厌氧氨氧化—短程硝化联合系统处理猪场废水研究
摘要
目前,畜牧养殖业逐渐朝着规模化、集约化迅速发展,随之产生的环境污染问题也日益严重。猪场废水的处理工艺众多,但大多都难以达到满意的处理结果。厌氧氨氧化和短程硝化作为新型的猪场废水处理工艺,有着氨氮的去除效果好、运行成本低、反应速率快等优点。本文在总结和分析前人的研究基础上,着重研究了带外循环加填料的厌氧反应器UASBB和传统UASB中厌氧氨氧化的影响条件,并针对厌氧氨氧化-短程硝化联合工艺存在的问题,在不同曝气条件下,观察系统的去除率变化。实验结果如下：
(1)对于单独厌氧氨氧化装置,通过实验室已有的UASBB和UASB装置对厌氧氨氧化的持续运行,UASBB和UASB反应器对COD的去除均较好,氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率保持50%以上。UASBB反应器的去除效果稍好于UASB反应器。
当温度控制在35±1℃时,UASBB中对氨氮的去除率可达52.61%-60.88%,对亚硝态氮的去除率可达53.88%-58.98%。而当温度在25±1℃、30±1℃和40±1℃时,UASBB对氨氮的最高去除率分别为31.63%、46.27%和47.48%,对亚硝态氮的最高去除率分别为41.35%、44.33%和47.94%。总体来说,35±1℃时去除率最佳。
pH为7.5～8.5时,UASBB中厌氧氨氧化的反应最为适宜,pH为8.0左右时,厌氧氨氧化的去除效果最佳,对氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率可达57.99%和58.98%。pH为7.5以下和8.5以上时,厌氧氨氧化的活性稍差。另外,实验中发现外循环加填料式的UASBB对pH的适应能力比UASB强。
在温度为35℃、pH为8.0左右时,UASB调节HRT为36h时,氨氮和亚硝态氮去除率接近60%。UASBB调节HRT为24h时,氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率接近60%。说明外循环式加填料的UASBB装置的容积负荷更好,所需的水力停留时间更短。另外,厌氧氨氧化反应器中的HRT不宜过低。
当基质比(NO2--N/NH4+-N)为1.1～1.3时,UASBB中厌氧氨氧化的效果最佳。氨氮的最高去除率可达67.17%,而亚硝态氮的最高去除率可达62.2%。
(2)对于厌氧氨氧化-短程硝化联合系统装置,采用UASBB-生物接触氧化池的方法。在温度为35±1℃、pH为8.0左右、回流比取300%的情况下,当曝气量为200mL/min时,UASBB中氨氮的出水含量开始减少,去除率为5%-21%,联合系统的总去除率为85%-94%。而曝气量为150mL/min和250mL/min时,UASBB反应器和系统对氨氮的去除率都严重下降。
Livestock and Poultry Industry is gradually developing to the direction of large-scale and Intensification. At the same time, the environmental pollution problems are worsening. Today there are many treatment processes for swine wastewater treatment. But most of them are difficult to be satisfied. As a new process of swine wastewater treatment, Anammox and Sharon system has many advantages. For example, the ammonia removal is well, processing cost is low. In this paper, first of all, according to summary and study before, this paper have studied the effect of anammox in UASBB reactor. Then according to the problems of Anammox and Sharon system, observed and analysised of the change of removal rate in system under different conditions of aeration, The experimental results are as follows:
(1) For the anammox reactor, UASBB and UASB reactor have been existing in laboratory. The result shows the removal of COD is high, and the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N is kept above50%. On the other hand, the removal of pollutants in UASBB is slightly better than that in UASB.
When the temperature is controlled in35±1℃, the removal of NH4+-N which it's in UASBB is kept at the range of52.61%-60.88%, and the removal of NO2--N is kept at the range of53.88%-58.98%.When the temperature is controlled at25±1℃、30±1℃and40±1℃, the maximum removal of NH4+-N in UASBB respectively is31.63%、46.27%and47.48%, and the maximum removal of NO'-N in UASBB respectively is41.35%、44.33%and47.94%. All in all, the best temperature for anammox is35±1℃.
When the pH was controlled in7.5-8.5, the anammox reaction is most appropriate. When the pH is controlled at about8.0, the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N respectively is57.99%and58.98%. When the pH is lower than7.5or high than8.5, the removal of anammox is worse. In addition, the result found UASBB reactor which has outside circle and filler is stronger to adapt the change of pH than the UASB reactor.
When the temperature was kept at35℃and pH was kept at about8.0, the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N in UASB was nearly60%when HRT is36h.But the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N of UASBB is nearly60%when HRT is24h. Th result indicated UASBB had the stronger volumetric loading,and the HRT of it is shorter than UASB.On the other hand,HRT in the anammox reactor could not be too low.
When NO2--N/NH4+-N controlled in1.1～1.3,the removal of anammox is best.the maximum removal of NH4+-N in UASBB is67.17%,and the maximum removal of NO2--N in UASBB is62.2%.
