营口高新技术产业园区土地利用结构评价及其变化机理研究
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摘要
合理的土地利用结构是一定范围内的土地发挥出较大经济效益的前提条件。随着社会经济发展速度的加快,土地利用结构的合理性问题成为研究的重点。目前营口市作为辽宁省“五点一线”的组成部分,伴随着“振兴东北老工业基地”的良好机遇,正处于经济快速发展时期。营口高新技术产业园区作为营口市重要的经济增长点,研究其土地利用结构的合理性对园区和营口市的发展都具有重要的意义。
本文通过收集1994年-2008年园区的土地利用状况资料,采用分阶段土地利用结构评价、测算1994年-2008年每一年的土地利用结构合理度的方法,分析营口高新技术产业园区的土地利用结构的变化趋势。
选取工业用地率、高新技术产业用地率、商服用地率、住宅用地率、道路覆盖率、公园与绿地覆盖率这六项指标,建立评价体系,采用特尔菲法、层次分析法确定评价指标的权重,进行分阶段土地利用结构评价,得出三个阶段的土地利用结构分值为58.40、77.13、63.60。
利用改进的TOPSIS方法进行1994年-2008年每一年的土地利用结构合理度的测算,得出了15年以来每一年的土地利用结构合理度分值,结果表明合理度分值呈现出逐年上升的趋势。
此外本文对园区的土地利用空间布局也进行了分析,运用以上方法都说明了营口高新技术产业园区的土地利用结构较为合理,符合园区定位。园区以工业用地为主,工业用地比例占园区总面积的58.28%;商服用地、住宅用地、公园与绿地面积较小,虽然影响较小,但从园区的未来发展角度考虑,应适当增加其用地比例,进一步完善园区的基础设施配套,优化园区的投资环境。
本研究是针对开发区的土地利用结构进行较为深入的研究。分阶段评价是对园区已建成土地利用结构进行评价,分析其合理程度;每一年的合理度测算是从园区整体层面考虑,配合分阶段评价。结合营口高新技术产业园区实际的土地利用状况以及土地集约利用评价工作结果,说明这两种方法所得结果是较为可靠的,可以为园区今后的土地利用提供一定的参考。
Rational land use structure which belongs to a certain scope of the land is playing a larger a prerequisite for economic benefits.With the rapid social development, the study about rational land use structure has become the focus of research.Now as an integral part of“five points and one line”of Liaoning Province and along with a good opportunity that is "revitalizing the northeast old industrial base,"Yingkou city is in a period of rapid economic development.Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park as an important economic growth point of Yingkou city,study on the rationality of land-use structure has an important significance for the development of both parks and Yingkou City.
In this paper, doing deep study on land use structure of Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park by collecting park's information about land use from 1994 to 2008,using phased evaluation of land-use structure and calculating reasonable degree of land-use structure from 1994 to 2008,so analying the change trend of land use structure of Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park.
Through phased evaluation of land-use structure, selecting the rate of industrial land, land use rate of high-tech industries, rate of business taking,rate of residential land and roads coverage,rate of parks and green cover these six indicators, establishing an evaluation system,using Ritter Philippine law, analytic hierarchy process method to determine the weight of evaluation index,score of land use structure of three stages are 58.40,77.13,63.60.
In addition, use the method that is improved TOPSIS to measure the reasonable degree of land-use structure from 1994 to 2008, obtained scores of the reasonable degree of the past 15 years, showing that score of the reasonable degree of land-use structure is an upward trend year after year.
The land utilization in spatial layout is also analyzed.The results of study on land-use structure by using the above two methods are described Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park land use structure which is consistent with the park's location. The park mainly for industrial land,based industrial park land proportion of the total area is 58.28%.But business land and housing land, park and green area is lesser,though it has smaller impact for the park's overall structure, from the perspective of the park's future development ,it should be appropriately increased the proportion of these sites, improve the basis for park facilities, optimize investment environment in the park.
This study is aimed at the in-depth study on the land use structure in development zones. Phases evaluation of the park is aimed at builted land use structure, to analyzes its reasonable evaluation;, measuring the reasonable degrees in every year is aimed at the overall level, with phase evaluation.With the actual situation Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park with of land use status and results of land evaluation of intensive utilization,it shows the results of these two methods is more reliable, can provide certain reference value for the land use in the park.
