黄芪多糖的抗疲劳作用及其机制初探
|
摘要
[目的]探讨长白山地产黄芪的主要成分黄芪多糖(Astragalus Polysaccharides,APS)对小鼠负重游泳力竭时间、大鼠在体和离体比目鱼肌和腓肠肌收缩能力以及携氧能力的影响。
[方法]实验动物选用昆明种雄性小鼠和Wistar系雄性大鼠,小鼠用于测定负重游泳力竭时间,大鼠用于骨骼肌收缩力学实验和携氧能力的测定。将筛选出的40只小鼠随机分成4组,每组10只,即APS小剂量、中剂量、大剂量组和对照组,分别灌胃APS200mg/kg、400mg/kg和800mg/kg,对照组灌等量的生理盐水(20.0ml/kg)。连续灌胃3周,每日1次。在第21天灌胃1小时后进行小鼠负重游泳实验,测量记录小鼠游泳力竭时间。将40只健康的Wistar系大鼠随机分成4组,每组10只,即APS小剂量、中剂量、大剂量组和对照组,分别灌胃APS100mg/kg、200mg/kg和400mg/kg,对照组灌等量的生理盐水(3.0ml/kg)。连续灌胃3周,每日1次。在第21天灌胃1小时后,观察电刺激大鼠坐骨神经对在体比目鱼肌和腓肠肌收缩指标的影响;制备大鼠离体腓肠肌和比目鱼肌模型,观察给予黄芪多糖(100mg/ml)后电刺激对收缩指标的影响。并测定黄芪多糖对大鼠血液中红细胞计数、白细胞计数和血红蛋白含量。
[结果]
1.长白山黄芪多糖对小鼠负重游泳力竭时间和体重的影响:①APS中、大剂量组与对照组比较,小鼠负重游泳力竭时间明显延长(P＜0.05)。
2.长白山黄芪多糖对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力的影响:①APS中、大剂量组与对照组比较,大鼠在体腓肠肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度增高、潜伏期和1/2舒张时间延长、强直收缩的最大收缩幅度增加、疲劳指数减小(P＜0.05);在体比目鱼肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度增加、潜伏期和1/2舒张时间缩短,强直收缩的最大收缩幅度增强、疲劳指数减小(P＜0.05)。②APS提高离体腓肠肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度,同时也提高强直收缩的最大收缩幅度、减小疲劳指数(P＜0.05);离体比目鱼肌单收缩和强直收缩的最大收缩幅度明显加强,同时也提高强直收缩的疲劳指数(P＜0.05)。
3.长白山黄芪多糖对携氧能力的影响:APS组与对照组比较,大鼠血液中血红蛋白含量明显增高(P＜0.05)。
[结论]
1.长白山黄芪多糖能延长小鼠负重游泳力竭时间,能够提高骨骼肌的收缩能力,具有抗疲劳作用,且呈一定的量效关系;
2.长白山黄芪多糖的抗骨骼肌疲劳作用,可能与其增加大鼠血液中的血红蛋白含量有关。
Objective: To investigate effects of the main components of Changbai Mountain astragali-Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on carrying exhaustive swimming time in mice, contraction force of soleus and gastrocnemius in vivo and ex vivo, and the capacity of oxygen carrying in rats.Methods: Experimental animals:Kunming male mice were used for measuring weight loading exhaustive swimming time, male Wistar rats were used for determining skeletal muscle contraction and oxygen-carrying capacity. We screening 40 mice which divided into 4 groups randomly, APS low, middle , high dose groups and control group, each group has 10 , lavaged APS200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg separately once a day, control group lavaged the same concentration normal saline (2.0ml/kg). Lavage 3 weeks continuously, in order to record the mice swimming exhaustive time, do the swimming exhaustive test after one hour of the 21st day lavage . Put the 40 healthy Wistar rats into 4 groups randomly, that is, APS low dose, middle dose, high dose group and control group, infused APS100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg separately, the control group infused normal saline with the same concentration (3.0ml/kg). Lavage 3 weeks continuously, once a day. After lavaged one hour of the 21st day, we observed the effects of the gastrocnemius and soleus's contractibility which were obtained from electric stimulating ischiadic nerve in rats, prepared the sample of gastrocnemius and soleus in isolated rats. Observation astragalus polysaccharide (100mg/ml) after electric stimulation on the contraction of the impact target.And Determination astragalus polysaccharide on rat blood, red blood cellcount, white blood cell count and hemoglobin content. Results: (1) Themiddle dose and high dose APS can increase weight loading swimmingtimes in mice obxiously (P<0.05) .
(2) APS with middle dose and large dose can enhance Pt (P<0.05), shortenCT and HRT when the soleus muscle's simple contraction take place (P<0.05), and enhance Pt , diminish FI when the soleus muscle's tetanus takeplace in rat(P<0.05). APS can enhance Pt when the isolated soleus muscle'ssimple contraction take place (P< 0.05), and enhance Pt, diminish FI whenthe soleus muscle's tetanus take place in rats (P<0.05). (3) APS canincreased the content of blood hemoglobin significantly compared with thecontrol group (P <0.05).
Conclusion: (1) Changbaishan astragalus polysaccharide can extend theexhaustive time of weight loading swimming mice, can improve thecapacity of skeletal muscle contraction, have the anti-fatigue effect withdose-effect relationship.
(2) Changbaishan astragalus polysaccharide anti-skeletal muscle fatiguemay be related to increaseing blood hemoglobin content, beneficial toskeletal muscle aerobic metabolism.
