移动终端中间件平台核心层关键技术研究及实现
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摘要
中间件技术近几年取得极大地发展,不仅成为产业界开发分布系统的首选,也吸引了学术界众多研究。随着应用普及和研究深入,以及互联网的高速发展,中间件技术主要呈现三方面趋势:首先,中间件越来越多向传统运行层渗透,提供更强运行支撑。其次,应用软件需要机制越来越多由中间件提供。最后,中间件也开始考虑对高层设计和应用部署等开发工作支持。
论文重点研究整个中间件体系结构中核心层的关键技术,提出一种内存请求预先管理和动态内存分配与回收算法结合的动态内存空间分配算法,在减少内存分配耗时的同时有效提高内存利用率,从而使得嵌入式实时操作系统对内存管理提出的可靠性、实时性和高效性的要求得到满足。对目标模块下载策略进行深入分析,提出一种基于云计算的资源下载模型,对Hadoop平台中的HDFS文件系统下载过程作出改进,根据其工作流程特点,设计出一种优化后的文件下载策略。该方法采用多线程的下载策略,使得文件下载速度得到显著提升。对基于Java的动态加载方式、Windows动态链接库原理和嵌入式Linux动态加载方式进行了深入研究,并提出先进的动态加载系统。方与法传统的动态加载方式相比,其在加载速度上具有明显优势。在现有的嵌入式硬件平台上用,采Nucleus实时操作系统和C语言,完成了平台程序的调试,实现目标模块的下载和加载过程。
综上所述,本文围绕嵌入式操作系统的动态内存管理问题,目标模块的下载问题和模块的动态加载问题进行深入细致的研究,并提出相应的算法或解决方法,最终通过硬件平台验证性能。
Middleware technologies has achieved great development in recent years,not only becomeindustry's preferred choice to develop distributed system,but also attracted a large number ofacademics.With the popularization of application ,as well as the rapid development ofInternet,Middleware technology is characterized by three trends:Firstly,middleware pentrates tothe traditional run layer,provide more powerful run support.Secondly,middleware provide moreand more mechanisms for applications.Finally,middleware also began to consider providedevelopment support for high-level design and application deployment.
Paper focuses on the key technologies of mobile terminal middleware platform core layer,amemory request management in advance combined with dynamic memory allocation andrecovery algorithm is proposed, it reduces time-consuming and improves the memoryutilization effectively, and it meets the requirement of reliability、real-time and efficiency tomemory management for embedded real-time operating system. A resource download modelbased on cloud calculation is proposed,optimize the download process of HDFS on Hadoopplatform,download strategy is designed according to its workflow features.Using multi-threadeddownload strategy,the file downloaded speed is significantly improved comparing with the wayof HDFS. Through depth research of dynamic loading principles of Java、Windows dll andLinux,more advanced method of dynamic loading system is proposed.Comparing with thetraditional dynamic loading method,it has obvious advantages in speed. Download and loadprocess of target module is realized using C language under Nucleus OS on existing embeddedhardware platform,by which program debug is finished.
To sum up,this theis rounds dynamic memory management of embedded operatingsystem,implementaion of download object module and module dynamicly loadingmechanism,and the corresponding algorithm or solution is proposed,which were validated onhardware platform.
论文重点研究整个中间件体系结构中核心层的关键技术,提出一种内存请求预先管理和动态内存分配与回收算法结合的动态内存空间分配算法,在减少内存分配耗时的同时有效提高内存利用率,从而使得嵌入式实时操作系统对内存管理提出的可靠性、实时性和高效性的要求得到满足。对目标模块下载策略进行深入分析,提出一种基于云计算的资源下载模型,对Hadoop平台中的HDFS文件系统下载过程作出改进,根据其工作流程特点,设计出一种优化后的文件下载策略。该方法采用多线程的下载策略,使得文件下载速度得到显著提升。对基于Java的动态加载方式、Windows动态链接库原理和嵌入式Linux动态加载方式进行了深入研究,并提出先进的动态加载系统。方与法传统的动态加载方式相比,其在加载速度上具有明显优势。在现有的嵌入式硬件平台上用,采Nucleus实时操作系统和C语言,完成了平台程序的调试,实现目标模块的下载和加载过程。
综上所述,本文围绕嵌入式操作系统的动态内存管理问题,目标模块的下载问题和模块的动态加载问题进行深入细致的研究,并提出相应的算法或解决方法,最终通过硬件平台验证性能。
Middleware technologies has achieved great development in recent years,not only becomeindustry's preferred choice to develop distributed system,but also attracted a large number ofacademics.With the popularization of application ,as well as the rapid development ofInternet,Middleware technology is characterized by three trends:Firstly,middleware pentrates tothe traditional run layer,provide more powerful run support.Secondly,middleware provide moreand more mechanisms for applications.Finally,middleware also began to consider providedevelopment support for high-level design and application deployment.