本文通过收集1994年-2008年园区的土地利用状况资料,采用分阶段土地利用结构评价、测算1994年-2008年每一年的土地利用结构合理度的方法,分析营口高新技术产业园区的土地利用结构的变化趋势。
选取工业用地率、高新技术产业用地率、商服用地率、住宅用地率、道路覆盖率、公园与绿地覆盖率这六项指标,建立评价体系,采用特尔菲法、层次分析法确定评价指标的权重,进行分阶段土地利用结构评价,得出三个阶段的土地利用结构分值为58.40、77.13、63.60。
利用改进的TOPSIS方法进行1994年-2008年每一年的土地利用结构合理度的测算,得出了15年以来每一年的土地利用结构合理度分值,结果表明合理度分值呈现出逐年上升的趋势。
此外本文对园区的土地利用空间布局也进行了分析,运用以上方法都说明了营口高新技术产业园区的土地利用结构较为合理,符合园区定位。园区以工业用地为主,工业用地比例占园区总面积的58.28%;商服用地、住宅用地、公园与绿地面积较小,虽然影响较小,但从园区的未来发展角度考虑,应适当增加其用地比例,进一步完善园区的基础设施配套,优化园区的投资环境。
本研究是针对开发区的土地利用结构进行较为深入的研究。分阶段评价是对园区已建成土地利用结构进行评价,分析其合理程度;每一年的合理度测算是从园区整体层面考虑,配合分阶段评价。结合营口高新技术产业园区实际的土地利用状况以及土地集约利用评价工作结果,说明这两种方法所得结果是较为可靠的,可以为园区今后的土地利用提供一定的参考。
Rational land use structure which belongs to a certain scope of the land is playing a larger a prerequisite for economic benefits.With the rapid social development, the study about rational land use structure has become the focus of research.Now as an integral part of“five points and one line”of Liaoning Province and along with a good opportunity that is "revitalizing the northeast old industrial base,"Yingkou city is in a period of rapid economic development.Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park as an important economic growth point of Yingkou city,study on the rationality of land-use structure has an important significance for the development of both parks and Yingkou City.
In this paper, doing deep study on land use structure of Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park by collecting park's information about land use from 1994 to 2008,using phased evaluation of land-use structure and calculating reasonable degree of land-use structure from 1994 to 2008,so analying the change trend of land use structure of Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park.
Through phased evaluation of land-use structure, selecting the rate of industrial land, land use rate of high-tech industries, rate of business taking,rate of residential land and roads coverage,rate of parks and green cover these six indicators, establishing an evaluation system,using Ritter Philippine law, analytic hierarchy process method to determine the weight of evaluation index,score of land use structure of three stages are 58.40,77.13,63.60.
In addition, use the method that is improved TOPSIS to measure the reasonable degree of land-use structure from 1994 to 2008, obtained scores of the reasonable degree of the past 15 years, showing that score of the reasonable degree of land-use structure is an upward trend year after year.
The land utilization in spatial layout is also analyzed.The results of study on land-use structure by using the above two methods are described Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park land use structure which is consistent with the park's location. The park mainly for industrial land,based industrial park land proportion of the total area is 58.28%.But business land and housing land, park and green area is lesser,though it has smaller impact for the park's overall structure, from the perspective of the park's future development ,it should be appropriately increased the proportion of these sites, improve the basis for park facilities, optimize investment environment in the park.
This study is aimed at the in-depth study on the land use structure in development zones. Phases evaluation of the park is aimed at builted land use structure, to analyzes its reasonable evaluation;, measuring the reasonable degrees in every year is aimed at the overall level, with phase evaluation.With the actual situation Yingkou High-tech Industrial Park with of land use status and results of land evaluation of intensive utilization,it shows the results of these two methods is more reliable, can provide certain reference value for the land use in the park.
引文
[1]吴晶星.柳州市土地利用结构综合评价研究[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[2]王万茂,韩桐魁.土地利用规划学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[3]吴传钧,郭焕成.中国土地利用[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[4]陈秧分.长沙市区土地利用结构变化及其优化研究[D].湖南大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[5]张明.以土地利用/土地覆盖被变化为中心的土地科学研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(4):297一304.
[6]陈佑启,PeterH.Verburg,徐斌.中国土地利用变化及其影响的空间建模分析[J].地理科学进展,2000,19(2):116一127.
[7]SmithN,DennisW.The restrueturing of geographical scale:coalescence and Fraglllentation of the northern region.EeonomicGeography.1987,63:160-182.
[8]Lambin E F.Modelling deforestation Processes:a review·TREES SeriesB.Research RePort1.Offiee of official publieations of the EuroPean Community,Luxeumbourg,1994.