[方法]实验动物选用昆明种雄性小鼠和Wistar系雄性大鼠,小鼠用于测定负重游泳力竭时间,大鼠用于骨骼肌收缩力学实验和携氧能力的测定。将筛选出的40只小鼠随机分成4组,每组10只,即APS小剂量、中剂量、大剂量组和对照组,分别灌胃APS200mg/kg、400mg/kg和800mg/kg,对照组灌等量的生理盐水(20.0ml/kg)。连续灌胃3周,每日1次。在第21天灌胃1小时后进行小鼠负重游泳实验,测量记录小鼠游泳力竭时间。将40只健康的Wistar系大鼠随机分成4组,每组10只,即APS小剂量、中剂量、大剂量组和对照组,分别灌胃APS100mg/kg、200mg/kg和400mg/kg,对照组灌等量的生理盐水(3.0ml/kg)。连续灌胃3周,每日1次。在第21天灌胃1小时后,观察电刺激大鼠坐骨神经对在体比目鱼肌和腓肠肌收缩指标的影响;制备大鼠离体腓肠肌和比目鱼肌模型,观察给予黄芪多糖(100mg/ml)后电刺激对收缩指标的影响。并测定黄芪多糖对大鼠血液中红细胞计数、白细胞计数和血红蛋白含量。
[结果]
1.长白山黄芪多糖对小鼠负重游泳力竭时间和体重的影响:①APS中、大剂量组与对照组比较,小鼠负重游泳力竭时间明显延长(P＜0.05)。
2.长白山黄芪多糖对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力的影响:①APS中、大剂量组与对照组比较,大鼠在体腓肠肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度增高、潜伏期和1/2舒张时间延长、强直收缩的最大收缩幅度增加、疲劳指数减小(P＜0.05);在体比目鱼肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度增加、潜伏期和1/2舒张时间缩短,强直收缩的最大收缩幅度增强、疲劳指数减小(P＜0.05)。②APS提高离体腓肠肌单收缩的最大收缩幅度,同时也提高强直收缩的最大收缩幅度、减小疲劳指数(P＜0.05);离体比目鱼肌单收缩和强直收缩的最大收缩幅度明显加强,同时也提高强直收缩的疲劳指数(P＜0.05)。
3.长白山黄芪多糖对携氧能力的影响:APS组与对照组比较,大鼠血液中血红蛋白含量明显增高(P＜0.05)。
[结论]
1.长白山黄芪多糖能延长小鼠负重游泳力竭时间,能够提高骨骼肌的收缩能力,具有抗疲劳作用,且呈一定的量效关系;
2.长白山黄芪多糖的抗骨骼肌疲劳作用,可能与其增加大鼠血液中的血红蛋白含量有关。
Objective: To investigate effects of the main components of Changbai Mountain astragali-Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on carrying exhaustive swimming time in mice, contraction force of soleus and gastrocnemius in vivo and ex vivo, and the capacity of oxygen carrying in rats.Methods: Experimental animals:Kunming male mice were used for measuring weight loading exhaustive swimming time, male Wistar rats were used for determining skeletal muscle contraction and oxygen-carrying capacity. We screening 40 mice which divided into 4 groups randomly, APS low, middle , high dose groups and control group, each group has 10 , lavaged APS200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg separately once a day, control group lavaged the same concentration normal saline (2.0ml/kg). Lavage 3 weeks continuously, in order to record the mice swimming exhaustive time, do the swimming exhaustive test after one hour of the 21st day lavage . Put the 40 healthy Wistar rats into 4 groups randomly, that is, APS low dose, middle dose, high dose group and control group, infused APS100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg separately, the control group infused normal saline with the same concentration (3.0ml/kg). Lavage 3 weeks continuously, once a day. After lavaged one hour of the 21st day, we observed the effects of the gastrocnemius and soleus's contractibility which were obtained from electric stimulating ischiadic nerve in rats, prepared the sample of gastrocnemius and soleus in isolated rats. Observation astragalus polysaccharide (100mg/ml) after electric stimulation on the contraction of the impact target.And Determination astragalus polysaccharide on rat blood, red blood cellcount, white blood cell count and hemoglobin content. Results: (1) Themiddle dose and high dose APS can increase weight loading swimmingtimes in mice obxiously (P<0.05) .
(2) APS with middle dose and large dose can enhance Pt (P<0.05), shortenCT and HRT when the soleus muscle's simple contraction take place (P<0.05), and enhance Pt , diminish FI when the soleus muscle's tetanus takeplace in rat(P<0.05). APS can enhance Pt when the isolated soleus muscle'ssimple contraction take place (P< 0.05), and enhance Pt, diminish FI whenthe soleus muscle's tetanus take place in rats (P<0.05). (3) APS canincreased the content of blood hemoglobin significantly compared with thecontrol group (P <0.05).
Conclusion: (1) Changbaishan astragalus polysaccharide can extend theexhaustive time of weight loading swimming mice, can improve thecapacity of skeletal muscle contraction, have the anti-fatigue effect withdose-effect relationship.
(2) Changbaishan astragalus polysaccharide anti-skeletal muscle fatiguemay be related to increaseing blood hemoglobin content, beneficial toskeletal muscle aerobic metabolism.
引文
[1]孙革,潮芳.中药消除运动性疲劳方法的研究综述[J].北京体育大学学报,2004,27(8):1078-1080.
[2]王静,刘洪涛,马强,等.运动性中枢疲劳时大鼠脑乳酸和糖原含量的变化[J].中国运动医学杂志,2005,24(2):452-455.
[3]GastinPB.Enegry system interaction and relative contribution during maximal exeerise[J].sports Med,2001,31(10):725-741.
[4]Pwoers SK,DeRuisseau KC,QuindryJ,et al.Dietary antioxidants and exercise[J].J Sports Sci,2004,22(1):81-94.
