复杂工作流软件自动化测试方法的研究
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摘要
在一般情况下,当测试人力资源与测试效率确定时,软件测试中的“速度”与“质量”之间存在矛盾。在测试过程中,若希望既有足够的速度又有足够的质量,必须增加测试人力或提高测试效率。改进测试方法以及引入自动化测试都可大大提高基于工作流软件的测试效率,从而使软件测试的“速度”与“质量”同时提升。
改进测试方法的重要途径之一是改进测试用例的编写技术。本文以WOA项目中一个典型工作流为例,提出了独创的基于路径编写法,并提出了路径覆盖的优化选择法。依据此方法编写的用例,冗余性大大降低,可大幅提高测试效率。
针对快速变更的业务,WOA自动化测试框架采用分层与模块化的结构,由外围控制层、环境配置模块、清理模块、事务、主脚本、对象库与数据驱动层七大元素组成。外围控制层利用测试管理软件——QC(Quality Center)提供的功能实现;环境配置模块、清理模块、事务、主脚本结合自动化测试软件——QTP(QuickTest Professional)提供的框架,使用VBScript进行编码实现;对象库由QTP录制生成,并进行后期管理维护;数据驱动层使用Excel进行管理,并使用独创的扩展性、灵活性更佳的纵向数据设计模式。
本文详细地介绍了WOA自动化测试项目的设计、实现与应用。研究成果已在WOA项目的建设中得到实际应用,运行结果达到了预期的研究目标。
When human resource and working efficiency is decided, the "speed" and "quality" in software testing is always a contradiction. In order to improve both of them, we should either use more human resource or improve the working efficiency. Both improving testing method and using automated testing can achieve this goal.
One important way to improve testing method is to improve the method which is used to design the test cases. In this paper, we used a classical workflow in the WOA project as an example. After comparing node-based method and route-based method, we suggested route-based method combined with node-base method is the better practice. The test cases' redundant would be significantly decreased, and the testing efficiency could be greatly improved.
In order to deal with the fast changing business, WOA automation project should be separated as several different modules: Outer control layer; Environment configuration module; Environment clean-up module; Actions; Main script; Repository and Data-driven layer. Outer control layer mainly use the testing management software - QC (Quality Center); Environment configuration module, environment clean-up module, actions and main script are coded in VBScript and based on an automation testing software -- QTP's (Quick Test Professional) frame; Repository is originally recorded by QTP, and modified later; Data-driven layer used Excel to manage data, and used a flexible, expansible vertical-design-pattern to design the driven data.
In this paper, the design and realization of the WOA automation project is presented in detail. The whole automation project is used to test the WOA project, and reached the expectation.
改进测试方法的重要途径之一是改进测试用例的编写技术。本文以WOA项目中一个典型工作流为例,提出了独创的基于路径编写法,并提出了路径覆盖的优化选择法。依据此方法编写的用例,冗余性大大降低,可大幅提高测试效率。
针对快速变更的业务,WOA自动化测试框架采用分层与模块化的结构,由外围控制层、环境配置模块、清理模块、事务、主脚本、对象库与数据驱动层七大元素组成。外围控制层利用测试管理软件——QC(Quality Center)提供的功能实现;环境配置模块、清理模块、事务、主脚本结合自动化测试软件——QTP(QuickTest Professional)提供的框架,使用VBScript进行编码实现;对象库由QTP录制生成,并进行后期管理维护;数据驱动层使用Excel进行管理,并使用独创的扩展性、灵活性更佳的纵向数据设计模式。
本文详细地介绍了WOA自动化测试项目的设计、实现与应用。研究成果已在WOA项目的建设中得到实际应用,运行结果达到了预期的研究目标。
When human resource and working efficiency is decided, the "speed" and "quality" in software testing is always a contradiction. In order to improve both of them, we should either use more human resource or improve the working efficiency. Both improving testing method and using automated testing can achieve this goal.
One important way to improve testing method is to improve the method which is used to design the test cases. In this paper, we used a classical workflow in the WOA project as an example. After comparing node-based method and route-based method, we suggested route-based method combined with node-base method is the better practice. The test cases' redundant would be significantly decreased, and the testing efficiency could be greatly improved.
In order to deal with the fast changing business, WOA automation project should be separated as several different modules: Outer control layer; Environment configuration module; Environment clean-up module; Actions; Main script; Repository and Data-driven layer. Outer control layer mainly use the testing management software - QC (Quality Center); Environment configuration module, environment clean-up module, actions and main script are coded in VBScript and based on an automation testing software -- QTP's (Quick Test Professional) frame; Repository is originally recorded by QTP, and modified later; Data-driven layer used Excel to manage data, and used a flexible, expansible vertical-design-pattern to design the driven data.
In this paper, the design and realization of the WOA automation project is presented in detail. The whole automation project is used to test the WOA project, and reached the expectation.