[9]Stark R. A hidden treasure map: highest and best use analysis. ASA Valuation,1998, 33:24-29.
[10]Zhou Yushuang, Fischer G. Cultivated land-use change in the east region of China.11ASA interim Report-99-OSS.Laxenburg, 1999.
[11]朱凤武,彭补拙,丁建中等.温州市土地利用空间格局研究[J].经济地理,2001.
[12]W.N.Xing etal.Cnfliet Predjction and Prevention ire Rural land-use Planning: a GIS APProach,in:progress in Rural Policy and plamning, 1992(2).
[13]S.J.Vventra, etal, Multipumose Land Information Systerm for Rural Resource planning[J].journal of soil and Water conservation, 1998(3).
[14]Sharifi M. A,Van keulen H.A. decision support system for land use planning at enterprise level [J].Agricultural-system,1994,45(3).
[15]E.churience,Intergration of Linear of programming and GIS for land use planning[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Systerm,1994 (3).
[16]高占国,赵旭阳.基于GIS的土地利用动态变化与预测[J].首都师范大学学报,2002.
[17]刘闯.区域土地数量结构分析模型及其应用[J].中国土地科学,1989.
[18]陈彦光,刘继生.城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息墒到分维数[J].地理研究,2001.
[19]程晓宏.我国大城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].暨南大学硕士学位论文,2005.5.
[20]夏显力.我国城市土地集约化利用问题研究[D].西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[21]常显显,纪聪,杨凤海等.基于GIS和计量地理模型的双城市土地利用结构分析[J].能源与环境,2009,22:16-17.
[22]李亦秋,冯仲科,马俊吉.绵阳城市土地利用结构和形态演变及其动力机制[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(1):238-243.
[23]耿红,唐旭,马玲.基于信息熵的城市土地利用结构合理性分析[J].国土资源科技管理,2006,1,84-87.
[24]边学芳,吴群,刘玮娜.城市化与中国城市土地利用结构的相关分析[J].资源科学, 2005,3:73-77.
[25]钱小龙,管华,张国成等.徐州城市土地利用结构信息熵变化及驱动力分析[J].徐州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008,1:60-63.
[26]凌怡莹.城市土地利用结构及其演变的非线性研究[D].华东师范大学,2004.
[27]程晓宏.我国大城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].暨南大学,2005.
[28]徐士珺.郑州市城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].四川农业大学,2007.
[29]谭峻,朱敏,涂宁静.非线性规划法在城市土地利用结构优化中的应用研究.城市发展研究——2009城市发展与规划国际论坛论文集,2009年.
[30]曾钢,焦霄黎.信息熵与分形理论在城市土地利用结构合理性分析中的应用[J].科协论坛,2007年第4期(下):7-8.
[31][33]文洁;刘学录.基于改进TOPSIS方法的甘肃省土地利用结构合理性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):234-238.
[32]张占录;张正峰.土地利用规划学[M].中国人民出版社,2006,1-55.
[34]马洪.中国经济开发区投资管理指南[M].北京:中国统计出版社,1994.
[35]何兴刚.城市开发区的理论与实践[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1995.
[36]朴杉沃.New industrial districts in the developing countries:problem and strategies,Paper presented at the 4th CICEA.1-4 August.Beijing,1994.
[37]侯永庭,赵盛相,周振文.开发区建设新思路[M].北京:海洋出版社,1990.
[38]顾朝林,赵令勋.中国高新技术产业与园区[M].北京:中信出版社,1998.
[39]王慧.开发区与城市相互关系的内在机理及空间效应[J].城市规划,2003,27(3):20-25.
[40]夏春云,严金明.土地利用规划实施评价的指标体系构建[J].中国土地科学,2006,(4):19-23.
[41]周霞.开发区土地的集约利用与开发模式的选取[D].首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文, 2004.
[42]KooPm and TC,Beekman M J.Assignment Problems and the Loeation of Eeonomie Aetivities[J].Eeonometriea,1957,25.
[43]国土资源部.《开发区土地集约利用潜力评价规程(试行)》.2008年.
[2]王万茂,韩桐魁.土地利用规划学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[3]吴传钧,郭焕成.中国土地利用[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[4]陈秧分.长沙市区土地利用结构变化及其优化研究[D].湖南大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[5]张明.以土地利用/土地覆盖被变化为中心的土地科学研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(4):297一304.
[6]陈佑启,PeterH.Verburg,徐斌.中国土地利用变化及其影响的空间建模分析[J].地理科学进展,2000,19(2):116一127.