[5]Konig D,Wagner KH,Elmadafa I,et al.Exercise and oxidative sterss:significance of antioxidants with reference to inflammatory,muscular,and syatemmic stress[J].Exerc Immunol Rev,2001,7:108-133.
[6]杨锡让.实用运动生理学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2000.
[7]赵敬国.肌肉疲劳的细胞学机制及应对措施[J].中国体育科技,2001,37(1):14-16.
[8]周思红,王艳春.中药复方制剂对力竭性游泳运动后大鼠骨骼肌线粒体的电镜观察[J].西安体育学院学报.2004,21(4):50-53.
[9]王海涛,赵焕彬.维生素消除运动性疲劳的研究现状[J].河北师范大学学报(自然科学版).2001,25(2):278-280.
[10]曹哲伟,李文胜,屈万红,等.养血生乳口服液的药效学研究[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(6):1382-1383.
[11]吴炳英,高玉清,刘桂香,等.人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝的毒性及其抗疲劳、降血脂作用的研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(16):3096-3097,3105.
[12]黄君红,陈丽,巫少明.发酵型酸奶对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(16):3060-3062.
[13]杨文领,薛文通,郭长江,等.抗疲劳中药制剂对游泳小鼠抗疲劳效果观察[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2006,24(3):196-197.
[14]池爱平,陈锦屏,熊正英,等.木枣多糖抗疲劳组分对力竭游泳小鼠糖代谢的影 响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2007,26(4):411-415.
[15]李茂辉,叶丽杰,卢桂华,等.心肌多肽抗疲劳效应的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2006,33(7):1097-1099.
[16]魏钝镭,周永平,徐珊,等.“健力方”抗运动性疲劳作用的实验研究[J].中国体育科技,2001,37(9):41-42.
[17]刘淑娟.不同磷脂对小鼠耐力影响的比较研究[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(2):208-210.
[18]邹海峰,陈燕,蔺艳.黄芪参附对低位中枢神经-肌接头和骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].现代医药卫生,2007,23(16):2375-2376.
[19]彭晓东,沈泳,等.枸杞多糖对电刺激离体蟾蜍腓肠肌疲劳的影响[J].中草药,2000,31(5):356-358.
[20]李宁宁,辛晓林,孙洪兆.茶薪菇多糖延缓离体骨骼肌疲劳的研究[J].滨州医学院学报,2004,27(1):7-8.
[21]王西霞,田吉梅.生脉注射液和参附注射液对中枢、神经-肌接头及骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].云南中医中药杂志,2005,26(1):36-37.
[22]辛晓林,史亚丽,杨立红.银耳多糖对离体骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].西北农业学报,2006,15(2):128-130,133.
[23]张洪嘉,梁仁哲,李美子,等.当归酒精提取液对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力及小鼠强迫游泳时间的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(2):96-99.
[24]李美子,张洪嘉,梁仁哲,等.轮叶党参对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力及小鼠强迫游泳时间的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(2):92-95.
[25]贺永贵,梁仁哲,尹明浩,等.血府逐瘀口服液对鼠的抗疲劳作用研究[J].陕西中医.2008,29(4):503-505.
[26]邱妍.4种多糖对免疫雏鸡抗体效价和T淋巴细胞的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(1):77-78.
[27]程志斌,葛长荣,韩剑众.中草药有效成分对动物免功能的影响及其应用[J].动物科学与动物医学,2002,19(1):M1-M2.
[28]Smolinski AT,Pestka JJ.Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced proirdlarnmatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin(chamomi le).ginsenoside Rb(1)(ginseng)and parthenolide(feverfew)[J].Food Chem l'oxicol.2003,41(10):1381-1390.
[29]Assinewe VA,Amason.IT.Aubry A.et al.Extractable polysac charides of Panax quinquefolius L.(North American ginseng)root stimulate TNFalpha production byalveolarmacmphages[J].Phytomedicine.2002,9(5):398-404.
[30]Liu ZG,Xlong ZM。Yu XY.Efect of astragelus injection on immane function in patients with congestive heart failure[J].Zhongguo Zhng Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi.2003,23(5):351-353.
[31]Roep BO.The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of type1 diabetes:from cause to cure.Diabetologia.2003;46(3):305-321.
[32]Chen W,Liu F,Yu M H,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide prevent type 1diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.Fu Dan Xue Bao(Yi Xue Ke Xue Ban).2001;28(1):57-60.
[33]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003;21(9):1522-1524.
[34]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用.中西医结合学报.2008;6(2):166-170.
[35]刘洪风,杨勇.黄芪多糖对2-DM胰岛素抵抗大鼠FINS及IR相关指数的影响.牡丹江医学院学报.2008;28(6):14-16.
[36]毛先晴,欧阳静萍.黄芪多糖对饮食诱导小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗的预防作用.中国病理生理杂志.2007;23(11):2222-2225.
[37]赵莲芳 黄芪多糖及人参总皂苷对衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用[J].延边大学医学学报.2006,29(4):249-251.
[38]林爱华,李予蓉.黄芪对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2003,24(17):23.
[39]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003,21(9):1522-1524.
[40]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].中西医结合学报.2008,6(2):166-170.
[41]张洪嘉,李美子,邴艳华,等.在体大鼠神经-骨骼肌标本制作及收缩能力的测定[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(4):242-243.
[42]徐晓阳,张爱芳,武桂新,等.抚正理气中药对大强度耐力训练大鼠代谢某些指标的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,1998,17(3):220-223.
[43]糜珏.血红蛋白浓度与赛前训练强度关系的探讨[J].南京体育学院学报,1999,1(1):54-56
[44]罗小兵,戴国钢,马建,等.大强度游泳运动对大鼠肌力和血红蛋白的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,200l,27(1):73--75
[45]洪平,冯连世.高原训练对中长跑运动员血液流变特征的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2003,22(2):177-178,188
[46]李洁,谷长江.骨骼肌钙离子转运系统与肌肉功能的关系[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2004,23(3):301-303
[47]苏克强.运动性肌肉疲劳号恢复的研究进展[J].
