内蒙古太仆寺旗沙子沟外围铅锌矿矿体特征及工艺矿物学研究
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摘要
内蒙古太仆寺旗沙子沟多金属矿区位于华北地台北缘,是近年来新发现的一个中型多金属矿床。
本文在野外地质调研、钻孔岩心分析的基础上,结合室内扫描电镜、物相分析、X荧光光谱等手段,查明了该矿区矿石矿物的主要化学成分、结构构造、共生组合等特征,推断出了各矿物形成的先后顺序。并重点研究铅、锌的赋存状态以及各矿物的粒度分布及其相互的嵌布关系等。
Pb平均品位为1.2%,Zn平均品位为1.49%,多个样品银的品位达100×10-6,可做为独立的银矿体圈出。但考虑到铅锌品位较低,需查明其可选性,为下一步工作提供依据。
镜下鉴定及物相分析表明,矿石中主要金属矿物为磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿,脉石矿物石英、白云母、斜长石等。矿石的结构为半自形—它形粒状结构、交代溶蚀结构、骸晶结构、包含结构等,矿石的构造为块状构造、条带状构造、脉状构造以及星点状构造。
通过显微镜下鉴定结合X-Ray衍射分析和扫描电镜分析,发现铅、锌的赋存状态主要为方铅矿、闪锌矿。方铅矿的嵌布粒度大多在0.074～0.005mm之间；闪锌矿的嵌布粒度大多在0.104～0.074 mm之间,说明方铅矿、闪锌矿的粒度较好,对选矿比较有利。但由于方铅矿、闪锌矿与磁黄铁矿嵌布复杂,并且闪锌矿中铁的含量较高(大于10%),对选矿不利。如需进行下一步工作,可以考虑用优先浮选法对该矿区的矿石进行选矿。即首先浮选铜、铅,再选锌,最后选硫的依次浮选流程。
The Shazigou polymetallic ore deposit,located in northern margin of the north china platform, is a medium-scale deposit discovered in recent years.
In this paper, based on the field geological survey, drilling core analysis, combination of indoor scanning electron microscopy, phase analysis, X fluorescence spectrometry and other means, we identify the ore minerals' chemical components, its structures, its paragenesis, and other characteristics. We deduce that the formation order of each mineral, and focus on the lead and zinc mineral's occurrence state, and each mineral's size distribution and the mutual disseminated relationship.
The average grade of Pb and Zn are 1.2%,1.49%. Silver's grade of multiple samples is 100×10-6. So silver can be used as an independent ore body. But considering the low grade of lead and zinc, it is required to identify its options to provide reference data for the next step.
By optical microscope identification and phase analysis, the principal metal minerals are galena, sphalerite and pyrrhotite in this ore. The principal gangue minerals are quartz, muscovite and albite in this ore. The ore has hypidiomorphic-alloteiomorphic granular texture, metasomatic dissolution texture, skeletal texture and poikilitic texture, and so on. The ore's structures are massive structure, banded structure, vein structure and spotted structure. Combining the ore mineral structural characteristics, distribution, production status and symbiotic relationship, it can be define that the mineral sequence is quartz, pyrrhotite—sphalerite, chalcopyrite—galena—calcite.
By optical microscope identification, X-Ray phase analysis and scanning electron microscope, it is concluded that Pb mainly exists in the form of galena and zinc mainly in the form of sphalerite. Galena's size is mostly between 0.074mm to 0.005mm; sphalerite's size is mostly between 0.104mm to 0.074 mm. It shows that the size of galena and is propitious to mineral processing. But the distribution of galena, sphalerite and pyrrhotite is complex and the iron content in sphalerite is high (more than 10%), it is not propitious to mineral processing. We can use the preferential flotation to mineral processing in the next work. The first flotation is copper, lead. The second flotation is zinc. And the last flotation is sulfur.
本文在野外地质调研、钻孔岩心分析的基础上,结合室内扫描电镜、物相分析、X荧光光谱等手段,查明了该矿区矿石矿物的主要化学成分、结构构造、共生组合等特征,推断出了各矿物形成的先后顺序。并重点研究铅、锌的赋存状态以及各矿物的粒度分布及其相互的嵌布关系等。
Pb平均品位为1.2%,Zn平均品位为1.49%,多个样品银的品位达100×10-6,可做为独立的银矿体圈出。但考虑到铅锌品位较低,需查明其可选性,为下一步工作提供依据。
镜下鉴定及物相分析表明,矿石中主要金属矿物为磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿,脉石矿物石英、白云母、斜长石等。矿石的结构为半自形—它形粒状结构、交代溶蚀结构、骸晶结构、包含结构等,矿石的构造为块状构造、条带状构造、脉状构造以及星点状构造。
通过显微镜下鉴定结合X-Ray衍射分析和扫描电镜分析,发现铅、锌的赋存状态主要为方铅矿、闪锌矿。方铅矿的嵌布粒度大多在0.074～0.005mm之间；闪锌矿的嵌布粒度大多在0.104～0.074 mm之间,说明方铅矿、闪锌矿的粒度较好,对选矿比较有利。但由于方铅矿、闪锌矿与磁黄铁矿嵌布复杂,并且闪锌矿中铁的含量较高(大于10%),对选矿不利。如需进行下一步工作,可以考虑用优先浮选法对该矿区的矿石进行选矿。即首先浮选铜、铅,再选锌,最后选硫的依次浮选流程。
The Shazigou polymetallic ore deposit,located in northern margin of the north china platform, is a medium-scale deposit discovered in recent years.