(2)For the Anammox-Sharon system,when the temperature is kept at35℃and pH is kept at about8.0,and circulation rate is kept at300%.If the aeration rate is200mL/min, efficiency of NH4+-N in UASBB is starting to decrease,the removal of NH4+-N in UASBB is controlled in5%-21%.The total removal of NH4+-N in the system is controlled in85%-94%.When the aeration rate is150mL/min or250mL/min,the removal of NH4+-N in UASBB and system ammonia are all seriously decline.
(1)对于单独厌氧氨氧化装置,通过实验室已有的UASBB和UASB装置对厌氧氨氧化的持续运行,UASBB和UASB反应器对COD的去除均较好,氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率保持50%以上。UASBB反应器的去除效果稍好于UASB反应器。
当温度控制在35±1℃时,UASBB中对氨氮的去除率可达52.61%-60.88%,对亚硝态氮的去除率可达53.88%-58.98%。而当温度在25±1℃、30±1℃和40±1℃时,UASBB对氨氮的最高去除率分别为31.63%、46.27%和47.48%,对亚硝态氮的最高去除率分别为41.35%、44.33%和47.94%。总体来说,35±1℃时去除率最佳。
pH为7.5～8.5时,UASBB中厌氧氨氧化的反应最为适宜,pH为8.0左右时,厌氧氨氧化的去除效果最佳,对氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率可达57.99%和58.98%。pH为7.5以下和8.5以上时,厌氧氨氧化的活性稍差。另外,实验中发现外循环加填料式的UASBB对pH的适应能力比UASB强。
在温度为35℃、pH为8.0左右时,UASB调节HRT为36h时,氨氮和亚硝态氮去除率接近60%。UASBB调节HRT为24h时,氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率接近60%。说明外循环式加填料的UASBB装置的容积负荷更好,所需的水力停留时间更短。另外,厌氧氨氧化反应器中的HRT不宜过低。
当基质比(NO2--N/NH4+-N)为1.1～1.3时,UASBB中厌氧氨氧化的效果最佳。氨氮的最高去除率可达67.17%,而亚硝态氮的最高去除率可达62.2%。
(2)对于厌氧氨氧化-短程硝化联合系统装置,采用UASBB-生物接触氧化池的方法。在温度为35±1℃、pH为8.0左右、回流比取300%的情况下,当曝气量为200mL/min时,UASBB中氨氮的出水含量开始减少,去除率为5%-21%,联合系统的总去除率为85%-94%。而曝气量为150mL/min和250mL/min时,UASBB反应器和系统对氨氮的去除率都严重下降。
Livestock and Poultry Industry is gradually developing to the direction of large-scale and Intensification. At the same time, the environmental pollution problems are worsening. Today there are many treatment processes for swine wastewater treatment. But most of them are difficult to be satisfied. As a new process of swine wastewater treatment, Anammox and Sharon system has many advantages. For example, the ammonia removal is well, processing cost is low. In this paper, first of all, according to summary and study before, this paper have studied the effect of anammox in UASBB reactor. Then according to the problems of Anammox and Sharon system, observed and analysised of the change of removal rate in system under different conditions of aeration, The experimental results are as follows:
(1) For the anammox reactor, UASBB and UASB reactor have been existing in laboratory. The result shows the removal of COD is high, and the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N is kept above50%. On the other hand, the removal of pollutants in UASBB is slightly better than that in UASB.
When the temperature is controlled in35±1℃, the removal of NH4+-N which it's in UASBB is kept at the range of52.61%-60.88%, and the removal of NO2--N is kept at the range of53.88%-58.98%.When the temperature is controlled at25±1℃、30±1℃and40±1℃, the maximum removal of NH4+-N in UASBB respectively is31.63%、46.27%and47.48%, and the maximum removal of NO'-N in UASBB respectively is41.35%、44.33%and47.94%. All in all, the best temperature for anammox is35±1℃.
When the pH was controlled in7.5-8.5, the anammox reaction is most appropriate. When the pH is controlled at about8.0, the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N respectively is57.99%and58.98%. When the pH is lower than7.5or high than8.5, the removal of anammox is worse. In addition, the result found UASBB reactor which has outside circle and filler is stronger to adapt the change of pH than the UASB reactor.
When the temperature was kept at35℃and pH was kept at about8.0, the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N in UASB was nearly60%when HRT is36h.But the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N of UASBB is nearly60%when HRT is24h. Th result indicated UASBB had the stronger volumetric loading,and the HRT of it is shorter than UASB.On the other hand,HRT in the anammox reactor could not be too low.
When NO2--N/NH4+-N controlled in1.1～1.3,the removal of anammox is best.the maximum removal of NH4+-N in UASBB is67.17%,and the maximum removal of NO2--N in UASBB is62.2%.
(2)For the Anammox-Sharon system,when the temperature is kept at35℃and pH is kept at about8.0,and circulation rate is kept at300%.If the aeration rate is200mL/min, efficiency of NH4+-N in UASBB is starting to decrease,the removal of NH4+-N in UASBB is controlled in5%-21%.The total removal of NH4+-N in the system is controlled in85%-94%.When the aeration rate is150mL/min or250mL/min,the removal of NH4+-N in UASBB and system ammonia are all seriously decline.
引文
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