[48]魏源,唐晖,罗桂珍,等.力竭运动对大鼠骨骼肌骨浆网钙转动的影响[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2001(12):4
[49]田野等.急性运动对骨骼肌肌浆网钙转动功能的影响[J].运动医学杂志,1997,16(3):173
[50]田野.运动与肌浆网功能[J].体育科学,1995,8(5):116
[51]吕丹云.钙摄人量与运动能力的实验研究[J].体育科学,1999(2):63-67,77
[52]梁仁哲,贺永贵.尹明浩.黄芪水提液对小鼠的抗疲劳作用研究[J].陕西中医,2009,30(4):500-501
[1]黄乔书,吕归宝,李雅臣,等.黄芪多糖的研究[J].药学学报,1982,17(3):200-203.
[2]陈阿琴.黄芪多糖药理作用研究进展[J].中国兽药杂志,2005,39(9):33-36.
[3]郭世宁,张克家,于建辉.黄芪多糖的药理研究进展[J].中兽医学杂志,1996,83(2):41-43.
[4]梁华平,王正国,耿波.黄芪多糖、人参茎叶皂甙对创伤小鼠血浆及免疫细胞内cAMP、cGMP的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,1995,11(6):595-599.
[5]邱妍.4种多糖对免疫雏鸡抗体效价和T淋巴细胞的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(1):77-78.
[6]胡庭俊,梁纪兰,程富胜.黄芪多糖对小鼠脾淋巴细胞蛋白激酶C活性和影响[J].中兽医医药杂志,2003,6(2):11-12.
[7]程志斌,葛长荣,韩剑众.中草药有效成分对动物免功能的影响及其应用[J].动物科学与动物医学,2002,19(1):M1-M2.
[8]Xiangfeng Kong,Yuanliang Hu,Rong Rui,et al、Efects of Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients on peripheral lymphocyte proliferation 36 and serum antibody titer after vaccination in chicken[J].International Immunopharmacology,2004,4:975-982.
[9]Smolinski AT,Pestka JJ.Modulation of lipopolysacchadde-induced proirdlarnmatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin(chamomi le).ginsenoside Rb(1)(ginseng)and parthenolide(feverfew)[J].Food Chem l'oxicol.2003,41(10):1381-1390.
[10]Assinewe VA,Amason.IT.Aubry A.et al.Extractable polysac charides of Panax quinquefolius L.(North American ginseng)root stimulate TNFalpha production by alveolar macmphages[J].Phytomedicine.2002,9(5):398-404.
[11]Liu ZG,Xlong ZMo Yu XY.Efect of astragelus injection on immane function in patiems with congestive heart failure[J].Zhongguo Zhng Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi.2003,23(5):351-353.
[12]储岳峰,李祥瑞,胡元亮.9种中药成分对小鼠免疫细胞活性的影响.南京农业大学学报,2004,27(1):97-100.
[13]Shao B M,Xu W,Dai H,et al.A study on the immune reeeptors for polysaeeharides from the roots af astragalus membranaceus,a Chinese medicinal herb[J].Biochem Biophys Res Comman,2004,320(4):1103.
[14]翁玲,刘彦,刘学英,等.黄芪多糖粉针剂对小鼠脾细胞分泌细胞因子及NK 杀伤能力的影响[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(9):1522.
[15]金虹,王建华.从IL-2水平探讨黄芪及黄芪多糖的免疫调节作用[J].中国免疫学杂志.1989;5(5)
[16]姚金凤,王志新,张晓勇.黄芪多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的调节作用研究[J].河南大学学报(医学版),2005,24(1):34-36.
[17]林爱华,李予蓉.黄芪对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2003,24(17):23.
[18]刘俊英,曾广仙,熊金蓉,等、黄芪多糖对创伤应激小鼠胸腺、脾脏、淋巴细胞中NF-K B mRNA与IL-10mRNA表达影响的形态计量学研究[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2004,9(1):21-24.
[19]曾广仙 黄芪多糖调节创伤应激小鼠免疫功能的研究[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志.2004;24(12):942-945.
[20]赵莲芳 黄芪多糖及人参总皂苷对衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用[J].延边大学医学学报.2006,29(4):249-251.
[21]马宏,张宗玉,童坦君.衰老的生物学标记[J).生理科学进展,2002;33(1):65-68.
[22]赵丹威 黄芪多糖对衰老HDFβ-半乳糖苷酶活性影响的实验研究[J].中国老年学杂志.2006,26(10):1361-1362.
[23]陈群,刘家昌.人参多糖、黄芪多糖、枸杞多糖的研究进展[J].淮南师范学院学报,2001,3(2):39-41.
[24]杨五彪 等 植物多糖对家兔动脉粥样硬化脂质过氧化及炎症反应的干预[J].四川中医2007,25(2):12-14.
[25]魏毅 张贵平 黄芪多糖与白芍总苷对THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞内脂质的影响[J].中药新药与临床药理 2007,18(3):189-191.
[26]张灼 黄芪多糖对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤后的保护作用[J].中国中医药信息杂志.2007:14(2):33-34.
[27]朱海燕 黄芪多糖对人心脏微血管内皮细胞缺氧再复氧损伤后核因子-KB表达的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志.2008;35(1):7-9.
[28]陈蔚.黄芪多糖保护糖尿病心肌的初步研究[J].复旦学报(医学版).2007;34(4):541-544.
[29]张朝云,叶红英,俞茂华,等.黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠心肌超微结构的影响[J].复旦学报(医学科学版),2001,28(6):476-478.