In this paper, based on the field geological survey, drilling core analysis, combination of indoor scanning electron microscopy, phase analysis, X fluorescence spectrometry and other means, we identify the ore minerals' chemical components, its structures, its paragenesis, and other characteristics. We deduce that the formation order of each mineral, and focus on the lead and zinc mineral's occurrence state, and each mineral's size distribution and the mutual disseminated relationship.
The average grade of Pb and Zn are 1.2%,1.49%. Silver's grade of multiple samples is 100×10-6. So silver can be used as an independent ore body. But considering the low grade of lead and zinc, it is required to identify its options to provide reference data for the next step.
By optical microscope identification and phase analysis, the principal metal minerals are galena, sphalerite and pyrrhotite in this ore. The principal gangue minerals are quartz, muscovite and albite in this ore. The ore has hypidiomorphic-alloteiomorphic granular texture, metasomatic dissolution texture, skeletal texture and poikilitic texture, and so on. The ore's structures are massive structure, banded structure, vein structure and spotted structure. Combining the ore mineral structural characteristics, distribution, production status and symbiotic relationship, it can be define that the mineral sequence is quartz, pyrrhotite—sphalerite, chalcopyrite—galena—calcite.
By optical microscope identification, X-Ray phase analysis and scanning electron microscope, it is concluded that Pb mainly exists in the form of galena and zinc mainly in the form of sphalerite. Galena's size is mostly between 0.074mm to 0.005mm; sphalerite's size is mostly between 0.104mm to 0.074 mm. It shows that the size of galena and is propitious to mineral processing. But the distribution of galena, sphalerite and pyrrhotite is complex and the iron content in sphalerite is high (more than 10%), it is not propitious to mineral processing. We can use the preferential flotation to mineral processing in the next work. The first flotation is copper, lead. The second flotation is zinc. And the last flotation is sulfur.
引文
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[13]Mcaig A M. Deep Fluid Circulation in fault Zones. Gelogy.1988.16:867
[14]Eskenazy G. Geochemistry of copper, zinc and lead in Bulgarian coal deposits. Fuel and Energy Abstracts,1996,37:330
[15]陈永清,夏庆霖.应用地质异常单元圈定矿产资源体潜在地段[J].地球科学,1999,24(5)：459-463
[16]河北省天津市区域地层表编写组.华北地区区域地层表[M].北京：地质出版社：34-46
[17]黎彤,袁怀雨,吴胜昔.中国花岗岩类和世界花岗岩类平均化学成分的对比研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,1998,22(1)：29-34
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[21]翟裕生.区域成矿学[M].北京：地质出版社,1999
[22]金性春,严则.板块构造理论与中国打的构造学派[J].地质评论,1998,34 (1)：71-79
[23]徐开礼,朱志澄.构造地质学[M].北京：地质出版社,1993.
[24]Collins W J S. I—type granitoids of the eastern Lachla fold belt:Products of three—component mixing[M]. Transations of the Royal Socicty of Edinburgh Earth Sciences.1996:171-179.
[25]Alver Soesoo, Alver Soesoo. Fractional crystallization of mantle-erived melts as a mechanism for some I—type granite petrogenesis:an example from Lachlan Fold Belt[J]. Australia:Journal of the Geological Society, London,2000: 135-149.
[26]Castro A, Patino Douce A E, Correge L G. Origin of peraluminou grani tes and granodiori tes, I berian Mass in Spain:aexpermental test of granite petrogenesiS[J]. Contrib:Mineral Petrol.1999,3(05):234-242.
[27]周振玲,王志章,郝建民等.内蒙古锡盟南部与冀西北地区铅锌银金成矿地质条件对比[J].河北地质学院学报,1994,17(06)：78-83.
[28]王树岭.内蒙古太仆寺旗白石头洼钨矿外围地质特征与成矿预测研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2009
[29]江为为.华北地台北缘地球物理场特征与金属矿床预测[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(2)：233-245.
[30]李四光.地质力学概论[M].北京：地质出版社,1973,10-100
[31]杨森楠,杨巍然等.中国区域大地构造学[M].北京：地质出版社,1985
[32]孟玉明.内蒙古自治区太仆寺旗金豆子山铅锌矿地质地球物理找矿研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2009
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