复合式膜生物反应器脱氮及剩余污泥磷回收试验研究
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摘要
膜生物反应器工艺因为具有处理效率高,占地面积小,剩余污泥产量少等诸多优点一直是近年来的研究热点。而膜生物反应器普遍存在着除磷效果差的问题,针对此问题以及为了更好的回收利用水中的磷元素提出了“污泥外循环复合式膜生物反应器同步脱氮回收磷工艺”。本文将重点对复合式膜生物反应器中各种设计参数对脱氮效果的影响及以磷酸铵镁形态回收磷的效果进行分析和探讨。
试验首先考察了复合式膜生物反应器(HMBR)内溶解氧(DO)浓度及碳氮比(C/N)对处理效果及同步硝化反硝化作用的影响。
考察DO对出水效果的影响时发现,当反应器内的DO浓度从1mg/L到6mg/L变化时,出水的COD没有明显变化,去除率均可达到90%左右。DO浓度在2mg/L到6mg/L之间时,氨氮的处理效果也没有明显改变,基本保持在90%以上,可见DO在2mg/L以上时均可以认为是供氧充足,可以满足硝化菌对氨氮的降解需要。而当DO下降到1mg/L时,氨氮的去除率明显下降,平均去除率仅为75.6%。出水硝态氮主要以NO3-N形态存在,并且随着DO浓度的降低而降低。出水总氮(TN)受氨氮和硝态氮两方面影响,在DO浓度为2mg/L时处理效果最佳。综合得到HMBR反应器内最佳DO浓度为2mg/L。
考察C/N对出水效果的影响时发现,出水COD受C/N的影响不大。当C/N从5提高到20的过程中,随C/N的提高氨氮及总氮的处理效果逐渐增加,当C/N达到20时处理效果最好,分别为92.0%和73.2%,当C/N上升到30时,由于氨氮浓度过低导致处理效果有所下降。综合考虑各处理因素得到HMBR反应器内最佳C/N为20。
在磷回收的装置性实验中首先通过静态试验考察了不同反应时间的除磷效果,得到在反应时间为20min时磷回收率最高。进而计算出理论上的最佳进水流速,以此为基础进行连续性进水实验,得到最佳的进水负荷为30L/h。同时通过试验比较得出,以磷酸铵镁形式回收磷的连续性实验中合理的[NH3-N]:[P]应在4:1~6:1之间。
Many researches focus on Membrane bioreactor technology because it has lots of virtues such as high efficiency, small footprint, and low excess sludge production and so on. But Membrane bioreactor is always poor in phosphorus removal, this paper proposed ERP-HMBR (External Recycle of Activated Sludge Processes- Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor) in order to better recycle of phosphorus. This paper analyzed and discussed the influences of different parameters on the removal effects and the research on recycling phosphorus in the form of magnesium ammonium phosphate.
First, this paper analyzed the influences of the concentration of DO and C/N on the removal effects and SND by Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor.
The removal effect of COD was around 90%, and did not change much when the concentration of DO is from 1mg / L to 6mg / L; the removal effects of ammonia was above 90%, and did not change much when the concentration of DO is from 2mg / L to 6mg / L , which can conclude that the oxygen was abundance that it can satisfy the need of nitrification bacteria on the degradation of ammonia when the concentration of DO is above 2mg / L. When the concentration of DO is below 1mg / L, the removal rate of ammonia declined obviously to only 75.6%. The concentration of NO3-N declined as the lower of DO the TN was influenced by NH3-N and NOX-N, and the best removal effect was got when the concentration of DO is 2mg / L. In a word, the best concentration of DO in the Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor is 2mg / L.
The removal effect of COD was not influenced too much by C/N. when C/N is changed from 5 to 20, the removal effects of NH3-N and TN is increasing, and the best removal effect of NH3-N and TN were respectively 92.0% and 73.2% when C/N is 20. When C/N was increased to 30, the removal effects descended due to the decreasing of NH3-N. So the best C/N in the Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor is 20.
