返回式卫星回收过程视景仿真系统的研究与实现
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摘要
视景仿真是一种基于可计算信息的交互式环境,因其能够帮助人们建立一个具有身临其境的沉浸感,能与复杂系统进行交互,并能促进构想与创造的环境,而成为社会多个应用领域发展中不可或缺的高科技手段。现在,视景仿真技术已经成为仿真系统软件的一个重要组成部分,它也是虚拟现实技术、分布式交互仿真技术研究的主要内容之一。
本论文以返回式卫星的返回过程为实际研究对象,主要对三维场景建模和视景仿真驱动技术进行了研究。本系统主要实现了真实场区环境的虚拟表现,以及对卫星的整个返回过程进行了可视化描述。根据系统实时性和交互性要求较高的特点,对系统进行了功能设计,分析了系统开发的技术路线,提出了系统的总体框架,并确定了系统基于MultiGen Creator/Vega的开发环境。
三维模型的构建是视景仿真系统实现的基础,论文详细介绍了基于MultiGen Creator的三维建模方法,建立了仿真系统所需要的三维模型,包括卫星、地球等；研究了虚拟现实仿真系统中三维地形建模的方法和过程,包括地形数据的采集,DEM数据的生成和根据LOD原理对DEM数据进行简化；并从场景结构优化和模型构建优化两方面,提出了三维虚拟场景建模的优化技术和方法。
论文研究了Vega仿真引擎,包括LynX图形界面和应用程序接口API,给出了开发Vega应用程序的主框架和基本步骤,并对视景显示与驱动的几个关键技术逐一进行分析。最后,利用Visual C++软件开发平台,对视景仿真系统进行了研发工作,实现了卫星飞行的实时仿真显示和回收场区的虚拟漫游功能。
在软件测试中,系统运行稳定,实时数据读取准确、及时,仿真效果真实流畅。结果表明,本文提出的开发方式对类似的视景仿真应用具有借鉴作用。
Scene simulation is an interactive environment based on calculable information. It has become the necessary high-tech technology in many social application fields because it can help people to establish the environment that provides feeling of the real scene, has the ability to interact with complex system, and can promote imagination and creativity. Nowadays, scene simulation technology has become one important component of simulation system software, and it's also become primary content of virtual reality and distributed interactive simulation.
This paper researches 3D scene modeling and scene simulation driving by using recovery process of recoverable satellite as the actual study object. The system designed in this paper mainly realizes the virtual scene of actual landing environment and gives the visual description of satellite's recovery process. The paper designed system function, analyzed technology course, proposed system architecture and introduced the develop environment with MultiGen Creator/Vega based on the characteristics of high real-time and interaction.
The construction of 3D model is the base of scene simulation system. The paper detailed introduced the 3D modeling methods using MultiGen Creator, established 3D models the simulation system needed, including satellite and globosity; It also researched the modeling method and process of 3D terrain in virtual reality simulation system, including collection of the source data of terrains, produce of digital elevation model data and simplify of DEM data according to LOD principle; And advanced optimizing technology of 3D virtual scene modeling based on scene structure optimization and modeling optimization.
This paper researched the Vega simulation software, including LynX graphical interface and Application Program Interface (API), gave the main frame and basic steps to develop Vega application program, and particular analyzed the critical technologies of scene display and driving. Finally, a scene simulation system with Visual C++ software platform was developed, it achieved the real-time simulation display of satellite flying and the virtual scene cruise of satellite landing situation.
In the testing, the system run steady, read data exactly, the simulation effect was reality and fluency. The experimental result showed that the development method proposed in this paper can be a valuable reference in visual simulation application.
本论文以返回式卫星的返回过程为实际研究对象,主要对三维场景建模和视景仿真驱动技术进行了研究。本系统主要实现了真实场区环境的虚拟表现,以及对卫星的整个返回过程进行了可视化描述。根据系统实时性和交互性要求较高的特点,对系统进行了功能设计,分析了系统开发的技术路线,提出了系统的总体框架,并确定了系统基于MultiGen Creator/Vega的开发环境。
三维模型的构建是视景仿真系统实现的基础,论文详细介绍了基于MultiGen Creator的三维建模方法,建立了仿真系统所需要的三维模型,包括卫星、地球等；研究了虚拟现实仿真系统中三维地形建模的方法和过程,包括地形数据的采集,DEM数据的生成和根据LOD原理对DEM数据进行简化；并从场景结构优化和模型构建优化两方面,提出了三维虚拟场景建模的优化技术和方法。
论文研究了Vega仿真引擎,包括LynX图形界面和应用程序接口API,给出了开发Vega应用程序的主框架和基本步骤,并对视景显示与驱动的几个关键技术逐一进行分析。最后,利用Visual C++软件开发平台,对视景仿真系统进行了研发工作,实现了卫星飞行的实时仿真显示和回收场区的虚拟漫游功能。
在软件测试中,系统运行稳定,实时数据读取准确、及时,仿真效果真实流畅。结果表明,本文提出的开发方式对类似的视景仿真应用具有借鉴作用。
Scene simulation is an interactive environment based on calculable information. It has become the necessary high-tech technology in many social application fields because it can help people to establish the environment that provides feeling of the real scene, has the ability to interact with complex system, and can promote imagination and creativity. Nowadays, scene simulation technology has become one important component of simulation system software, and it's also become primary content of virtual reality and distributed interactive simulation.
This paper researches 3D scene modeling and scene simulation driving by using recovery process of recoverable satellite as the actual study object. The system designed in this paper mainly realizes the virtual scene of actual landing environment and gives the visual description of satellite's recovery process. The paper designed system function, analyzed technology course, proposed system architecture and introduced the develop environment with MultiGen Creator/Vega based on the characteristics of high real-time and interaction.
