辽河断陷欧利坨子油田层序特征研究
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摘要
欧利坨子油田断裂发育,地质情况复杂,现已进入开发中后期高含水阶段。本文针对该区实际,以高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,根据钻井取心、测井、地震及生产开发动态等资料,对欧利坨子油田沙三段地层进行了层序地层分析,制定了一套适应于该区的层序地层对比方法。对比过程中,采用井—震结合、剖面对比与断块对比结合等方法,提高了层序地层对比的准确性。最终,沙三段内划分出1个长期基准面旋回,其内部划分出多个中期和短期旋回,建立了本区的高分辨率层序地层格架。并结合沉积和储层等方面的研究情况,根据基准面旋回不同部位的A/S的变化规律,建立起层序与沉积演化及不同基准面旋回内的储层变化的关系,并对基准面旋回与剩余油的关系进行了初步探讨,取得的认识主要有以下几个方面:
1.基准面旋回上升初期,A/S＜1,研究区内分流河道微相较为发育,且相对分布较为密集,前扇三角洲泥微相分布范围相对较小;砂体较为发育,储层物性相对较好。
2.基准面旋回上升中期,A/S≈1,分流河道分布较上升初期稀疏,间湾微相分布范围增大,前扇三角洲泥微相范围也增加。砂体一般发育,储层物性中等;
3.基准面旋回上升末期,A/S＞1,分流河道沉积范围较小,间湾微相相对发育,前扇三角洲泥微相分布范围最大。砂体发育较差,储层物性不好;
4.基准面下降半旋回与上升半旋回相反,初期A/S＞1变化到中期A/S≈1,再由A/S≈1变化到末期A/S＜1,沉积微相的演化、储层及砂体的变化规律特征也较为相似;
5.剩余油在储集空间的分布受控于基准面旋回的变化。含油气层段内长期基准面下降末期和上升初期,非均质性弱,易于动用,但因原始储量大,剩余油富集;长期基准面旋回下降初期和上升末期非均质性强,难于动用,但原始储量小,剩余油含量少。
The Oulituozi oilfield have complex geologic condition with growing faults and now in the intermediary and later stage of high water holdup. based on the data of drilling coring, well logging, seismic and develop of production and exploration, we make a approach to the matching of sequence for this region, by applying the theory of the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to the sequence analysis of the Oulituozi oilfield Sha 3 section. in the process of comparison, we adopt these methods: log and seismic combined, correlation of profile and fault-block comparison combined, and enhance the accuracy of the sequence and strata comparison. Finally, Sha 3 section is classified into 1 long-term base level cycles, and several middle time, and short time base-level cycles are also divided., the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic frame for the region is built. Based on change rule of different spots' A/S in base level cycles and research about deposition and reservoir, we receive the relation between the evolution of the sequence stratigraphy & deposition and reservoir's change in different base-level cycles, also we make s discussion about the relation between base-level cycle and surplus oil, and acquire some points below.
At the early stage of base-level cycle ascension, the value of A/S is less than 1. in the region of interest, distributary channel microfacies developes and distributes concentratedly; and the distribution range of pre-fan delta mud microfacies is relatively less, and sand body grows comparatively, and the physical property of reservoir is satisfactory.
At the middle period of base-level cycle ascension, the figure of A/S is 1 approximately. distributary channel distributes centrally, and the distribution range of distributary bar microfacies and pre-fan delta mud microfacies both broaden. sand body grows generally, the physical property of reservoir is moderate.
At the last stage of base-level cycle ascension, the figure of A/S is larger than 1 .the distribution range of distributary channel is relatively small, and distributary bar microfacies relatively develops, and the distribution range of pre-fan delta mud microfacies is the largest of all. sand body grows poorly, the physical property of reservoir is bad.
The decline hemicycle of base-level cycle is contrary to its ascend half cycle, and the value of A/S is larger than 1 firstly, and then reaches 1 approximately, and at last is less than 1. The evolution of micro-precipitation facie, and the character of the change of reservoir and sand body is much similar.