[30]胡元亮,孔样峰,等.10种中药成分对CEF的增殖和抵抗NDV感染的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(3):301-305.
[31]黄宏思.黄芪多糖协同抗癌药物对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用[J].中国现代临床医学,2007,6(4):35-37.
[32]刘振龙,孙明杰,赵文明等.复合中药多糖对小鼠淋巴细胞活性和肿瘤生长抑制的影响[J].中药药理与临床2001,17(4):15-16.
[33]邹丽宜.黄芪多糖对肝纤维化小鼠骨丢失的防治作用[J].中西医结合肝病杂志.2002,12(2):95-98.
[34]彭佳明,牛广宇,彭文,等.黄芪注射液治疗肿瘤放、化疗后白细胞减少症,临床观察[J].中国初级卫生保健,2006,20(8):79.
[35]翁玲,刘彦,刘学英,等.黄芪多糖粉针剂对小鼠牌细胞分泌细胞因子及NK杀伤能力的影响[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(9):1522-1524.
[36]解丽华,马玉彦,冯素文,等.黄芪多糖对癌性腹水淋巴细胞(CTI)激活的增效作用[J].实用肿瘤学杂志.1994,(4):11-12.
[37]Roep BO.The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of type1 diabetes:from cause to cure.Diabetologia.2003;46(3):305-321.
[38]Chen W,Liu F,Yu M H,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide prevent type 1diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.Fu Dan Xue Bao(Yi Xue Ke Xue Ban).2001;28(1):57-60.
[39]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003;21(9):1522-1524.
[40]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用.中西医结合学报.2008;6(2):166-170.
[41]刘洪风,杨勇.黄芪多糖对2-DM胰岛素抵抗大鼠FINS及IR相关指数的影响.牡丹江医学院学报.2008;28(6):14-16.
[42]毛先晴,欧阳静萍.黄芪多糖对饮食诱导小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗的预防作用.中国病理生理杂志.2007;23(11):2222-2225.
[43]刘洪玲,姜惠卿,侯玉梅,等.黄芪多糖治疗糖尿病的药理作用探要[J].中国药师,2004;7(8):585-587.
[44]吴朝妍,张莹雯.黄芪多糖对肾阳虚型糖尿病大鼠肾组织NF-κB、TGF-β_1的影响.武汉大学学报.2006;27(3):381-384
[45]孙梅.黄芪多糖对LPS损伤小肠上皮细胞的保护作用[J].世界华人消化杂志,2008;16(1):15-17.
[46]袁媛.黄芪多糖对内毒素刺激体外培养肠上皮细胞间黏附分子-1的调节作用[].中国中西医结合急救杂志.2008;15(2):114-116.
[47]刘兵荣,丁新生.大鼠脑出血后核因子-κB的表达及黄芪多糖的干预作用[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学.2007;14(3):160-163.
[48]Hickcnlxntom SL.GrottajC.RogerS.et al.Nue|ear factor-kappaB and cell demh after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.S1 rokc.1999.30(11):2472-2427.
[49]Sen R.Baltimore D.Multiple nuclear factor interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences.Cell,1986,46(5):705-716.
[50]Clemens JA,Stephenson DT,Yin T,et al.Drug-induced neuroprotection from global ischemia is assoeiated with prevention of persistent but not transient ctivation of nuelear factor-kappaB in rats[J].Stroke,1998,29:677-682.
[51]Grilli M,Pizzi M,Memo M,et al.Neuroprotection by aspirin and sodium salicylate through blockade of NF-kappaB activation[J].Science,1996,274:1383-1385.
[52]郑一,高玉红黄芪多糖对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后迟发性神经元死亡影响的实验研究[J].中医药学刊.2006;24(7):268-269.
[53]桑秋凌,刘飙.黄芪多糖对坐骨神经华勒变性大鼠细胞免疫功能的作用研究[J].中国免疫学杂志.2008;24(2):147-148.
[54]王笑梅,王秀荣,杨琳,等.CIA抗体的间接ELISA检测方法[J].中国畜禽传染病. 1998;20(4):231-232.
[55]BI S L.JIANG Y Z.ZHAO H L et al.Expression of the Hepatitis E Virus structural proteins in E.coli and application of the recombinant products for diagnosis[J].Chin J Virology,1996;12:118-122.
[56]LI Q M,SHEN X L,JIANG L et al.Expresdon and identification of 0RF3protein of Hepatitis E Virus in E.coli DE3[J].Pro Micrebiol Immunol,2003;31(2):6-11.
[57]TONG Y P.BI S L.LU J e al.Antigen city identification ofrecombinant hepatitis E virus 0RF2 protein expressedin Pichia pastors[J].Chin J Experimental Clinical Virology,2003;17(3):258-261.
[58]Kitagawa H,Ujikawa M,Sugahara K.Developmental changes in serum UD-GlcA:chondroitin glucuronyl-transferase activity[J].J Biol Chem,1996,271(12):6583-6585.
[59]胡爱心,陈廖斌.黄芪多糖对大鼠骨关节炎的影响[J]武汉大学学报.2008;29(2):157-161.
[60]方宇辉,李英俊,金元哲*.黄芪酒精提取液对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2006年,29(1):34-36.
[2]王静,刘洪涛,马强,等.运动性中枢疲劳时大鼠脑乳酸和糖原含量的变化[J].中国运动医学杂志,2005,24(2):452-455.
[3]GastinPB.Enegry system interaction and relative contribution during maximal exeerise[J].sports Med,2001,31(10):725-741.
[4]Pwoers SK,DeRuisseau KC,QuindryJ,et al.Dietary antioxidants and exercise[J].J Sports Sci,2004,22(1):81-94.
