气提式膜生物反应器膜污染研究
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摘要
借鉴传统外置式膜-生物反应器的构造,以X-flow新型膜组件为核心,设计研发的气升循环式膜-生物反应器结合了一体式和外置式膜-生物反应器的一些优点。
对新型膜生物反应器的关键部位——封闭竖直管式膜的布气装置进行了改造,最大程度的优化膜管内水力条件。在竖直膜管内形成的气、液两相流对于提高膜通量,冲刷膜表面,控制膜污染具有积极的意义。
对布气装置的性能进行了清水通量的试验验证。并同时考察温度以及膜管内布气量的变化对膜出水的影响。首次提出竖直膜管内“流态气水比(r)”的概念。
采用“通量阶梯式递增法”,测定了气升循环式膜-生物反应器的膜临界通量。临界通量的范围曲线把膜通量区域划分为三个操作区域:超临界区,临界区和次临界区。分析了膜管布气量即膜管内气、液流态气水比r对于膜临界通量的影响。
安排了气升循环式膜-生物反应器在次临界通量操作条件下长期运行试验,考察了膜管内流态气水比r对混合液污泥特性的影响,从而进一步说明膜管内流态气水比r对膜污染控制的影响。并对污染后的膜组件进行反洗,得出膜管内流态气水比r对不可逆污染的影响较为明显。
Using the novel X-flow tubular membrane module,we developed a novel airlift recirculated MBR,which combined some advantages of both external MBR and submerged MBR.
We reconstructed the aerate system of the tubular membrane module,which is the key parts of the new reactor.The change can optimize the hydraulic conditions to a maximum extent in the tubular membrane.The gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns investigated in the vertical tubular membrane module has positive effects on the flux promotion and the membrane fouling control.
Clarified water flux experiments were implemented to identify the performance of the new aerate system.The influences on the membrane flux from both the temperature and the air flow rate were analyzed.A new concept gas-liquid ratio(r) in the vertical tubular membrane module was proposed for the first time.
Critical flux measurements were conducted on a constant flux basis while monitoring changes in TMP by using "stepwise method".As a result,three different operational zones for MBR operation could be suggested:supra-critical zone,critical zone and sub-critical zone.Further more,effects of the aeration intensity(the gas-liquid ratio)in the the vertical tubular membrane module on critical flux were comprehensively analyzed and compared to identify the major factors influencing critical flux.
A long-term operation of the MBR was conducted under sub-critical conditions. Effects of the gas-liquid ratio(r) in the vertical tubular membrane module on the mixd liquor was studied to illustrate the influence of the gas-liquid ratio(r) on the membrane fouling control.Enhanced back washes were implemented and the results suggests that the selected gas-liquid ratio(r) can obviously prolong the irreversible fouling.
对新型膜生物反应器的关键部位——封闭竖直管式膜的布气装置进行了改造,最大程度的优化膜管内水力条件。在竖直膜管内形成的气、液两相流对于提高膜通量,冲刷膜表面,控制膜污染具有积极的意义。
对布气装置的性能进行了清水通量的试验验证。并同时考察温度以及膜管内布气量的变化对膜出水的影响。首次提出竖直膜管内“流态气水比(r)”的概念。
采用“通量阶梯式递增法”,测定了气升循环式膜-生物反应器的膜临界通量。临界通量的范围曲线把膜通量区域划分为三个操作区域:超临界区,临界区和次临界区。分析了膜管布气量即膜管内气、液流态气水比r对于膜临界通量的影响。
安排了气升循环式膜-生物反应器在次临界通量操作条件下长期运行试验,考察了膜管内流态气水比r对混合液污泥特性的影响,从而进一步说明膜管内流态气水比r对膜污染控制的影响。并对污染后的膜组件进行反洗,得出膜管内流态气水比r对不可逆污染的影响较为明显。
Using the novel X-flow tubular membrane module,we developed a novel airlift recirculated MBR,which combined some advantages of both external MBR and submerged MBR.
We reconstructed the aerate system of the tubular membrane module,which is the key parts of the new reactor.The change can optimize the hydraulic conditions to a maximum extent in the tubular membrane.The gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns investigated in the vertical tubular membrane module has positive effects on the flux promotion and the membrane fouling control.
Clarified water flux experiments were implemented to identify the performance of the new aerate system.The influences on the membrane flux from both the temperature and the air flow rate were analyzed.A new concept gas-liquid ratio(r) in the vertical tubular membrane module was proposed for the first time.
Critical flux measurements were conducted on a constant flux basis while monitoring changes in TMP by using "stepwise method".As a result,three different operational zones for MBR operation could be suggested:supra-critical zone,critical zone and sub-critical zone.Further more,effects of the aeration intensity(the gas-liquid ratio)in the the vertical tubular membrane module on critical flux were comprehensively analyzed and compared to identify the major factors influencing critical flux.
A long-term operation of the MBR was conducted under sub-critical conditions. Effects of the gas-liquid ratio(r) in the vertical tubular membrane module on the mixd liquor was studied to illustrate the influence of the gas-liquid ratio(r) on the membrane fouling control.Enhanced back washes were implemented and the results suggests that the selected gas-liquid ratio(r) can obviously prolong the irreversible fouling.
引文
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[17]Shuang Liang,Cui Liu,Lianfa Song.Soluble microbial products in membrane bioreactor operation:Behaviors,characteristics,and fouling potential[J].Water Research,2007,41(1):95-101
[18]Cho B D,Fane A.G..Fouling transients in nominally sub-critical flux operation of a membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Membrane Science 2002,209(2):391-403
[19]Yu-Lan Jin,Woo-Nyoung Lee,Chung-Hak Lee,et al.Effect of DO concentration on biofilm structure and membrane filterability in submerged membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2006,40(15):2829-2836
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[25]P.Le-Clech,A.Fane,G.Leslie MBR focus:The operators perspective[J].Filtration &Separation,2005,61
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