引文
[1]Suzanne Robertson,An Early Start To Testing:How To Test Requirements,1996
[2]Karl Wiegers,Software Requirements,1999
[3]T.Capers Jones,Assessment and Control of Software Risks,1994
[4]Elfriede Dustin et al.,Automated Software Testing,1999
[5]Elfriede Dustin et al.,Quality Web Systems:Performance,Security,and Usability,2002
[6]Tilo Linz and Matthias Daigl,How to Automate Testing of Graphical User Interfaces,2002
[7]Donald Gause and Gerald Weinberg,Exploring Requirements,1989
[8]Michael Jackson,Software Requirements and Specifications,1966
[9]Ivar Jacobson,Object-Oriented Software Engineering,1992
[10]Capers Jones,Assessment and Control of Software Risks,1994
[11]Neil Maiden and Gordon Rugg,Acre:selecting methods for requirements acquisition,1966
[12]Steve Mellor and Sally Schlaer,Object-Oriented Systems Analysis:Modelling the World in Data,1988
[13]Steve McMenamin and John Palmer,Essential Systems Analysis,1984
[14]William J.Pardee,How To Satisfy & Delight Your Customer,1996
[15]James Hobart,Principles of good GUI Design,1995
[16]Tino Linz and Matthias Daigl,How to Automate Testing of Graphical User Interfaces,1996
[17]Alistair D.N.Edwards,The Rise of the Graphical User Interface,1996
[18]陈能技,《软件测试技术大全:测试基础、流行工具、项目实战》,人民邮电出版社,年份:2008
[19]蔡少英,《国外软件测试的发展与现状》,赛宝信息研究中心,年份:2008
[20]《国内软件自动化测试现状分析及展望》:http://www.7dtest.com/bbs/thread-1048-1-1.html
[21]《国内软件测试行业的发展现状》:http://blog.163.com/li_xu_qin.popo/blog/static/52877380200831842341835/0011
[22]James D.McCaffery,《.NET软件测试自动化之道》,电子工业出版社,年份:2007
[23]Paul C.Jorgensen,《软件测试》(原书第2版)—软件工程技术丛书测试系列,机械工业出版社,年份:2003
[24]Tom Arnold,Dominic Hopton,Andy Leonard,Mike Frost,Professional:SoftwareTtesting with Visual Studio 2005 Team System,2007
[25]陈能技,《QTP自动化测试实践》,电子工业出版社,年份:2008
[2]Karl Wiegers,Software Requirements,1999
[3]T.Capers Jones,Assessment and Control of Software Risks,1994
[4]Elfriede Dustin et al.,Automated Software Testing,1999
[5]Elfriede Dustin et al.,Quality Web Systems:Performance,Security,and Usability,2002
[6]Tilo Linz and Matthias Daigl,How to Automate Testing of Graphical User Interfaces,2002
[7]Donald Gause and Gerald Weinberg,Exploring Requirements,1989
[8]Michael Jackson,Software Requirements and Specifications,1966
[9]Ivar Jacobson,Object-Oriented Software Engineering,1992
[10]Capers Jones,Assessment and Control of Software Risks,1994
[11]Neil Maiden and Gordon Rugg,Acre:selecting methods for requirements acquisition,1966
[12]Steve Mellor and Sally Schlaer,Object-Oriented Systems Analysis:Modelling the World in Data,1988
[13]Steve McMenamin and John Palmer,Essential Systems Analysis,1984
[14]William J.Pardee,How To Satisfy & Delight Your Customer,1996
[15]James Hobart,Principles of good GUI Design,1995
[16]Tino Linz and Matthias Daigl,How to Automate Testing of Graphical User Interfaces,1996
[17]Alistair D.N.Edwards,The Rise of the Graphical User Interface,1996
[18]陈能技,《软件测试技术大全:测试基础、流行工具、项目实战》,人民邮电出版社,年份:2008
[19]蔡少英,《国外软件测试的发展与现状》,赛宝信息研究中心,年份:2008
[20]《国内软件自动化测试现状分析及展望》:http://www.7dtest.com/bbs/thread-1048-1-1.html
[21]《国内软件测试行业的发展现状》:http://blog.163.com/li_xu_qin.popo/blog/static/52877380200831842341835/0011
[22]James D.McCaffery,《.NET软件测试自动化之道》,电子工业出版社,年份:2007
[23]Paul C.Jorgensen,《软件测试》(原书第2版)—软件工程技术丛书测试系列,机械工业出版社,年份:2003
[24]Tom Arnold,Dominic Hopton,Andy Leonard,Mike Frost,Professional:SoftwareTtesting with Visual Studio 2005 Team System,2007
[25]陈能技,《QTP自动化测试实践》,电子工业出版社,年份:2008