[7]SmithN,DennisW.The restrueturing of geographical scale:coalescence and Fraglllentation of the northern region.EeonomicGeography.1987,63:160-182.
[8]Lambin E F.Modelling deforestation Processes:a review·TREES SeriesB.Research RePort1.Offiee of official publieations of the EuroPean Community,Luxeumbourg,1994.
[9]Stark R. A hidden treasure map: highest and best use analysis. ASA Valuation,1998, 33:24-29.
[10]Zhou Yushuang, Fischer G. Cultivated land-use change in the east region of China.11ASA interim Report-99-OSS.Laxenburg, 1999.
[11]朱凤武,彭补拙,丁建中等.温州市土地利用空间格局研究[J].经济地理,2001.
[12]W.N.Xing etal.Cnfliet Predjction and Prevention ire Rural land-use Planning: a GIS APProach,in:progress in Rural Policy and plamning, 1992(2).
[13]S.J.Vventra, etal, Multipumose Land Information Systerm for Rural Resource planning[J].journal of soil and Water conservation, 1998(3).
[14]Sharifi M. A,Van keulen H.A. decision support system for land use planning at enterprise level [J].Agricultural-system,1994,45(3).
[15]E.churience,Intergration of Linear of programming and GIS for land use planning[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Systerm,1994 (3).
[16]高占国,赵旭阳.基于GIS的土地利用动态变化与预测[J].首都师范大学学报,2002.
[17]刘闯.区域土地数量结构分析模型及其应用[J].中国土地科学,1989.
[18]陈彦光,刘继生.城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息墒到分维数[J].地理研究,2001.
[19]程晓宏.我国大城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].暨南大学硕士学位论文,2005.5.
[20]夏显力.我国城市土地集约化利用问题研究[D].西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[21]常显显,纪聪,杨凤海等.基于GIS和计量地理模型的双城市土地利用结构分析[J].能源与环境,2009,22:16-17.
[22]李亦秋,冯仲科,马俊吉.绵阳城市土地利用结构和形态演变及其动力机制[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(1):238-243.
[23]耿红,唐旭,马玲.基于信息熵的城市土地利用结构合理性分析[J].国土资源科技管理,2006,1,84-87.
[24]边学芳,吴群,刘玮娜.城市化与中国城市土地利用结构的相关分析[J].资源科学, 2005,3:73-77.
[25]钱小龙,管华,张国成等.徐州城市土地利用结构信息熵变化及驱动力分析[J].徐州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008,1:60-63.
[26]凌怡莹.城市土地利用结构及其演变的非线性研究[D].华东师范大学,2004.
[27]程晓宏.我国大城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].暨南大学,2005.
[28]徐士珺.郑州市城市土地利用结构优化研究[D].四川农业大学,2007.
[29]谭峻,朱敏,涂宁静.非线性规划法在城市土地利用结构优化中的应用研究.城市发展研究——2009城市发展与规划国际论坛论文集,2009年.
[30]曾钢,焦霄黎.信息熵与分形理论在城市土地利用结构合理性分析中的应用[J].科协论坛,2007年第4期(下):7-8.
[31][33]文洁;刘学录.基于改进TOPSIS方法的甘肃省土地利用结构合理性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):234-238.
[32]张占录;张正峰.土地利用规划学[M].中国人民出版社,2006,1-55.
[34]马洪.中国经济开发区投资管理指南[M].北京:中国统计出版社,1994.
[35]何兴刚.城市开发区的理论与实践[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1995.
[36]朴杉沃.New industrial districts in the developing countries:problem and strategies,Paper presented at the 4th CICEA.1-4 August.Beijing,1994.
[37]侯永庭,赵盛相,周振文.开发区建设新思路[M].北京:海洋出版社,1990.
[38]顾朝林,赵令勋.中国高新技术产业与园区[M].北京:中信出版社,1998.
[39]王慧.开发区与城市相互关系的内在机理及空间效应[J].城市规划,2003,27(3):20-25.
[40]夏春云,严金明.土地利用规划实施评价的指标体系构建[J].中国土地科学,2006,(4):19-23.
[41]周霞.开发区土地的集约利用与开发模式的选取[D].首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文, 2004.
[42]KooPm and TC,Beekman M J.Assignment Problems and the Loeation of Eeonomie Aetivities[J].Eeonometriea,1957,25.
[43]国土资源部.《开发区土地集约利用潜力评价规程(试行)》.2008年.