[5]Konig D,Wagner KH,Elmadafa I,et al.Exercise and oxidative sterss:significance of antioxidants with reference to inflammatory,muscular,and syatemmic stress[J].Exerc Immunol Rev,2001,7:108-133.
[6]杨锡让.实用运动生理学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2000.
[7]赵敬国.肌肉疲劳的细胞学机制及应对措施[J].中国体育科技,2001,37(1):14-16.
[8]周思红,王艳春.中药复方制剂对力竭性游泳运动后大鼠骨骼肌线粒体的电镜观察[J].西安体育学院学报.2004,21(4):50-53.
[9]王海涛,赵焕彬.维生素消除运动性疲劳的研究现状[J].河北师范大学学报(自然科学版).2001,25(2):278-280.
[10]曹哲伟,李文胜,屈万红,等.养血生乳口服液的药效学研究[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(6):1382-1383.
[11]吴炳英,高玉清,刘桂香,等.人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝的毒性及其抗疲劳、降血脂作用的研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(16):3096-3097,3105.
[12]黄君红,陈丽,巫少明.发酵型酸奶对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(16):3060-3062.
[13]杨文领,薛文通,郭长江,等.抗疲劳中药制剂对游泳小鼠抗疲劳效果观察[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2006,24(3):196-197.
[14]池爱平,陈锦屏,熊正英,等.木枣多糖抗疲劳组分对力竭游泳小鼠糖代谢的影 响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2007,26(4):411-415.
[15]李茂辉,叶丽杰,卢桂华,等.心肌多肽抗疲劳效应的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2006,33(7):1097-1099.
[16]魏钝镭,周永平,徐珊,等.“健力方”抗运动性疲劳作用的实验研究[J].中国体育科技,2001,37(9):41-42.
[17]刘淑娟.不同磷脂对小鼠耐力影响的比较研究[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(2):208-210.
[18]邹海峰,陈燕,蔺艳.黄芪参附对低位中枢神经-肌接头和骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].现代医药卫生,2007,23(16):2375-2376.
[19]彭晓东,沈泳,等.枸杞多糖对电刺激离体蟾蜍腓肠肌疲劳的影响[J].中草药,2000,31(5):356-358.
[20]李宁宁,辛晓林,孙洪兆.茶薪菇多糖延缓离体骨骼肌疲劳的研究[J].滨州医学院学报,2004,27(1):7-8.
[21]王西霞,田吉梅.生脉注射液和参附注射液对中枢、神经-肌接头及骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].云南中医中药杂志,2005,26(1):36-37.
[22]辛晓林,史亚丽,杨立红.银耳多糖对离体骨骼肌疲劳的影响[J].西北农业学报,2006,15(2):128-130,133.
[23]张洪嘉,梁仁哲,李美子,等.当归酒精提取液对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力及小鼠强迫游泳时间的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(2):96-99.
[24]李美子,张洪嘉,梁仁哲,等.轮叶党参对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力及小鼠强迫游泳时间的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(2):92-95.
[25]贺永贵,梁仁哲,尹明浩,等.血府逐瘀口服液对鼠的抗疲劳作用研究[J].陕西中医.2008,29(4):503-505.
[26]邱妍.4种多糖对免疫雏鸡抗体效价和T淋巴细胞的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(1):77-78.
[27]程志斌,葛长荣,韩剑众.中草药有效成分对动物免功能的影响及其应用[J].动物科学与动物医学,2002,19(1):M1-M2.
[28]Smolinski AT,Pestka JJ.Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced proirdlarnmatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin(chamomi le).ginsenoside Rb(1)(ginseng)and parthenolide(feverfew)[J].Food Chem l'oxicol.2003,41(10):1381-1390.
[29]Assinewe VA,Amason.IT.Aubry A.et al.Extractable polysac charides of Panax quinquefolius L.(North American ginseng)root stimulate TNFalpha production byalveolarmacmphages[J].Phytomedicine.2002,9(5):398-404.
[30]Liu ZG,Xlong ZM。Yu XY.Efect of astragelus injection on immane function in patients with congestive heart failure[J].Zhongguo Zhng Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi.2003,23(5):351-353.
[31]Roep BO.The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of type1 diabetes:from cause to cure.Diabetologia.2003;46(3):305-321.
[32]Chen W,Liu F,Yu M H,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide prevent type 1diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.Fu Dan Xue Bao(Yi Xue Ke Xue Ban).2001;28(1):57-60.
[33]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003;21(9):1522-1524.
[34]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用.中西医结合学报.2008;6(2):166-170.
[35]刘洪风,杨勇.黄芪多糖对2-DM胰岛素抵抗大鼠FINS及IR相关指数的影响.牡丹江医学院学报.2008;28(6):14-16.
[36]毛先晴,欧阳静萍.黄芪多糖对饮食诱导小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗的预防作用.中国病理生理杂志.2007;23(11):2222-2225.
[37]赵莲芳 黄芪多糖及人参总皂苷对衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用[J].延边大学医学学报.2006,29(4):249-251.
[38]林爱华,李予蓉.黄芪对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2003,24(17):23.
[39]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003,21(9):1522-1524.
[40]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].中西医结合学报.2008,6(2):166-170.
[41]张洪嘉,李美子,邴艳华,等.在体大鼠神经-骨骼肌标本制作及收缩能力的测定[J].延边大学医学学报,2007,30(4):242-243.
[42]徐晓阳,张爱芳,武桂新,等.抚正理气中药对大强度耐力训练大鼠代谢某些指标的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,1998,17(3):220-223.