Analysis the removal effects of Phosphorus in different time by static test in Phosphorus recovery experimental device. The result showed that the highest recovery rate of Phosphorus was attained in 20min, and calculated the Theory flow rate Based on the calculated best flow rate ,the continue experimental Showed that the best load of flow is 30L/h. The experimental results also showed that reasonable [NH3-N]:[P] for Phosphorus recovery is between 4:1~6:1.
试验首先考察了复合式膜生物反应器(HMBR)内溶解氧(DO)浓度及碳氮比(C/N)对处理效果及同步硝化反硝化作用的影响。
考察DO对出水效果的影响时发现,当反应器内的DO浓度从1mg/L到6mg/L变化时,出水的COD没有明显变化,去除率均可达到90%左右。DO浓度在2mg/L到6mg/L之间时,氨氮的处理效果也没有明显改变,基本保持在90%以上,可见DO在2mg/L以上时均可以认为是供氧充足,可以满足硝化菌对氨氮的降解需要。而当DO下降到1mg/L时,氨氮的去除率明显下降,平均去除率仅为75.6%。出水硝态氮主要以NO3-N形态存在,并且随着DO浓度的降低而降低。出水总氮(TN)受氨氮和硝态氮两方面影响,在DO浓度为2mg/L时处理效果最佳。综合得到HMBR反应器内最佳DO浓度为2mg/L。
考察C/N对出水效果的影响时发现,出水COD受C/N的影响不大。当C/N从5提高到20的过程中,随C/N的提高氨氮及总氮的处理效果逐渐增加,当C/N达到20时处理效果最好,分别为92.0%和73.2%,当C/N上升到30时,由于氨氮浓度过低导致处理效果有所下降。综合考虑各处理因素得到HMBR反应器内最佳C/N为20。
在磷回收的装置性实验中首先通过静态试验考察了不同反应时间的除磷效果,得到在反应时间为20min时磷回收率最高。进而计算出理论上的最佳进水流速,以此为基础进行连续性进水实验,得到最佳的进水负荷为30L/h。同时通过试验比较得出,以磷酸铵镁形式回收磷的连续性实验中合理的[NH3-N]:[P]应在4:1~6:1之间。
Many researches focus on Membrane bioreactor technology because it has lots of virtues such as high efficiency, small footprint, and low excess sludge production and so on. But Membrane bioreactor is always poor in phosphorus removal, this paper proposed ERP-HMBR (External Recycle of Activated Sludge Processes- Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor) in order to better recycle of phosphorus. This paper analyzed and discussed the influences of different parameters on the removal effects and the research on recycling phosphorus in the form of magnesium ammonium phosphate.
First, this paper analyzed the influences of the concentration of DO and C/N on the removal effects and SND by Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor.
The removal effect of COD was around 90%, and did not change much when the concentration of DO is from 1mg / L to 6mg / L; the removal effects of ammonia was above 90%, and did not change much when the concentration of DO is from 2mg / L to 6mg / L , which can conclude that the oxygen was abundance that it can satisfy the need of nitrification bacteria on the degradation of ammonia when the concentration of DO is above 2mg / L. When the concentration of DO is below 1mg / L, the removal rate of ammonia declined obviously to only 75.6%. The concentration of NO3-N declined as the lower of DO the TN was influenced by NH3-N and NOX-N, and the best removal effect was got when the concentration of DO is 2mg / L. In a word, the best concentration of DO in the Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor is 2mg / L.
The removal effect of COD was not influenced too much by C/N. when C/N is changed from 5 to 20, the removal effects of NH3-N and TN is increasing, and the best removal effect of NH3-N and TN were respectively 92.0% and 73.2% when C/N is 20. When C/N was increased to 30, the removal effects descended due to the decreasing of NH3-N. So the best C/N in the Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor is 20.
Analysis the removal effects of Phosphorus in different time by static test in Phosphorus recovery experimental device. The result showed that the highest recovery rate of Phosphorus was attained in 20min, and calculated the Theory flow rate Based on the calculated best flow rate ,the continue experimental Showed that the best load of flow is 30L/h. The experimental results also showed that reasonable [NH3-N]:[P] for Phosphorus recovery is between 4:1~6:1.
引文
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5 Cote P., Thompson D. Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane: the North American Experience. Wat. Sci. Tech. 2000, 41(10-11):209~215
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