补了对沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世植物大化石研究的空白。本研究将在一定程度上推动新疆东部地区侏罗纪植物群与地层的研究，并为扩大沙尔湖煤田的远景勘探提供了新资料。
Shaerhu coal field, located in the eastern Shanshan of Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang,is one of the largest coal fields in China. Since this area is in a remont wilderness, theprevious work on this coal field was mainly on regional geological mapping andexploration of coal resources, while the study of paleontology and biostratigraphy wasrare.
This research is a systemic and detailed report on the plant fossils from MiddleJurassic in Shaerhu coal field, with the following main achivements.
1. Systemically reporting the Middle Jurassic plants from Shaerhu coal field for thefirst time, including 29 species of 18 genera of maga-plant fossils, and 48 species of 34genera of palynofossils in their composition. The floral characteristics and theirpaleophytogeography are discussed.
2. Equisetites shaerhuensis sp. nov., a new species of Equisetales is established forthe first time, which provides more information on the diversity of Equisetales in theShaerhu flora.
3. A well-preserved Osmundopsis sturi (Raciborski) Harris is discovered, which israre in the previous reports in China. The morphological characteristics and someanatomic structures are described, and the author suggests O. sturi having a possibleaffinity with the some of Cladophlebis of this flora.
4. Based on the geological and palaeontological data, the paleoenvironment andphytogeography of Shaerhu area in Middle Jurassic are analysed, which suggests that theShaerhu flora may grow in the fluvial-lacustrine area under warm temperate and humidclimate with seasonal changes. Compared with the floras from the typical Middle JurassicSiberian floras in Baical area of Russia, and the well-known floras from Karatau Range(Kazakhstan) and the Caucasus, even the Yorkshir of the UK, the Shaerhu flora isconsidered to attribute to the Siberian Floristic Region, with mixture of some plants from the Europe-China Floristic Region.
In sum, the study basically fills in the studying gap of the Middle Jurassicmega-plants in the Shaerhu area, which would promote the research level of this area inpaleobotany, and be beneficial for widenning the exploration scope in future of theShaerhu coal field.
本文首次对新疆东部沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世植物化石进行了系统报道和较详细的研究，取得的主要成果包括：
1.首次详细描述了新疆东部沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世18属29种植物大化石和34属48种孢粉化石，并对植物群的组成和性质做出分析和探讨。
2.首次建立了似木贼属的一个新种Equisetites shaerhuensis sp. nov（.沙尔湖似木贼），丰富了对沙尔湖植物群有节类的分异程度的认识。
3.新发现了国内较少发现的真蕨类化石Osmundopsis sturi（Raciborski）Harris（司图尔拟紫萁），较详细地研究了其细微构造，并提出该种可能是当前植物群部分Cladophlebis的生殖羽片。
4.综合诸多地质古生物特征，对沙尔湖地区中侏罗世古环境及古植物地理分区进行了分析和探讨，认为中侏罗世早期沙尔湖植物群可能生长在温暖潮湿并具季节性变化的暖温带的河湖地区。结合与俄罗斯贝加尔湖地区典型的西伯利亚型植物群、著名的哈萨克斯坦卡拉套、高加索以及英国约克郡等同期植物群的对比，认为沙尔湖植物群应属于西伯利亚植物地理区，且混生了一部分欧洲-中国区的植物分子。
总之，本研究首次对沙尔湖地区中侏罗世植物化石进行了报道和研究，填补了对沙尔湖煤田中侏罗世植物大化石研究的空白。本研究将在一定程度上推动新疆东部地区侏罗纪植物群与地层的研究，并为扩大沙尔湖煤田的远景勘探提供了新资料。
Shaerhu coal field, located in the eastern Shanshan of Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang,is one of the largest coal fields in China. Since this area is in a remont wilderness, theprevious work on this coal field was mainly on regional geological mapping andexploration of coal resources, while the study of paleontology and biostratigraphy wasrare.
This research is a systemic and detailed report on the plant fossils from MiddleJurassic in Shaerhu coal field, with the following main achivements.
1. Systemically reporting the Middle Jurassic plants from Shaerhu coal field for thefirst time, including 29 species of 18 genera of maga-plant fossils, and 48 species of 34genera of palynofossils in their composition. The floral characteristics and theirpaleophytogeography are discussed.
2. Equisetites shaerhuensis sp. nov., a new species of Equisetales is established forthe first time, which provides more information on the diversity of Equisetales in theShaerhu flora.
3. A well-preserved Osmundopsis sturi (Raciborski) Harris is discovered, which israre in the previous reports in China. The morphological characteristics and someanatomic structures are described, and the author suggests O. sturi having a possibleaffinity with the some of Cladophlebis of this flora.
4. Based on the geological and palaeontological data, the paleoenvironment andphytogeography of Shaerhu area in Middle Jurassic are analysed, which suggests that theShaerhu flora may grow in the fluvial-lacustrine area under warm temperate and humidclimate with seasonal changes. Compared with the floras from the typical Middle JurassicSiberian floras in Baical area of Russia, and the well-known floras from Karatau Range(Kazakhstan) and the Caucasus, even the Yorkshir of the UK, the Shaerhu flora isconsidered to attribute to the Siberian Floristic Region, with mixture of some plants from the Europe-China Floristic Region.
In sum, the study basically fills in the studying gap of the Middle Jurassicmega-plants in the Shaerhu area, which would promote the research level of this area inpaleobotany, and be beneficial for widenning the exploration scope in future of theShaerhu coal field.
引文
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