Paper focuses on the key technologies of mobile terminal middleware platform core layer,amemory request management in advance combined with dynamic memory allocation andrecovery algorithm is proposed, it reduces time-consuming and improves the memoryutilization effectively, and it meets the requirement of reliability、real-time and efficiency tomemory management for embedded real-time operating system. A resource download modelbased on cloud calculation is proposed,optimize the download process of HDFS on Hadoopplatform,download strategy is designed according to its workflow features.Using multi-threadeddownload strategy,the file downloaded speed is significantly improved comparing with the wayof HDFS. Through depth research of dynamic loading principles of Java、Windows dll andLinux,more advanced method of dynamic loading system is proposed.Comparing with thetraditional dynamic loading method,it has obvious advantages in speed. Download and loadprocess of target module is realized using C language under Nucleus OS on existing embeddedhardware platform,by which program debug is finished.
To sum up,this theis rounds dynamic memory management of embedded operatingsystem,implementaion of download object module and module dynamicly loadingmechanism,and the corresponding algorithm or solution is proposed,which were validated onhardware platform.
引文
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[5]毛得操，胡希明.嵌入式系统[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社,2003.
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[7]张大波,吴迪,郝军.嵌入式系统原理、设计与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[8]罗蕾.嵌入式实时操作系统与应用开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[9]李岩,荣盘祥.基于S3C44BOX嵌入式uCLinux系统原理及应用[M].北京:清华大学出社,2005.
[10]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解-基于S3C4510B的系统设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
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[14]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[15]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[16]侯捷译.内存受限系统之软件开发:针对内存受限系统而整理的模式[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2003.
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[18]吴青平,刘明业.动态内存适用原则与技巧[J].兵工自动化.1999,3:53-55.
[19]汪建新.RTOS中内存管理机制的设计与实现[D].浙江:浙江大学硕士毕业论文,2005.
[20]王珊,肖艳芹,刘大为,等.内存数据库关键技术研究[J].计算机应用,2007,27(10):2353-2357.
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[22] X.Jun ming.Topological Structure and Analysis of InterconnectionNetworks[M].Netherland:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2001.
[23] Sanjay Ghemawat,Howard Gobioff,Shun-Tak Leung.The Google FileSystem[J].2003,12(5):22-24.
[24]陈国良.并行算法的设计与分析[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002.
[25] IanFoster,Carl Kesselman.网格计算[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[26]史美林,姜进磊,孙瑞志,向勇(译).云计算[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[27]王鹏.走进云计算[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009.
[28]卢凯.高性能计算机并行文件系统[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2005.
[29]张军.分布式系统技术内幕[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2006.
[30] Calvin Lin and Lawrence Snyder.并行程序设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[31]金新宝.嵌入式Java虚拟机的研究与实践[D].成都：电子科技大学，2004.
[32]张军.分布式系统技术内幕[M].北京：首都经济贸易大学出版社,2006.
[33]杨伟，罗蕾.嵌入式系统中的模块动态加载技术[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用，2005,24(11):8-10.
[34]程步奇，尹宝林.可动态扩展的嵌入式操作系统[J].小型微型计算机系统,2003，24(2):216-219.
[35]赖茜.嵌入式操作系统面向行业应用扩展技术的研究和实现[D].成都：电子科技大学,2004.
[36]张墩华,刘建.Java动态类加载机制及其应用[J].计算机工程与设计,2004,25(3):432-435.
