护理本科男生择业动机和人格特征的调查研究
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摘要
根据霍兰德“人格--工作适应理论”,人格与职业匹配将有助于个人聪明才智的发挥。男护士的人格特征是否与护理职业相匹配将影响他们在护理专业的适应程度,也影响他们选择护理专业的动机。护生是培养临床护士的前期阶段,为他们提供好的人格教育环境有助于他们良好职业人格的形成,继而促使他们树立正确的择业观,重新审视自己选择的职业。
目的:了解护理本科男生就读护理专业的原因及其人格特征;了解护理男生的人格类型是否与护理专业匹配;探讨人格与择业动机的关系。给护理教育者在职业人格培养和学生就业指导方面提供科学依据;同时为医院选拔男护士提供理论上的参考。
方法:调查山西省三所全日制在校护理本科一、二年级男生118名,年龄18-23岁,平均20.34±1.291岁。择业动机采用开放式提问、人格特征测量采用艾森克人格问卷(成人)(简称EPQ)和霍兰德职业兴趣测验(SDS)量表。剔除无效问卷12份,剔除L分≥15的问卷5份,有效问卷为101份,合格率为85.6%。全部数据应用SPSS13.0统计软件分析处理。分析方法包括:t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析、回归分析。
结果:①择业动机调查显示调剂者占39.6%,就业率高者为38.6%,喜欢护理专业的只占5.9%。表明,尽管这些年来医院对男护士的需求增加、病人对男护士的存在逐步理解、学校里护理男生数量增多,但学生愿意报考护理专业的人数仍然很少。②护理本科男生的职业兴趣以社会型居多,约占31.7%,企业型、研究型的次之均占19.8%,常规型最少只占3.0%,表明护理男生的人格类型与护理职业匹配,学生能很好地适应护理职业;不同年级男生在职业兴趣上的得分无差异。③护理本科男生的内外向、神经质、精神质分值高于常模。由于社会偏见的影响,不少男生不能正确看待自己所学的专业,由此产生心理困扰。④不同动机者之间E、P、N得分差别无统计学意义。⑤本研究中职业兴趣与人格特征之间有相关关系。⑥对职业兴趣得分有影响的因素为:内外向、动机为其他者;神经质和年龄的P值与0.05的检验水准接进。
结论:①就读护理专业的男生仍以调剂和就业率高者为主,护理男生的择业动机表现实用性。②护理男生的职业兴趣以社会型为主,与护理职业匹配。③护理本科男生总体上个性倾向于外向、但人格特征中神经质与精神质得分高于常模,需通过心理健康教育促使人格的完善。④外向性格是影响男生职业选择的重要因素。
According to Holland "the personality--work adaption theory", the personality and the occupation match will be helpful to individual intelligence and ability display. Whether the male nurse's personality characteristic and the occupation match will affect them to nurse the specialized adaption degree, also will affect them to choose nurses the specialized manner. Nursing students are the trained clinical nurse's preliminary stage, provides the good personality education environment for them to be helpful to their good professional personality formation, subsequently can urge the student to set up correct choosing profession view, recarefully examines the occupation which oneself chooses.
Objective: This research is for the purpose of through inspecting this community the choosing profession motive, the personality characteristic;The understanding the nursing male student the personality type whether with does match to the nurse occupation; Discussion personality and choosing profession motive relations. For nurses the education provides the scientific basis in the professional personality raise and the student career guidance aspect; Meanwhile selects the male nurse for the hospital to provide the theoretically basis.
Methods: This article has investigated Shanxi medical university、Shanxi institute of traditional Chinese medicine、Shanxi Fenyang college in the school undergraduate course one, second year nursing study male student 118, Age 18-23 year old, average 20.34±1.291 year old. The choosing profession motive uses the open style inquiry, the personality characteristic uses Eysenck Personality Questionaire(adult)(EPQ), and the Holland professional interest examination (SDS). Rejects invalid volume 12, reject for L minute≧ 15 volume 5, effectively asked the volume is 101, the qualified rate is 85.6%. The complete data applies SPSS13.0 statistics software analysis processing. The analysis method includes: t examination, single factor variance analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis.
Results:①The choosing profession motive investigation demonstrated filling a prescription accounts for 39.6%, easy to get the job is 38.6%, likes nursing specialized only accounts for 5.9%. Indicated, although these years hospital increases the demand to the male nurse, the patient gradually understand the male nurse's existence, in the nursing school the male student quantity to increase, but the student was willing to register for nurses the specialized population very to be still few.②The nursing male student's professional interest is in the majority by the society, approximately composes 31.7%, the enterprise, the research is next accounts for 19.8% few, the convention only accounts for 3.0%, Indicated, the personality type of the nursing male students match to the nurse occupation tally, the student can adapt well to the nurses occupation; In different grade nursing study male student's professional interest scoring points without difference.③Nursing study male student's inside and outside to, nervousness, a spiritual nature minute value is higher than often the mold. As a result of the social prejudice influence, many male students cannot correctly regard the specialty which oneself studies, from this has the psychological puzzle.④Different motive between E, P, N score points the difference no other statistics significance.⑤In this research between the professional interest and the personality characteristic has the correlation.⑥Scores points the influential factor to the professional interest is: Inside and outside to, the motive is other; Nervousness and the age P value meets with 0.05 examination standard.
