青海省气象灾情评估预警地理信息系统设计与实现
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摘要
随着信息技术和网络技术的发展,GIS的发展和应用也得到了大幅提升。WebGIS是网络技术与GIS技术相结合的产物,已经扩展到了GIS应用的各个领域,成为了能为大众所接受的工具。但是目前成熟应用的WebGIS大多仅限于简单的地图浏览和属性信息查询,很少能够提供GIS的分析功能。跨平台、异构空间数据的互操作及共享、功能资源的共享等问题已成为阻碍WebGIS继续向前发展的难题。
Web服务作为面向服务系统体系的主要技术之一,为Internet上异构信息的共享以及异构系统的集成提供了一个分布式算法。Web服务规范独立于编程语言、操作系统及硬件环境,使得服务提供者和服务消费者之间能够保持松散关系。地理信息Web服务基于Web服务技术之上,为解决传统WebGIS的不足提供了可能。它实现了数据类型的标准化、软件复用、平台独立性,不仅为解决地理信息共享和互操作提供可能,而且能够扩展GIS应用模式,使基于服务的GIS应用不断扩展。
本文在研究地理信息服务构建和部署方案的基础之上,提出了一种基于ArcGIS Server平台构建气象灾情评估预警地理信息系统的解决方案。论文共分为六章。第一章是绪论,回顾了GIS的发展历程,提出地理信息服务是解决WebGIS不足的关键技术并总结了国内外地理信息服务的发展现状。第二章是地理信息服务研究,从定义、框架、标准规范等方面对地理信息服务进行研究。第三章是ArcGIS Server平台研究,研究了ArcGIS Server的体系结构、服务器运行原理和基于ArcGIS Server的开发方式。第四章是系统设计,详细介绍了系统的具体设计过程,包括系统需求分析、系统总体设计、数据库设计和建库以及三维显示子系统的设计。第五章是系统实现,介绍了系统各个模块的具体实现过程以及部分功能展示。第六章为论文的总结部分,总结了本文的主要研究成果和进一步需要解决的问题。
The recent development of information technology and network technique net has facilitated the rapid deployment of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) at high frequency. WebGIS, a consequent on the connection between network technique and GIS, has been applied in every field of GIS application increasingly and has extended to common users'daily life as a popular tool. However, while WebGIS provides mature functions on map browsing and information searching and inquiring, there are still many limits existed on the function of spatial analysis. Moreover, the gaps which are among different data models involved in different developed systems result that sharing and interoperability of heterogeneous spatial data and cross-platform data has become the barrier and bottleneck problem in the way of the progress of WebGIS.
Web services, as one of the major technologies in service system domain, provides a distributed algorithm for the sharing of heterogeneous information and the integration of heterogeneous system online. The regulated application of Web Services completely isolates from program language, operating system and hardware environment, and keeps a loose relation between service providers and users.GIS Web Services, based on the Web Services technology, is enable to supplements the defect of Web GIS, for instance, standardization of data type, software reuse and the platform independence have been achieved by GIS Web Services. In addition, GIS Web Services not only offers an effective and practical approach to construct the sharing and interoperability of geographic information, but also raises up-to-date mode of GIS in order to extend the range of GIS application based on Web Services accordingly.
This thesis explores the framework and implementation scheme of GIS Web Services, and demonstrates a solution for Weather-Induced Disaster Assessment and Warning Geographical Information System of Qinghai Province using ArcGIS Server as a develop platform. There are six chapters involved. In the first chapter, this chapter begins with a review of the progress of GIS, and then proposes that GIS Web Services probably could enable to supplements the defect of Web GIS. Moreover research situation of GIS Web Services is summarized extensively at home and abroad. The second chapter aims to discuss GIS Web Services in three respects, which are its definition, framework and standard specifications. The third chapter provides an overview of ArcGIS Server consisting of the system architecture, principles of operation and development method based on ArcGIS Server. Hereinafter, a case of GIS Web Services is introduced which is named Weather-Induced Disaster Assessment and Warning Geographical Information System of Qinghai Province. The forth chapter attempts to design the case system mentioned above inclusive of the requirement analysis, system overall design, database design and so on. The fifth chapter intends to implement the case system. In this chapter, implementation procedures of each module are elaborated and the functions of each module are demonstrated elaborately. To this end, the final chapter draws a conclusion from the research achievement in this thesis, and promotes several suspended issues and unsolved obstacles which are expected to be stridden over in the following research.