[37]章琛曦,陈耀武.基于计算机网络的嵌入式系统监控软件远程加载方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2001,22(4):341-342.
[38]何幸杰,彭维.基于ARM7的在线升级系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用,2006,(3):55-57.
[39]左天军,朱智林,韩俊刚等.JAVA动态类加载分析[J].计算机科学,2005,32(4):194-196.
[40]王龙风,王志波.动态链接技术应用于传输设备软件升级的改进[J].现代有线传输,2005,32(4):82-85.
[41]杨达亮,陈军灵,张力成.DSP系统软件在线升级机制的研究和实现[J].电测与仪表,2006,4(1):60-62.
[42]夏玉春.嵌入式软件夹在技术研究[D].成都：电子科技大学,2003.
[43]何先波,唐宁九,吕方等.ELF文件格式及应用[J].计算机应用研究,2001,(11):144-145.
[44]刘云生,吴飞.一种改进的嵌入式实时OS消息机制[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,13:105-107.
[45]张和君,张跃.Linux动态链接机制研究及应用[J].计算机工程,2006,32(11):64-66.
[46]吴君钦,谢斌,任克强.ARM嵌入式系统中终端向量表的动态配置.技术纵横，2004,12.
[47] Buck B, Hollingsworth JK. An API for runtime code patching[J].InternationalJournal of High Performance Computing Application,2000,14:317-329.
[48] John R, Levine. Linkers and Loaders[M]. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,2000.
[49] Beazley D M,Ward B D,Cooke L R.The Inside Story On Shared Libraries AndDynamic Loading[J].Computing in Science&Engineering,2001,3:90-97.
[50] Vandewoude Y, Berbers Y.Run-time Evolution for Embedded Component-OrientedSystems[J].ICSM,2002,12:242-245.
[51] Iulian N,Michael H,Gareth S,et al. Practical Dynamic Software Updating forC[J].PLDI,2006,41:72-83.
[52] A.Craig, J.Appavoo,K.Hui. System Support for OnlineReconfiguration[J].Proceedings of the USENIX Technical Conference,2003,4:141-154.
[53] Hicks M, Moore JT, Scott N.Dynamic Software Updating. ACM Transactions onProgramming Languages and Systems[J].2005,27(6):1049-1096.
[54]何峰赋.浅谈J2ME技术在移动信息终端上的应用[J].中国科技信息,2006,(22):120-121.
[55] Hitesh Raj Bhagat. Everything about Smartphones[J].LivingDigital,2007,12(5):22-24.
[56] Dan Hanttula. Free Windows Mobile Utilities[J].Pocket PC,2007,10(4):43-44.
[57] Nick Langley. Symbian developers are well placed to benefit from smartphoneboom[J].Computer Weekly,2007,1(13):34.
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[2]郭长国,王怀民,邹鹏等.实时中间件的研究实现[J].电子学报,2002,30(12):2094-2098.
[3]周兴丰.一种嵌入式实时中间件的设计与实现[D].广州：广东工业大学,2006.
[4]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[5]毛得操，胡希明.嵌入式系统[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社,2003.
[6]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[7]张大波,吴迪,郝军.嵌入式系统原理、设计与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[8]罗蕾.嵌入式实时操作系统与应用开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[9]李岩,荣盘祥.基于S3C44BOX嵌入式uCLinux系统原理及应用[M].北京:清华大学出社,2005.
[10]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解-基于S3C4510B的系统设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[11]马忠梅,李善平,慷慨.ARM & Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出社,2004.
[12]王学龙.嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[13]纪纯杰，贺晓熊.Linux内核源代码情景分析[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社,2003.
[14]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[15]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[16]侯捷译.内存受限系统之软件开发:针对内存受限系统而整理的模式[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2003.
[17]倪西钧,汤可夫,吴大为.一个应用与动态内存管理算法中的数据结构[J].兰州理工大学学报,2004,30(16):91 - 92.
[18]吴青平,刘明业.动态内存适用原则与技巧[J].兵工自动化.1999,3:53-55.
[19]汪建新.RTOS中内存管理机制的设计与实现[D].浙江:浙江大学硕士毕业论文,2005.