Conclusion:①Undergraduate course nursing male students still filling a prescription and easy to get the job primarily.②Nurses the undergraduate course male student's professional interest tendency by society primarily, match to the nurse occupation.③In the nursing male student overall the individuality favors optimistically the extroversion, But in the personality characteristic nervousness and the spiritual nature score points is higher than often the mold, must urge the personality through the psychologically healthy education the consummation.④The extroverted disposition is the important influence to the occupation choice .
目的:了解护理本科男生就读护理专业的原因及其人格特征;了解护理男生的人格类型是否与护理专业匹配;探讨人格与择业动机的关系。给护理教育者在职业人格培养和学生就业指导方面提供科学依据;同时为医院选拔男护士提供理论上的参考。
方法:调查山西省三所全日制在校护理本科一、二年级男生118名,年龄18-23岁,平均20.34±1.291岁。择业动机采用开放式提问、人格特征测量采用艾森克人格问卷(成人)(简称EPQ)和霍兰德职业兴趣测验(SDS)量表。剔除无效问卷12份,剔除L分≥15的问卷5份,有效问卷为101份,合格率为85.6%。全部数据应用SPSS13.0统计软件分析处理。分析方法包括:t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析、回归分析。
结果:①择业动机调查显示调剂者占39.6%,就业率高者为38.6%,喜欢护理专业的只占5.9%。表明,尽管这些年来医院对男护士的需求增加、病人对男护士的存在逐步理解、学校里护理男生数量增多,但学生愿意报考护理专业的人数仍然很少。②护理本科男生的职业兴趣以社会型居多,约占31.7%,企业型、研究型的次之均占19.8%,常规型最少只占3.0%,表明护理男生的人格类型与护理职业匹配,学生能很好地适应护理职业;不同年级男生在职业兴趣上的得分无差异。③护理本科男生的内外向、神经质、精神质分值高于常模。由于社会偏见的影响,不少男生不能正确看待自己所学的专业,由此产生心理困扰。④不同动机者之间E、P、N得分差别无统计学意义。⑤本研究中职业兴趣与人格特征之间有相关关系。⑥对职业兴趣得分有影响的因素为:内外向、动机为其他者;神经质和年龄的P值与0.05的检验水准接进。
结论:①就读护理专业的男生仍以调剂和就业率高者为主,护理男生的择业动机表现实用性。②护理男生的职业兴趣以社会型为主,与护理职业匹配。③护理本科男生总体上个性倾向于外向、但人格特征中神经质与精神质得分高于常模,需通过心理健康教育促使人格的完善。④外向性格是影响男生职业选择的重要因素。
According to Holland "the personality--work adaption theory", the personality and the occupation match will be helpful to individual intelligence and ability display. Whether the male nurse's personality characteristic and the occupation match will affect them to nurse the specialized adaption degree, also will affect them to choose nurses the specialized manner. Nursing students are the trained clinical nurse's preliminary stage, provides the good personality education environment for them to be helpful to their good professional personality formation, subsequently can urge the student to set up correct choosing profession view, recarefully examines the occupation which oneself chooses.
Objective: This research is for the purpose of through inspecting this community the choosing profession motive, the personality characteristic;The understanding the nursing male student the personality type whether with does match to the nurse occupation; Discussion personality and choosing profession motive relations. For nurses the education provides the scientific basis in the professional personality raise and the student career guidance aspect; Meanwhile selects the male nurse for the hospital to provide the theoretically basis.
Methods: This article has investigated Shanxi medical university、Shanxi institute of traditional Chinese medicine、Shanxi Fenyang college in the school undergraduate course one, second year nursing study male student 118, Age 18-23 year old, average 20.34±1.291 year old. The choosing profession motive uses the open style inquiry, the personality characteristic uses Eysenck Personality Questionaire(adult)(EPQ), and the Holland professional interest examination (SDS). Rejects invalid volume 12, reject for L minute≧ 15 volume 5, effectively asked the volume is 101, the qualified rate is 85.6%. The complete data applies SPSS13.0 statistics software analysis processing. The analysis method includes: t examination, single factor variance analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis.
Results:①The choosing profession motive investigation demonstrated filling a prescription accounts for 39.6%, easy to get the job is 38.6%, likes nursing specialized only accounts for 5.9%. Indicated, although these years hospital increases the demand to the male nurse, the patient gradually understand the male nurse's existence, in the nursing school the male student quantity to increase, but the student was willing to register for nurses the specialized population very to be still few.②The nursing male student's professional interest is in the majority by the society, approximately composes 31.7%, the enterprise, the research is next accounts for 19.8% few, the convention only accounts for 3.0%, Indicated, the personality type of the nursing male students match to the nurse occupation tally, the student can adapt well to the nurses occupation; In different grade nursing study male student's professional interest scoring points without difference.③Nursing study male student's inside and outside to, nervousness, a spiritual nature minute value is higher than often the mold. As a result of the social prejudice influence, many male students cannot correctly regard the specialty which oneself studies, from this has the psychological puzzle.④Different motive between E, P, N score points the difference no other statistics significance.⑤In this research between the professional interest and the personality characteristic has the correlation.⑥Scores points the influential factor to the professional interest is: Inside and outside to, the motive is other; Nervousness and the age P value meets with 0.05 examination standard.
Conclusion:①Undergraduate course nursing male students still filling a prescription and easy to get the job primarily.②Nurses the undergraduate course male student's professional interest tendency by society primarily, match to the nurse occupation.③In the nursing male student overall the individuality favors optimistically the extroversion, But in the personality characteristic nervousness and the spiritual nature score points is higher than often the mold, must urge the personality through the psychologically healthy education the consummation.④The extroverted disposition is the important influence to the occupation choice .
引文
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