黄渤海大气气溶胶卫星观测与时间序列分析
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摘要
大气气溶胶通过散射和吸收太阳辐射影响气候,并影响云的形成及性质,同时还与人类健康、经济生活息息相关。中国沿岸地区经济发达、工业发展迅速,气溶胶与人类的关系更加密切。因此开展黄渤海区域大气气溶胶卫星观测和时间序列分析研究,获得其时空分布特征、变化趋势以及与其他气象水文要素之间的关系,具有重要的现实意义。
本文收集了中国黄渤海区域(112～125°E,35～45°N)2000～2009年10年内MODIS气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth, AOD)月均标准数据(MOD08_M3),与AERONET的实测数据进行验证,精度符合设计要求。将AOD数据按陆地和海洋(陆海)像元及海洋像元两类分别进行经验模态分解(EMD),结合厄尔尼诺指数( El Nin~o index)和研究区海表温度讨论黄渤海海区气溶胶时间变化特征及成因。研究表明该陆海区域大气气溶胶光学厚度6月份多为全年最高,海洋区域最高值出现在4-7月之间;秋冬季(10-2月)气溶胶光学厚度达到最低;EMD分解获得的大于1年周期分量与南方涛动指数存在较高的相关性,其变化提前于南方涛动指数12个月,说明大气气溶胶同样受到全球气候变化的影响;黄渤海海域无海冰覆盖的海洋像元SST数据EMD分解获得的趋势项与对应像元AOD数据趋势项的相关系数为0.94,具有较高的相关性;渤海(38°-39°N,119°-120°E)像元AOD与SST的EMD趋势项走势基本一致,相关系数达到0.99,存在高度相关,结果显示海表温度与气溶胶存在逐年升高的共同趋势,分析认为这可能与研究区三面环陆的独特地理位置以及沿海经济区人口和工业密集排放的温室气体存在关联。
The atmospheric aerosol influences the climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, as well as cloud forming and its microphysics property. Aerosol is closely linked to human health and economy, especially in Chinese coastal area, where economy and industry grow fast. The study on the satellite observation and time series analysis of atmospheric aerosol in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, which can obtain its temporal and spatial distribution, trend, as well as the connection with other meteorological and hydrological factors, has a great significance.
The monthly averaged standard MODIS data of atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) from Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea(112～125°E,35～45°N), ranging from 2000~2009 are collected. The validity of data is proved by compared with AERONET data, designed accuracy is achieved. Variation of atmospheric aerosol specified by area of land-ocean/ocean is analyzed using Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), the time variation property and casualty is discussed together with El Nin~ o index and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the research area. The results show that the atmospheric aerosol optical depth mostly reaches the maximum value in June in land-ocean area,while the maximum value in ocean area appears in the time of April to July; In autumn and winter (from October to February), the atmospheric aerosol optical depth descends to its minimum; the sum of modes obtained by Emperical Mode Decomposition (EMD) whose characteristic period is more than one year shows a relatively high correlation with Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and the phase is temporally 12 months ahead of SOI, which indicates that the atmospheric aerosol is influenced by global climate change. In Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the correlation coefficient between EMD based trends of atmospheric aerosol and SST in sea area without ice coverage in the whole year reaches 0.94; In a specifically selected area(38°-39°N,119°-120°E), the correlation coefficient betwend the two trends reaches as high as 0.99. The result shows SST and aerosol have the same ascending trend, which is dependent on the unique geographic location of the research area and the great amount of greenhouse gas produced by adjacent coastal industries.
本文收集了中国黄渤海区域(112～125°E,35～45°N)2000～2009年10年内MODIS气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth, AOD)月均标准数据(MOD08_M3),与AERONET的实测数据进行验证,精度符合设计要求。将AOD数据按陆地和海洋(陆海)像元及海洋像元两类分别进行经验模态分解(EMD),结合厄尔尼诺指数( El Nin~o index)和研究区海表温度讨论黄渤海海区气溶胶时间变化特征及成因。研究表明该陆海区域大气气溶胶光学厚度6月份多为全年最高,海洋区域最高值出现在4-7月之间;秋冬季(10-2月)气溶胶光学厚度达到最低;EMD分解获得的大于1年周期分量与南方涛动指数存在较高的相关性,其变化提前于南方涛动指数12个月,说明大气气溶胶同样受到全球气候变化的影响;黄渤海海域无海冰覆盖的海洋像元SST数据EMD分解获得的趋势项与对应像元AOD数据趋势项的相关系数为0.94,具有较高的相关性;渤海(38°-39°N,119°-120°E)像元AOD与SST的EMD趋势项走势基本一致,相关系数达到0.99,存在高度相关,结果显示海表温度与气溶胶存在逐年升高的共同趋势,分析认为这可能与研究区三面环陆的独特地理位置以及沿海经济区人口和工业密集排放的温室气体存在关联。
The atmospheric aerosol influences the climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, as well as cloud forming and its microphysics property. Aerosol is closely linked to human health and economy, especially in Chinese coastal area, where economy and industry grow fast. The study on the satellite observation and time series analysis of atmospheric aerosol in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, which can obtain its temporal and spatial distribution, trend, as well as the connection with other meteorological and hydrological factors, has a great significance.
The monthly averaged standard MODIS data of atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) from Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea(112～125°E,35～45°N), ranging from 2000~2009 are collected. The validity of data is proved by compared with AERONET data, designed accuracy is achieved. Variation of atmospheric aerosol specified by area of land-ocean/ocean is analyzed using Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), the time variation property and casualty is discussed together with El Nin~ o index and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the research area. The results show that the atmospheric aerosol optical depth mostly reaches the maximum value in June in land-ocean area,while the maximum value in ocean area appears in the time of April to July; In autumn and winter (from October to February), the atmospheric aerosol optical depth descends to its minimum; the sum of modes obtained by Emperical Mode Decomposition (EMD) whose characteristic period is more than one year shows a relatively high correlation with Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and the phase is temporally 12 months ahead of SOI, which indicates that the atmospheric aerosol is influenced by global climate change. In Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the correlation coefficient between EMD based trends of atmospheric aerosol and SST in sea area without ice coverage in the whole year reaches 0.94; In a specifically selected area(38°-39°N,119°-120°E), the correlation coefficient betwend the two trends reaches as high as 0.99. The result shows SST and aerosol have the same ascending trend, which is dependent on the unique geographic location of the research area and the great amount of greenhouse gas produced by adjacent coastal industries.
引文
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