The distribution of the remaining oil in the reservoir is controlled by the base-level cycle. In the hydrocarbon bearing section, the inhomogeneity at the end of the long time base-level cycle descent and at the early stage of the long time base-level cycle ascension is poor, and is easy to developed, but the reserve volume is great, with the result that the remaining oil is enrichment; the inhomogeneity at the early stage of the long time base-level cycle descent and at the last stage of it's ascension is strong, and is hard to developed, but the reserve volume is small, with the result that the remaining oil is distribute dispersely.
1.基准面旋回上升初期,A/S＜1,研究区内分流河道微相较为发育,且相对分布较为密集,前扇三角洲泥微相分布范围相对较小;砂体较为发育,储层物性相对较好。
2.基准面旋回上升中期,A/S≈1,分流河道分布较上升初期稀疏,间湾微相分布范围增大,前扇三角洲泥微相范围也增加。砂体一般发育,储层物性中等;
3.基准面旋回上升末期,A/S＞1,分流河道沉积范围较小,间湾微相相对发育,前扇三角洲泥微相分布范围最大。砂体发育较差,储层物性不好;
4.基准面下降半旋回与上升半旋回相反,初期A/S＞1变化到中期A/S≈1,再由A/S≈1变化到末期A/S＜1,沉积微相的演化、储层及砂体的变化规律特征也较为相似;
5.剩余油在储集空间的分布受控于基准面旋回的变化。含油气层段内长期基准面下降末期和上升初期,非均质性弱,易于动用,但因原始储量大,剩余油富集;长期基准面旋回下降初期和上升末期非均质性强,难于动用,但原始储量小,剩余油含量少。
The Oulituozi oilfield have complex geologic condition with growing faults and now in the intermediary and later stage of high water holdup. based on the data of drilling coring, well logging, seismic and develop of production and exploration, we make a approach to the matching of sequence for this region, by applying the theory of the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to the sequence analysis of the Oulituozi oilfield Sha 3 section. in the process of comparison, we adopt these methods: log and seismic combined, correlation of profile and fault-block comparison combined, and enhance the accuracy of the sequence and strata comparison. Finally, Sha 3 section is classified into 1 long-term base level cycles, and several middle time, and short time base-level cycles are also divided., the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic frame for the region is built. Based on change rule of different spots' A/S in base level cycles and research about deposition and reservoir, we receive the relation between the evolution of the sequence stratigraphy & deposition and reservoir's change in different base-level cycles, also we make s discussion about the relation between base-level cycle and surplus oil, and acquire some points below.
At the early stage of base-level cycle ascension, the value of A/S is less than 1. in the region of interest, distributary channel microfacies developes and distributes concentratedly; and the distribution range of pre-fan delta mud microfacies is relatively less, and sand body grows comparatively, and the physical property of reservoir is satisfactory.
At the middle period of base-level cycle ascension, the figure of A/S is 1 approximately. distributary channel distributes centrally, and the distribution range of distributary bar microfacies and pre-fan delta mud microfacies both broaden. sand body grows generally, the physical property of reservoir is moderate.
At the last stage of base-level cycle ascension, the figure of A/S is larger than 1 .the distribution range of distributary channel is relatively small, and distributary bar microfacies relatively develops, and the distribution range of pre-fan delta mud microfacies is the largest of all. sand body grows poorly, the physical property of reservoir is bad.
The decline hemicycle of base-level cycle is contrary to its ascend half cycle, and the value of A/S is larger than 1 firstly, and then reaches 1 approximately, and at last is less than 1. The evolution of micro-precipitation facie, and the character of the change of reservoir and sand body is much similar.
The distribution of the remaining oil in the reservoir is controlled by the base-level cycle. In the hydrocarbon bearing section, the inhomogeneity at the end of the long time base-level cycle descent and at the early stage of the long time base-level cycle ascension is poor, and is easy to developed, but the reserve volume is great, with the result that the remaining oil is enrichment; the inhomogeneity at the early stage of the long time base-level cycle descent and at the last stage of it's ascension is strong, and is hard to developed, but the reserve volume is small, with the result that the remaining oil is distribute dispersely.
