基于软件无线电的数字ADCP信号处理系统的研究
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摘要
本课题是国家863项目海洋监测技术主题“小型多参数海洋环境监测浮标”的子课题。本文的主要任务是研制基于软件无线电思想的数字ADCP(声学多普勒流速剖面仪)信号处理平台,该平台是整个ADCP系统的灵魂。
目前,ADCP向着多功能、低功耗、小型化、低价格的方向发展,这对信号处理系统提出了宽适应能力的要求。课题采取全数字化解决方案,把软件无线电概念引入到ADCP中,提出了数字ADCP的概念,旨在提高系统的灵活性和可调整性。
数字ADCP将使我国在该项技术上有一个新的突破,为我国的海流测验、泥沙测量、冰层测厚等各种技术打下良好的基础,它的产品化将打破国外产品垄断的局面,极大地降低我国水流测验技术的成本。
本文的创新性工作概括如下几个方面:
1.将软件无线电的思想引入到ADCP信号处理平台的构建中,实现了全数字化的解决方案。该设计方案解决了传统的模拟设计方法中各通道幅值不匹配的难题,提高了后续电路的处理速度和处理方法的灵活性。
2.系统应用了DDS技术,使得初期设定的通过DSP复选,CPLD控制来实现不同形式的波形得到了实现,使得该处理平台具有极强的多功能性。应用ASIC技术,对ADCP信号处理平台的硬件程序架构进行了设计,实现了复杂的逻辑控制,IO、数据、程序空间分配,硬件看门狗,串转并以及伪随机序列的生成。
3.提出了一种新颖的ELMS算法,并在DSP系统中得到了实现。该算法与经典编码脉冲对算法同时集成在硬件系统中,根据不同的情况,选择不同的算法,很大程度上提高了系统的适应能力。根据面向对象的思想,采取命令循环的运行机制,对DSP程序系统进行了整体设计。该程序的建立使得ADCP使用者只需关心外部的接口,不必理会内部具体细节,就可以使整个系统根据不同需要完成不同的功能,充分体现了系统多参数的优点。
4.系统在经过板级测试、水槽实验、海洋比测以及标定后,已经形成样机,工作良好,稳定。
The task of this thesis is developing the digital Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler(ADCP), which is a part of the project, a small multi-parameter marine environment detection buoy under China national 863 programs. The digital Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler signal processing system is developed based on Software Radio(SR) which is the core of the whole device.
At present, ADCP technique is qualified for the advantages of multi-function, low consuming, small bulk, cheap material and so on, which are difficult to realize. The whole digital method proposed in the project with the import of SR idea is to improve the flexibility and adaptation.
The instrument we have developed will open a new situation for our nation, which can be applied for the observation of water current velocity, silt concentration and ice thickness. The translation to standardization of this technique will break the situation of foreign monopolization and reduce the examination cost greatly.
This dissertation achieves the following innovative points:
1. The complete digital solution of ADCP is realized with the induction of SR idea. Then the difficult matching problems of traditional analog system are solved. Correspondingly the processing speed and flexibility are enhanced greatly.
2. The application of Direct Digital Synthesis(DDS) technique in the system can send different acoustic waves with DSP and CPLD controls, which enriches the multi-function capability. The hardware program for the ADCP signal processing flat is designed with ASIC technique that contains flexible logic control, space partition for IO, data and program, hardware watchdog, translation of serial port to parallel port and generation of PN sequence.
3. A novel Enhanced Least Mean Square(ELMS) algorithm is proposed in the thesis. Both the ELMS and the classical coding Pulse-to-Pulse algorithm are integrated in the hardware system, which improves the adaptability. The DSP software program is completed with Object-Oriented, circular order method. This scheme can make the user of ADCP pay more attention to the external junction than the inner details. The function of changing different modes for different purposesimplies the multi-parameter advantage.
4. The prototype has passed the board testing, flume trial, comparing measure in the sea and calibration in Wuxi city, Jiangsu province. The testing results show that the instrument runs fine.
目前,ADCP向着多功能、低功耗、小型化、低价格的方向发展,这对信号处理系统提出了宽适应能力的要求。课题采取全数字化解决方案,把软件无线电概念引入到ADCP中,提出了数字ADCP的概念,旨在提高系统的灵活性和可调整性。
数字ADCP将使我国在该项技术上有一个新的突破,为我国的海流测验、泥沙测量、冰层测厚等各种技术打下良好的基础,它的产品化将打破国外产品垄断的局面,极大地降低我国水流测验技术的成本。
本文的创新性工作概括如下几个方面:
1.将软件无线电的思想引入到ADCP信号处理平台的构建中,实现了全数字化的解决方案。该设计方案解决了传统的模拟设计方法中各通道幅值不匹配的难题,提高了后续电路的处理速度和处理方法的灵活性。
2.系统应用了DDS技术,使得初期设定的通过DSP复选,CPLD控制来实现不同形式的波形得到了实现,使得该处理平台具有极强的多功能性。应用ASIC技术,对ADCP信号处理平台的硬件程序架构进行了设计,实现了复杂的逻辑控制,IO、数据、程序空间分配,硬件看门狗,串转并以及伪随机序列的生成。
3.提出了一种新颖的ELMS算法,并在DSP系统中得到了实现。该算法与经典编码脉冲对算法同时集成在硬件系统中,根据不同的情况,选择不同的算法,很大程度上提高了系统的适应能力。根据面向对象的思想,采取命令循环的运行机制,对DSP程序系统进行了整体设计。该程序的建立使得ADCP使用者只需关心外部的接口,不必理会内部具体细节,就可以使整个系统根据不同需要完成不同的功能,充分体现了系统多参数的优点。
4.系统在经过板级测试、水槽实验、海洋比测以及标定后,已经形成样机,工作良好,稳定。
The task of this thesis is developing the digital Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler(ADCP), which is a part of the project, a small multi-parameter marine environment detection buoy under China national 863 programs. The digital Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler signal processing system is developed based on Software Radio(SR) which is the core of the whole device.
At present, ADCP technique is qualified for the advantages of multi-function, low consuming, small bulk, cheap material and so on, which are difficult to realize. The whole digital method proposed in the project with the import of SR idea is to improve the flexibility and adaptation.
The instrument we have developed will open a new situation for our nation, which can be applied for the observation of water current velocity, silt concentration and ice thickness. The translation to standardization of this technique will break the situation of foreign monopolization and reduce the examination cost greatly.
This dissertation achieves the following innovative points:
1. The complete digital solution of ADCP is realized with the induction of SR idea. Then the difficult matching problems of traditional analog system are solved. Correspondingly the processing speed and flexibility are enhanced greatly.
2. The application of Direct Digital Synthesis(DDS) technique in the system can send different acoustic waves with DSP and CPLD controls, which enriches the multi-function capability. The hardware program for the ADCP signal processing flat is designed with ASIC technique that contains flexible logic control, space partition for IO, data and program, hardware watchdog, translation of serial port to parallel port and generation of PN sequence.
3. A novel Enhanced Least Mean Square(ELMS) algorithm is proposed in the thesis. Both the ELMS and the classical coding Pulse-to-Pulse algorithm are integrated in the hardware system, which improves the adaptability. The DSP software program is completed with Object-Oriented, circular order method. This scheme can make the user of ADCP pay more attention to the external junction than the inner details. The function of changing different modes for different purposesimplies the multi-parameter advantage.
4. The prototype has passed the board testing, flume trial, comparing measure in the sea and calibration in Wuxi city, Jiangsu province. The testing results show that the instrument runs fine.
引文
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