中国铁路列车运行图编制系统研究
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摘要
列车运行图是铁路运输工作的生产计划,其编制质量的高低直接影响铁路运输组织的效率和安全,在很大程度上决定了铁路运输的质量和服务水平。尽管我国铁路已广泛采用计算机编制列车运行图,但从铁路发展需要来看,深入研究列车运行图编制相关优化理论与方法,提高列车运行图编制系统的智能化水平,建立列车运行计划及其相关作业计划于一体的列车运行图编制协同工作平台,是非常迫切的。
本文主要研究全国铁路列车运行图编制系统的总体目标和技术方案、列车运行计划编制的智能化技术和方法、基于群体协同的列车运行图编制系统关键技术和解决方案,主要研究内容及成果如下：
(1)列车运行图编制系统总体目标和技术方案研究
对国内外计算机编图研究方法和列车运行图编制系统研究及应用状况进行归纳、分析和总结,对我国铁路列车运行图编制系统的需求和特点进行分析,研究和探讨我国铁路列车运行图编制系统的总体目标和技术方案。
分析了系统设计挑战,研究并提出了系统总体设计技术路线,提出系统体系结构应采用C／S模式的混合式系统结构,并对系统功能进行了研究设计。
(2)列车运行计划编制优化方法研究
列车运行图编制是一个大规模组合优化问题,同时,也是一个半结构化问题,难以求其数学最优解,因此,重点对列车运行图编制问题解决思路进行研究,研究列车运行图编制问题的分层决策模型,研究和探讨列车运行计划编制的智能方法。
研究并提出了基于分层决策和满意优化的列车运行图编制问题解决思路,构建了列车运行图编制问题的分层决策模型,建立了基于状态空间法和启发式搜索技术的列车运行计划编制智能方法。
(3)支持群体协同的列车运行图编制系统设计关键技术研究
针对列车运行图编制的协同作业特点,深入分析基于群体协同的列车运行图编制系统特点和技术难点,对系统共享控制结构、协作机制、并发控制方法和访问控制策略等一系列关键技术进行研究。
研究并提出编图协作模式包含“集中控制下的协作”和“平等协作”两种模式,提出系统并发控制应采用改进的全序集中控制法、加锁法和基于操作变换的并发控制算法等方法综合运用的混合控制策略和技术解决方案。
Train working diagram is the operation plan of the railway transport. The quality of the train timetable dictates the efficiency and safety of transport operation and management, therefore, the train diagram considerably influences the quality and level of service of the railway transportation. Although currently the national railway administration has adopted the automated production of the railway train operation diagram by computer, in-depth research and development of creating the railway train diagram are urgently necessary from the perspective of the China's railway development, which can be justified by the needs to:1) develop the key timetable optimization theory and methods;2) enhance the intelligent system of marking the train-work diagram; and3) establish a collaborative working platform to integrate the train diagram and other associated plan-making systems.
The dissertation aims to study the overall objectives and technical solutions of the national railway Train Working Diagram Marking System (TWDMS), propose the intelligent techniques and approaches to produce the train operation plan, and develop the key technologies and solutions for the TWDMS of the group cooperative trains. The main research findings include:
1) Research on the goals and technical solutions of the TWDMS
Conduct an extensive literature review on the state-of-the-art studies on the approaches of generating train working diagram and the TWDMS; analyze the system requirements and characteristics of China's railway TWDMS; and propose the goals and technical solutions of the national railway TWDMS; and
Evaluate the challenges and develop the overall structure of TWDMS; propose the C/S hybrid system architecture for the TWDMS and develop its associated system functionalities.
2) Research on the optimization approaches to generate the train operation plan
The generation of the train working diagram is a process of a large-scale combinatorial and also a semi-structured optimization, so it is difficult to find an optimal solution with the mathematical modeling. Therefore, it is important to explore the solutions of generating the train working diagram through the hierarchical decision models and the intelligent methods.
The research proposes the ideas of the hierarchical decision-making and satisfaction optimization to resolve the stated issue, builds a hierarchical decision-making model, and puts forward with an intelligent technique for the generation of train operation plan based on the state-space and heuristic search methods.
3) Research on the key technologies of the TWDMS for the group cooperative trains
In-depth analysis of the system characteristics and technical difficulties of the TWDMS, according to the features of the group cooperation; and development of a series of key technologies for the group cooperation, such as shared control structures, coordination mechanisms, concurrent control methods, and access control policies.