Web服务作为面向服务系统体系的主要技术之一,为Internet上异构信息的共享以及异构系统的集成提供了一个分布式算法。Web服务规范独立于编程语言、操作系统及硬件环境,使得服务提供者和服务消费者之间能够保持松散关系。地理信息Web服务基于Web服务技术之上,为解决传统WebGIS的不足提供了可能。它实现了数据类型的标准化、软件复用、平台独立性,不仅为解决地理信息共享和互操作提供可能,而且能够扩展GIS应用模式,使基于服务的GIS应用不断扩展。
本文在研究地理信息服务构建和部署方案的基础之上,提出了一种基于ArcGIS Server平台构建气象灾情评估预警地理信息系统的解决方案。论文共分为六章。第一章是绪论,回顾了GIS的发展历程,提出地理信息服务是解决WebGIS不足的关键技术并总结了国内外地理信息服务的发展现状。第二章是地理信息服务研究,从定义、框架、标准规范等方面对地理信息服务进行研究。第三章是ArcGIS Server平台研究,研究了ArcGIS Server的体系结构、服务器运行原理和基于ArcGIS Server的开发方式。第四章是系统设计,详细介绍了系统的具体设计过程,包括系统需求分析、系统总体设计、数据库设计和建库以及三维显示子系统的设计。第五章是系统实现,介绍了系统各个模块的具体实现过程以及部分功能展示。第六章为论文的总结部分,总结了本文的主要研究成果和进一步需要解决的问题。
The recent development of information technology and network technique net has facilitated the rapid deployment of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) at high frequency. WebGIS, a consequent on the connection between network technique and GIS, has been applied in every field of GIS application increasingly and has extended to common users'daily life as a popular tool. However, while WebGIS provides mature functions on map browsing and information searching and inquiring, there are still many limits existed on the function of spatial analysis. Moreover, the gaps which are among different data models involved in different developed systems result that sharing and interoperability of heterogeneous spatial data and cross-platform data has become the barrier and bottleneck problem in the way of the progress of WebGIS.
Web services, as one of the major technologies in service system domain, provides a distributed algorithm for the sharing of heterogeneous information and the integration of heterogeneous system online. The regulated application of Web Services completely isolates from program language, operating system and hardware environment, and keeps a loose relation between service providers and users.GIS Web Services, based on the Web Services technology, is enable to supplements the defect of Web GIS, for instance, standardization of data type, software reuse and the platform independence have been achieved by GIS Web Services. In addition, GIS Web Services not only offers an effective and practical approach to construct the sharing and interoperability of geographic information, but also raises up-to-date mode of GIS in order to extend the range of GIS application based on Web Services accordingly.
This thesis explores the framework and implementation scheme of GIS Web Services, and demonstrates a solution for Weather-Induced Disaster Assessment and Warning Geographical Information System of Qinghai Province using ArcGIS Server as a develop platform. There are six chapters involved. In the first chapter, this chapter begins with a review of the progress of GIS, and then proposes that GIS Web Services probably could enable to supplements the defect of Web GIS. Moreover research situation of GIS Web Services is summarized extensively at home and abroad. The second chapter aims to discuss GIS Web Services in three respects, which are its definition, framework and standard specifications. The third chapter provides an overview of ArcGIS Server consisting of the system architecture, principles of operation and development method based on ArcGIS Server. Hereinafter, a case of GIS Web Services is introduced which is named Weather-Induced Disaster Assessment and Warning Geographical Information System of Qinghai Province. The forth chapter attempts to design the case system mentioned above inclusive of the requirement analysis, system overall design, database design and so on. The fifth chapter intends to implement the case system. In this chapter, implementation procedures of each module are elaborated and the functions of each module are demonstrated elaborately. To this end, the final chapter draws a conclusion from the research achievement in this thesis, and promotes several suspended issues and unsolved obstacles which are expected to be stridden over in the following research.
引文
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