[20]王珊,肖艳芹,刘大为,等.内存数据库关键技术研究[J].计算机应用,2007,27(10):2353-2357.
[21] Derke Atkins.Internet security professional Referenee[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1998.
[22] X.Jun ming.Topological Structure and Analysis of InterconnectionNetworks[M].Netherland:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2001.
[23] Sanjay Ghemawat,Howard Gobioff,Shun-Tak Leung.The Google FileSystem[J].2003,12(5):22-24.
[24]陈国良.并行算法的设计与分析[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002.
[25] IanFoster,Carl Kesselman.网格计算[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[26]史美林,姜进磊,孙瑞志,向勇(译).云计算[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[27]王鹏.走进云计算[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009.
[28]卢凯.高性能计算机并行文件系统[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2005.
[29]张军.分布式系统技术内幕[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2006.
[30] Calvin Lin and Lawrence Snyder.并行程序设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[31]金新宝.嵌入式Java虚拟机的研究与实践[D].成都：电子科技大学，2004.
[32]张军.分布式系统技术内幕[M].北京：首都经济贸易大学出版社,2006.
[33]杨伟，罗蕾.嵌入式系统中的模块动态加载技术[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用，2005,24(11):8-10.
[34]程步奇，尹宝林.可动态扩展的嵌入式操作系统[J].小型微型计算机系统,2003，24(2):216-219.
[35]赖茜.嵌入式操作系统面向行业应用扩展技术的研究和实现[D].成都：电子科技大学,2004.
[36]张墩华,刘建.Java动态类加载机制及其应用[J].计算机工程与设计,2004,25(3):432-435.
[37]章琛曦,陈耀武.基于计算机网络的嵌入式系统监控软件远程加载方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2001,22(4):341-342.
[38]何幸杰,彭维.基于ARM7的在线升级系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用,2006,(3):55-57.
[39]左天军,朱智林,韩俊刚等.JAVA动态类加载分析[J].计算机科学,2005,32(4):194-196.
[40]王龙风,王志波.动态链接技术应用于传输设备软件升级的改进[J].现代有线传输,2005,32(4):82-85.
[41]杨达亮,陈军灵,张力成.DSP系统软件在线升级机制的研究和实现[J].电测与仪表,2006,4(1):60-62.
[42]夏玉春.嵌入式软件夹在技术研究[D].成都：电子科技大学,2003.
[43]何先波,唐宁九,吕方等.ELF文件格式及应用[J].计算机应用研究,2001,(11):144-145.
[44]刘云生,吴飞.一种改进的嵌入式实时OS消息机制[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,13:105-107.
[45]张和君,张跃.Linux动态链接机制研究及应用[J].计算机工程,2006,32(11):64-66.
[46]吴君钦,谢斌,任克强.ARM嵌入式系统中终端向量表的动态配置.技术纵横，2004,12.
[47] Buck B, Hollingsworth JK. An API for runtime code patching[J].InternationalJournal of High Performance Computing Application,2000,14:317-329.
[48] John R, Levine. Linkers and Loaders[M]. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,2000.
[49] Beazley D M,Ward B D,Cooke L R.The Inside Story On Shared Libraries AndDynamic Loading[J].Computing in Science&Engineering,2001,3:90-97.
[50] Vandewoude Y, Berbers Y.Run-time Evolution for Embedded Component-OrientedSystems[J].ICSM,2002,12:242-245.
[51] Iulian N,Michael H,Gareth S,et al. Practical Dynamic Software Updating forC[J].PLDI,2006,41:72-83.
[52] A.Craig, J.Appavoo,K.Hui. System Support for OnlineReconfiguration[J].Proceedings of the USENIX Technical Conference,2003,4:141-154.
[53] Hicks M, Moore JT, Scott N.Dynamic Software Updating. ACM Transactions onProgramming Languages and Systems[J].2005,27(6):1049-1096.
[54]何峰赋.浅谈J2ME技术在移动信息终端上的应用[J].中国科技信息,2006,(22):120-121.
[55] Hitesh Raj Bhagat. Everything about Smartphones[J].LivingDigital,2007,12(5):22-24.
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