The research suggests a collaborative mode of generating train operation diagram, including "collaboration under the centralized control" and "equal collaboration;" and concurrent system control shall adopt the hybrid control strategies and technical solutions which are an integration of the improved total-order-centralized-control method, the lock law, and the action-based concurrent control algorithms.
本文主要研究全国铁路列车运行图编制系统的总体目标和技术方案、列车运行计划编制的智能化技术和方法、基于群体协同的列车运行图编制系统关键技术和解决方案,主要研究内容及成果如下：
(1)列车运行图编制系统总体目标和技术方案研究
对国内外计算机编图研究方法和列车运行图编制系统研究及应用状况进行归纳、分析和总结,对我国铁路列车运行图编制系统的需求和特点进行分析,研究和探讨我国铁路列车运行图编制系统的总体目标和技术方案。
分析了系统设计挑战,研究并提出了系统总体设计技术路线,提出系统体系结构应采用C／S模式的混合式系统结构,并对系统功能进行了研究设计。
(2)列车运行计划编制优化方法研究
列车运行图编制是一个大规模组合优化问题,同时,也是一个半结构化问题,难以求其数学最优解,因此,重点对列车运行图编制问题解决思路进行研究,研究列车运行图编制问题的分层决策模型,研究和探讨列车运行计划编制的智能方法。
研究并提出了基于分层决策和满意优化的列车运行图编制问题解决思路,构建了列车运行图编制问题的分层决策模型,建立了基于状态空间法和启发式搜索技术的列车运行计划编制智能方法。
(3)支持群体协同的列车运行图编制系统设计关键技术研究
针对列车运行图编制的协同作业特点,深入分析基于群体协同的列车运行图编制系统特点和技术难点,对系统共享控制结构、协作机制、并发控制方法和访问控制策略等一系列关键技术进行研究。
研究并提出编图协作模式包含“集中控制下的协作”和“平等协作”两种模式,提出系统并发控制应采用改进的全序集中控制法、加锁法和基于操作变换的并发控制算法等方法综合运用的混合控制策略和技术解决方案。
Train working diagram is the operation plan of the railway transport. The quality of the train timetable dictates the efficiency and safety of transport operation and management, therefore, the train diagram considerably influences the quality and level of service of the railway transportation. Although currently the national railway administration has adopted the automated production of the railway train operation diagram by computer, in-depth research and development of creating the railway train diagram are urgently necessary from the perspective of the China's railway development, which can be justified by the needs to:1) develop the key timetable optimization theory and methods;2) enhance the intelligent system of marking the train-work diagram; and3) establish a collaborative working platform to integrate the train diagram and other associated plan-making systems.
The dissertation aims to study the overall objectives and technical solutions of the national railway Train Working Diagram Marking System (TWDMS), propose the intelligent techniques and approaches to produce the train operation plan, and develop the key technologies and solutions for the TWDMS of the group cooperative trains. The main research findings include:
1) Research on the goals and technical solutions of the TWDMS
Conduct an extensive literature review on the state-of-the-art studies on the approaches of generating train working diagram and the TWDMS; analyze the system requirements and characteristics of China's railway TWDMS; and propose the goals and technical solutions of the national railway TWDMS; and
Evaluate the challenges and develop the overall structure of TWDMS; propose the C/S hybrid system architecture for the TWDMS and develop its associated system functionalities.
2) Research on the optimization approaches to generate the train operation plan
The generation of the train working diagram is a process of a large-scale combinatorial and also a semi-structured optimization, so it is difficult to find an optimal solution with the mathematical modeling. Therefore, it is important to explore the solutions of generating the train working diagram through the hierarchical decision models and the intelligent methods.
The research proposes the ideas of the hierarchical decision-making and satisfaction optimization to resolve the stated issue, builds a hierarchical decision-making model, and puts forward with an intelligent technique for the generation of train operation plan based on the state-space and heuristic search methods.
3) Research on the key technologies of the TWDMS for the group cooperative trains
In-depth analysis of the system characteristics and technical difficulties of the TWDMS, according to the features of the group cooperation; and development of a series of key technologies for the group cooperation, such as shared control structures, coordination mechanisms, concurrent control methods, and access control policies.
The research suggests a collaborative mode of generating train operation diagram, including "collaboration under the centralized control" and "equal collaboration;" and concurrent system control shall adopt the hybrid control strategies and technical solutions which are an integration of the improved total-order-centralized-control method, the lock law, and the action-based concurrent control algorithms.
引文
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