The construction of 3D model is the base of scene simulation system. The paper detailed introduced the 3D modeling methods using MultiGen Creator, established 3D models the simulation system needed, including satellite and globosity; It also researched the modeling method and process of 3D terrain in virtual reality simulation system, including collection of the source data of terrains, produce of digital elevation model data and simplify of DEM data according to LOD principle; And advanced optimizing technology of 3D virtual scene modeling based on scene structure optimization and modeling optimization.
This paper researched the Vega simulation software, including LynX graphical interface and Application Program Interface (API), gave the main frame and basic steps to develop Vega application program, and particular analyzed the critical technologies of scene display and driving. Finally, a scene simulation system with Visual C++ software platform was developed, it achieved the real-time simulation display of satellite flying and the virtual scene cruise of satellite landing situation.
In the testing, the system run steady, read data exactly, the simulation effect was reality and fluency. The experimental result showed that the development method proposed in this paper can be a valuable reference in visual simulation application.
引文
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[3]宋志明,康凤举.视景仿真的关键技术.计算机应用[J].2004,24(5)：67-68
[4]George T.Wright.Helicopter Urban Navigation Training Using Virtual Environment [D].Califomia:Naval Postgraduate School,2000,6(4):10-13.
[5]Jain.R.Real reality,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications[J],2000,20(1):40-41.
[6]Machover.C.The business of computer graphics.IEEE Computer Graphics and Application[J],2000,20(1):44-45.
[7]Zhu,Lingfeng;Shao,Yun;Fan,Xiangtao;Guo,Huadong; Study on Real-Time Simulation Technology of Large-Scale Virtual Scene International Geosciences and Remote Sensing Symposium(IGARSS) [J],2003,6(3):3934-3936
[8]胡峰,孙国基.航天仿真技术的现状及展望.系统仿真学报[J],1999,11(2)：83-88
[9]曹建国,王恒霖.航天仿真综述.计算机仿真[J],1997,14(1)：4-5
[10]徐庚保,曾莲芝.航天仿真.计算机仿真[J],2003,20(10)：1-4
[11]Dr Michael Barlow、Dr Bob Mckay.The virtual battlefield,session 2:Realities of Virtual worlds,The Science Fortums[J],2002(3):25-28
[12]薛锋,欧阳中辉,谢晓方.虚拟座舱实时视景仿真系统的设计与实现.系统仿真学报[J],2004,6(3)：417-419
[13]宁超,张世英,韦素媛.VRML在航天仿真技术中的应用.计算机应用[J],2003,22(12)：126-127
[14]胡社教,陈宗海.虚拟现实与卫星仿真技术.计算机仿真[J],2001,18(2)：15-18.
[15]李补莲,刘军利.卫星仿真系统发展述评.电脑开发与应用[J],2001(2)：44-45
[16]李勇.航天器运动可视化分析系统的设计与实现[D].成都：四川大学,2002
[17]Winorbit:An artificial earth-satellite tracking and display progra[J],2004(2):41-48
[18]王江云,彭晓源,王行仁.基于HLA的卫星分布仿真系统设计与实现.计算机工程与设计[J],2004,25(5)：700-702
[19]A Joines,R.R Barton,K Kang and A Fishwick,eds.A model-based approach for component simulation development[J].Proceedings of the 2000 Winter Simulation Conference,2000:1831-1840
[20]Wu An-Ming,Xu Xiaohui,Ni Wei-Tou.Orbit Design and Analysis for ASTROD Mission Concept.International Journal of Modem Physics[D].2000,9(2):201-214
[21]Mark E.Campbell,Thomas Schetter.Formation Flying Mission for the UW Dawgstar Satellite[J]. 2001,2(2):227-231
[22]Crockett,Gregg A.(Boeing-SVS,Inc.),Brunson,Richard L.Visualization Tool for Advanced Laser System Development, Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering[J], 2002,10(5):69-77
[23]秦大国,陈星.STK及其在卫星组网仿真演示中的应用研究.指挥技术学院学报[J],2001,12(4)：66-69
[24]STK User's Manual Version 4.0.5 for PCS.Analytical Graphics,NC(AGI)[J],1998,16(7):81-87
[25]郑娟,姜振东.空间战场可视化系统的设计与实现.计算机仿真[J],2005,22(1)：36-39
[26]张守玉,姜振东.基于STK的卫星轨道机动模型设计与仿真.计算机仿真[J],2004,21(10)：25-28
[27]郑荣跃.航天工程学[M].第1版.长沙：国防科技大学出版社,1999：11-18
[28]康志宇,赵育善.基于STK的导弹飞行数据快速可视化仿真实现.弹箭与制导学报[J],2004,24(2)：1-4
[29]Analytical Graphics,Inc.How to get the STK CD[EB/OL],www.stk.com,2001
[30]付红勋.航天器轨道控制的设计与仿真研究[D].成都：四川大学,2002
[31]李强.《轨道仿真系统》设计与实现[D].成都：四川大学,2002
[32]贺勇军,戴金海,李连军.复杂多卫星系统的综合建模与仿真.系统仿真学报[J],2004,16(5)：871-875
[33]江刚武.航天器轨道设计与分析仿真系统的设计.[D].成都：四川大学,2004
[34]张山,贝超,杨嘉伟.微小卫星数字化综合仿真试验系统研究.系统仿真学报[D].成都：四川大学[J],2003,15(6)：765-767
[35]徐晓云,李俊峰,苏罗鹏,柳宁.小卫星轨道姿态控制系统仿真软件平台.清华大学学报[J],2003,43(2)：234-237
[36]Baoyinhexi,Li Junfeng Dynamical behaviours and relative trajectories of the spacecraft formation flying[J] Aerospace Science Technology,2002,6(2):295-301
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