[43]糜珏.血红蛋白浓度与赛前训练强度关系的探讨[J].南京体育学院学报,1999,1(1):54-56
[44]罗小兵,戴国钢,马建,等.大强度游泳运动对大鼠肌力和血红蛋白的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,200l,27(1):73--75
[45]洪平,冯连世.高原训练对中长跑运动员血液流变特征的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2003,22(2):177-178,188
[46]李洁,谷长江.骨骼肌钙离子转运系统与肌肉功能的关系[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2004,23(3):301-303
[47]苏克强.运动性肌肉疲劳号恢复的研究进展[J].
[48]魏源,唐晖,罗桂珍,等.力竭运动对大鼠骨骼肌骨浆网钙转动的影响[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2001(12):4
[49]田野等.急性运动对骨骼肌肌浆网钙转动功能的影响[J].运动医学杂志,1997,16(3):173
[50]田野.运动与肌浆网功能[J].体育科学,1995,8(5):116
[51]吕丹云.钙摄人量与运动能力的实验研究[J].体育科学,1999(2):63-67,77
[52]梁仁哲,贺永贵.尹明浩.黄芪水提液对小鼠的抗疲劳作用研究[J].陕西中医,2009,30(4):500-501
[1]黄乔书,吕归宝,李雅臣,等.黄芪多糖的研究[J].药学学报,1982,17(3):200-203.
[2]陈阿琴.黄芪多糖药理作用研究进展[J].中国兽药杂志,2005,39(9):33-36.
[3]郭世宁,张克家,于建辉.黄芪多糖的药理研究进展[J].中兽医学杂志,1996,83(2):41-43.
[4]梁华平,王正国,耿波.黄芪多糖、人参茎叶皂甙对创伤小鼠血浆及免疫细胞内cAMP、cGMP的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,1995,11(6):595-599.
[5]邱妍.4种多糖对免疫雏鸡抗体效价和T淋巴细胞的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(1):77-78.
[6]胡庭俊,梁纪兰,程富胜.黄芪多糖对小鼠脾淋巴细胞蛋白激酶C活性和影响[J].中兽医医药杂志,2003,6(2):11-12.
[7]程志斌,葛长荣,韩剑众.中草药有效成分对动物免功能的影响及其应用[J].动物科学与动物医学,2002,19(1):M1-M2.
[8]Xiangfeng Kong,Yuanliang Hu,Rong Rui,et al、Efects of Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients on peripheral lymphocyte proliferation 36 and serum antibody titer after vaccination in chicken[J].International Immunopharmacology,2004,4:975-982.
[9]Smolinski AT,Pestka JJ.Modulation of lipopolysacchadde-induced proirdlarnmatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin(chamomi le).ginsenoside Rb(1)(ginseng)and parthenolide(feverfew)[J].Food Chem l'oxicol.2003,41(10):1381-1390.
[10]Assinewe VA,Amason.IT.Aubry A.et al.Extractable polysac charides of Panax quinquefolius L.(North American ginseng)root stimulate TNFalpha production by alveolar macmphages[J].Phytomedicine.2002,9(5):398-404.
[11]Liu ZG,Xlong ZMo Yu XY.Efect of astragelus injection on immane function in patiems with congestive heart failure[J].Zhongguo Zhng Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi.2003,23(5):351-353.
[12]储岳峰,李祥瑞,胡元亮.9种中药成分对小鼠免疫细胞活性的影响.南京农业大学学报,2004,27(1):97-100.
[13]Shao B M,Xu W,Dai H,et al.A study on the immune reeeptors for polysaeeharides from the roots af astragalus membranaceus,a Chinese medicinal herb[J].Biochem Biophys Res Comman,2004,320(4):1103.
[14]翁玲,刘彦,刘学英,等.黄芪多糖粉针剂对小鼠脾细胞分泌细胞因子及NK 杀伤能力的影响[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(9):1522.
[15]金虹,王建华.从IL-2水平探讨黄芪及黄芪多糖的免疫调节作用[J].中国免疫学杂志.1989;5(5)
[16]姚金凤,王志新,张晓勇.黄芪多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的调节作用研究[J].河南大学学报(医学版),2005,24(1):34-36.
[17]林爱华,李予蓉.黄芪对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2003,24(17):23.
[18]刘俊英,曾广仙,熊金蓉,等、黄芪多糖对创伤应激小鼠胸腺、脾脏、淋巴细胞中NF-K B mRNA与IL-10mRNA表达影响的形态计量学研究[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2004,9(1):21-24.
[19]曾广仙 黄芪多糖调节创伤应激小鼠免疫功能的研究[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志.2004;24(12):942-945.
[20]赵莲芳 黄芪多糖及人参总皂苷对衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用[J].延边大学医学学报.2006,29(4):249-251.
[21]马宏,张宗玉,童坦君.衰老的生物学标记[J).生理科学进展,2002;33(1):65-68.
[22]赵丹威 黄芪多糖对衰老HDFβ-半乳糖苷酶活性影响的实验研究[J].中国老年学杂志.2006,26(10):1361-1362.
[23]陈群,刘家昌.人参多糖、黄芪多糖、枸杞多糖的研究进展[J].淮南师范学院学报,2001,3(2):39-41.
[24]杨五彪 等 植物多糖对家兔动脉粥样硬化脂质过氧化及炎症反应的干预[J].四川中医2007,25(2):12-14.
[25]魏毅 张贵平 黄芪多糖与白芍总苷对THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞内脂质的影响[J].中药新药与临床药理 2007,18(3):189-191.
[26]张灼 黄芪多糖对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤后的保护作用[J].中国中医药信息杂志.2007:14(2):33-34.
[27]朱海燕 黄芪多糖对人心脏微血管内皮细胞缺氧再复氧损伤后核因子-KB表达的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志.2008;35(1):7-9.