引文
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[2]H.W.Posamentier and R.D.Erskine.O Seismic expression and recognition criteria of ancient submarine fans.In:Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Modern and Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems(ed.by P.Weimer and M.H.Link).Springer-Verlag,New York,1991,pp.197-222.
[3]G.Dam,F.Surlyk..Cyclic sedimentation in a large wave and storm-dominated anoxic lake;Kap Stewart Formation(Rhaethian-Sinemurian),ameson Land,East Greenland.In:Posamentier H.W,Summerhayes C.P.Haq B.U,Allen G.P(eds) Sequence stratigraphy and facies associations.Int Assoc Sediment Spec Pual(Blackwell).1993,18:419-448.
[4]J.C.Van Wagoner,G.T.Bertram(Eds.).Sequence Stratigraphy of Foreland Basin Deposits,vol.64.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.1995,487pp.
[5]李思田,潘元林,陆永潮等.断陷湖盆隐蔽油藏预测及勘探的关键技术-高精度地震探测基础上的层序地层学研究[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):592-597.
[6]纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.1-83.
[7]Cross,T.A.High-resolutions stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base levelcycles and sediment accommodations.1994
[8]Cross,T.A,Baker,M.R.Chapin,M.A.et al.Applications of high-resolution sequencestratigraphy to reservoir analysis,in R.Eschard and B.Doligez,Subsurface reservoircharacterization from outcrop observation,proceedings of the 7th Exploration and production research conference.1993.11-33.
[9]解习农,李思田.陆相盆地层序地层研究特点.地质科技情报,1993(12).
[10]徐怀大,肖庆辉等著.层序地层学:当代地质科学前沿--我国今后值得重视的前沿研究领域,中国地质大学出版社,1993:P42 9-433.
[11]侯明才,陈洪德,田景春.层序地层学的研究进展[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3):128-134.
[12]薛良清.层序地层学研究现状、方法与前景[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(5):8-13.
[13]P.R.Vail,J.B.Sangree著.应用层序地层学[M].张宏逵等译.东营:石油大学出版社,1991.17-27.
[14]郝黎明,龙义.基于层序地层格架的有机相研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(4):60-64.
[15]王嗣敏,刘招君.基准面与可容空间变化分析及应用[J].世界地质,2001,20(1):1-7.
[16]李江涛,李增学,郭建斌等.高分辨率层序地层分析中基准面变化的讨论[J].沉积 学报,2005,23(2):297-302.
[17]倪新锋,陈洪德,田景春等.陆相层序地层学理论体系及其发展趋势[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2002,22(4):35-43.
[18]纪友亮,张世奇,张宏等.层序地层原理及层序成因机制模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.1-116.
[19]邓宏文.美国层序研究中的新学派-高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(2):89-97.
[20]孟万斌.从层序地层学到高分辨率层序地层学[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(4):380-385.
[21]邓宏文,王洪亮,宁宁.沉积物体积分配原理-高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):305-313.
[22]Posamentier H,Vail P R.Eustatic controls on elastic deposition IIsequence and systemtract models[A].Sea-level Changes:an Integrated Approach[C].Society of EconomicPaleontologists and Mineralogists,Special Publication,SEPM,1988,42:109-124.
[23]Keith W.Shanley and Peter J.Mcabe,Perspective on the sequence stratigraphy ofcontinental strata,AAPq 1994,78(4):544-568.
[24]Paul Weimer and Henry W.Posamentier,Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy:recentdevelop Ments.AAPG Memoir 58.1993.
[25]威尔格斯CK.层序地层学原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992,44-450.
[26]王卫红,姜在兴,操应长等.测井曲线识别层序边界的方法探讨[J].西南石油学院学报,2003,25(3):1-4.
[27]邓宏文,王洪亮,祝永军,Timothy A.Cross.高分辨率层序地层学-原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.4-24.
[28]华东石油学院岩矿教研室编.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981.14-32.
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