[28]陈蔚.黄芪多糖保护糖尿病心肌的初步研究[J].复旦学报(医学版).2007;34(4):541-544.
[29]张朝云,叶红英,俞茂华,等.黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠心肌超微结构的影响[J].复旦学报(医学科学版),2001,28(6):476-478.
[30]胡元亮,孔样峰,等.10种中药成分对CEF的增殖和抵抗NDV感染的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(3):301-305.
[31]黄宏思.黄芪多糖协同抗癌药物对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用[J].中国现代临床医学,2007,6(4):35-37.
[32]刘振龙,孙明杰,赵文明等.复合中药多糖对小鼠淋巴细胞活性和肿瘤生长抑制的影响[J].中药药理与临床2001,17(4):15-16.
[33]邹丽宜.黄芪多糖对肝纤维化小鼠骨丢失的防治作用[J].中西医结合肝病杂志.2002,12(2):95-98.
[34]彭佳明,牛广宇,彭文,等.黄芪注射液治疗肿瘤放、化疗后白细胞减少症,临床观察[J].中国初级卫生保健,2006,20(8):79.
[35]翁玲,刘彦,刘学英,等.黄芪多糖粉针剂对小鼠牌细胞分泌细胞因子及NK杀伤能力的影响[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(9):1522-1524.
[36]解丽华,马玉彦,冯素文,等.黄芪多糖对癌性腹水淋巴细胞(CTI)激活的增效作用[J].实用肿瘤学杂志.1994,(4):11-12.
[37]Roep BO.The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of type1 diabetes:from cause to cure.Diabetologia.2003;46(3):305-321.
[38]Chen W,Liu F,Yu M H,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide prevent type 1diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.Fu Dan Xue Bao(Yi Xue Ke Xue Ban).2001;28(1):57-60.
[39]Weng L,Liu Y,Liu XY,al.Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on splenocyte cytokine secretion patterns and NK cells.Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan.2003;21(9):1522-1524.
[40]李如江,邱曙东.黄芪多糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠的免疫调节作用.中西医结合学报.2008;6(2):166-170.
[41]刘洪风,杨勇.黄芪多糖对2-DM胰岛素抵抗大鼠FINS及IR相关指数的影响.牡丹江医学院学报.2008;28(6):14-16.
[42]毛先晴,欧阳静萍.黄芪多糖对饮食诱导小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗的预防作用.中国病理生理杂志.2007;23(11):2222-2225.
[43]刘洪玲,姜惠卿,侯玉梅,等.黄芪多糖治疗糖尿病的药理作用探要[J].中国药师,2004;7(8):585-587.
[44]吴朝妍,张莹雯.黄芪多糖对肾阳虚型糖尿病大鼠肾组织NF-κB、TGF-β_1的影响.武汉大学学报.2006;27(3):381-384
[45]孙梅.黄芪多糖对LPS损伤小肠上皮细胞的保护作用[J].世界华人消化杂志,2008;16(1):15-17.
[46]袁媛.黄芪多糖对内毒素刺激体外培养肠上皮细胞间黏附分子-1的调节作用[].中国中西医结合急救杂志.2008;15(2):114-116.
[47]刘兵荣,丁新生.大鼠脑出血后核因子-κB的表达及黄芪多糖的干预作用[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学.2007;14(3):160-163.
[48]Hickcnlxntom SL.GrottajC.RogerS.et al.Nue|ear factor-kappaB and cell demh after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.S1 rokc.1999.30(11):2472-2427.
[49]Sen R.Baltimore D.Multiple nuclear factor interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences.Cell,1986,46(5):705-716.
[50]Clemens JA,Stephenson DT,Yin T,et al.Drug-induced neuroprotection from global ischemia is assoeiated with prevention of persistent but not transient ctivation of nuelear factor-kappaB in rats[J].Stroke,1998,29:677-682.
[51]Grilli M,Pizzi M,Memo M,et al.Neuroprotection by aspirin and sodium salicylate through blockade of NF-kappaB activation[J].Science,1996,274:1383-1385.
[52]郑一,高玉红黄芪多糖对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后迟发性神经元死亡影响的实验研究[J].中医药学刊.2006;24(7):268-269.
[53]桑秋凌,刘飙.黄芪多糖对坐骨神经华勒变性大鼠细胞免疫功能的作用研究[J].中国免疫学杂志.2008;24(2):147-148.
[54]王笑梅,王秀荣,杨琳,等.CIA抗体的间接ELISA检测方法[J].中国畜禽传染病. 1998;20(4):231-232.
[55]BI S L.JIANG Y Z.ZHAO H L et al.Expression of the Hepatitis E Virus structural proteins in E.coli and application of the recombinant products for diagnosis[J].Chin J Virology,1996;12:118-122.
[56]LI Q M,SHEN X L,JIANG L et al.Expresdon and identification of 0RF3protein of Hepatitis E Virus in E.coli DE3[J].Pro Micrebiol Immunol,2003;31(2):6-11.
[57]TONG Y P.BI S L.LU J e al.Antigen city identification ofrecombinant hepatitis E virus 0RF2 protein expressedin Pichia pastors[J].Chin J Experimental Clinical Virology,2003;17(3):258-261.
[58]Kitagawa H,Ujikawa M,Sugahara K.Developmental changes in serum UD-GlcA:chondroitin glucuronyl-transferase activity[J].J Biol Chem,1996,271(12):6583-6585.
[59]胡爱心,陈廖斌.黄芪多糖对大鼠骨关节炎的影响[J]武汉大学学报.2008;29(2):157-161.
[60]方宇辉,李英俊,金元哲*.黄芪酒精提取液对大鼠骨骼肌收缩力的影响[J].延边大学医学学报,2006年,29(1):34-36.