当代高等师范院校师范生职业价值观研究
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摘要
随着中国改革开放的不断深入,市场经济体制的逐步建立,人们生活、思想行为、价值观均发生很大的变化;与此同时,大学生就业制度由原来国家的统包分配转到国家政策指导下的自主择业、双向选择,从观念和体制两个方面给大学生的职业价值观带来很大的影响,这种影响也波及高等师范院校的师范生。
高等师范院校的师范生价值观的变化,给我们教育者提出了更高的要求,如何对高等师范院校的师范生进行正确的职业价值观教育,使他们在满足个人需要与社会需要之间寻找结合点,本论文就这方面问题作了探讨。
论文首先对价值观、职业价值观和高等师范院校师范生职业价值观的概念进行了辨析,在此基础上,阐述了研究高等师范院校师范生职业价值观的理论意义和实践意义。在理论研究和调查分析的基础上,从高师生专业思想、择业行为、教育实践、职业心理辅导等实际应用方面分析,为研究高等师范院校的师范生进行正确的职业价值观教育提供指导的实践意义。
其次,对高等师范院校的师范生职业价值观的职业价值主体意识自我化、职业价值评价、标准趋向现实和具体化、职业价值取向呈现多样化、复杂化、实现职业价值的途径和手段多样化等现状进行概括分析存在的问题,并详细分析了造成存在问题的多方面原因,通过研究调查分析总结出社会结构变化、产业结构的调整、就业制度的改变等是高师生职业价值观存在问题的主要影响因素。
最后,针对问题,提出了帮助高等师范院校的师范生树立正确职业价值观的教育对策:各级政府和全社会应高度重视和大力支持;学校要加强正确职业价值观的引导和教育,充分做好高等师范院校师范生的就业指导工作;同时家长也应配合学校以及根据自己孩子的特点进行有的放矢的职业价值观教育;当然最终一切的教育都要依赖于高师生个人思想认识的提高,真正投身到教育者的职业生涯中去。
As the development of China's reform and opening up , the market economy system has gradually established and a lot of changes have taken place in people's lives, thinking mode and behavior, and sense of values. At the same time, The university graduates' employment system changes from state employment to the two-way selection between the graduates and employers and the graduates have the freedom to choose jobs on their own. Such changes have a great impact on university graduates' occupational values. And such influences can also be seen on the pedagogical college graduates.
The changes in the occupational values of pedagogical university students set a higher request for educators. How to help the pedagogical college students to acquire the correct occupational values and how to enable them combine their individual needs and the social needs are the key questions discussed in this paper.
First of all, The paper makes a discrimination in values, professional values and the pedagogical college students' occupational values. Based on this, it elaborates the theoretical and practical significance of the research on the pedagogical college students' occupational values. It further elaborates the occupational values and the two-way selection from the theoretical point of view, and enriches the structural theory of the occupational values. On the basis of theoretical research and diagnosis, the paper has analyzed the pedagogical college students' practical occupational thought, career choices, teaching practice, professional psychological counselling and so on, so it is a paper which can provide guidance for the occupational values education in the pedagogical colleges.
Secondly, based on the present situation, such as the principal value of self-awareness, the appraisal standards of occupationall value tend to be realistic and specific, the occupationall value orientation becomes diversified and complicated, the way and the method of realizing occupational value presents diversification and so on, the paper analyses the existing questions on the pedagogical colleges students' professional values and the various reasons.According to the researches, my paper comes to a conclusion that the pedagogical college students' professional values are chiefly influenced by the changes and adjustments in social structure, industrial structure, and the employment system and so on.
Finally, concentrating on the above question, strategies that aim to help the pedagogical colleges students to set up the correct sense of values are put forward. The government at all levels and the whole society should take it seriously and support it vigorously .The school must strengthen the guidance and the education of the correct occupational values and complete the task of directing the pedagogical colleges students' employment successfully. At the same time, parents should also cooperate with schools and based on the characteristics of their children to carry out the professional values education. Of course all such education must ultimately rely on the improvement of the pedagogical college students' individual recognition and their willingness to plunge into the career as a teacher.
高等师范院校的师范生价值观的变化,给我们教育者提出了更高的要求,如何对高等师范院校的师范生进行正确的职业价值观教育,使他们在满足个人需要与社会需要之间寻找结合点,本论文就这方面问题作了探讨。
论文首先对价值观、职业价值观和高等师范院校师范生职业价值观的概念进行了辨析,在此基础上,阐述了研究高等师范院校师范生职业价值观的理论意义和实践意义。在理论研究和调查分析的基础上,从高师生专业思想、择业行为、教育实践、职业心理辅导等实际应用方面分析,为研究高等师范院校的师范生进行正确的职业价值观教育提供指导的实践意义。
其次,对高等师范院校的师范生职业价值观的职业价值主体意识自我化、职业价值评价、标准趋向现实和具体化、职业价值取向呈现多样化、复杂化、实现职业价值的途径和手段多样化等现状进行概括分析存在的问题,并详细分析了造成存在问题的多方面原因,通过研究调查分析总结出社会结构变化、产业结构的调整、就业制度的改变等是高师生职业价值观存在问题的主要影响因素。
最后,针对问题,提出了帮助高等师范院校的师范生树立正确职业价值观的教育对策:各级政府和全社会应高度重视和大力支持;学校要加强正确职业价值观的引导和教育,充分做好高等师范院校师范生的就业指导工作;同时家长也应配合学校以及根据自己孩子的特点进行有的放矢的职业价值观教育;当然最终一切的教育都要依赖于高师生个人思想认识的提高,真正投身到教育者的职业生涯中去。
As the development of China's reform and opening up , the market economy system has gradually established and a lot of changes have taken place in people's lives, thinking mode and behavior, and sense of values. At the same time, The university graduates' employment system changes from state employment to the two-way selection between the graduates and employers and the graduates have the freedom to choose jobs on their own. Such changes have a great impact on university graduates' occupational values. And such influences can also be seen on the pedagogical college graduates.
The changes in the occupational values of pedagogical university students set a higher request for educators. How to help the pedagogical college students to acquire the correct occupational values and how to enable them combine their individual needs and the social needs are the key questions discussed in this paper.
First of all, The paper makes a discrimination in values, professional values and the pedagogical college students' occupational values. Based on this, it elaborates the theoretical and practical significance of the research on the pedagogical college students' occupational values. It further elaborates the occupational values and the two-way selection from the theoretical point of view, and enriches the structural theory of the occupational values. On the basis of theoretical research and diagnosis, the paper has analyzed the pedagogical college students' practical occupational thought, career choices, teaching practice, professional psychological counselling and so on, so it is a paper which can provide guidance for the occupational values education in the pedagogical colleges.
Secondly, based on the present situation, such as the principal value of self-awareness, the appraisal standards of occupationall value tend to be realistic and specific, the occupationall value orientation becomes diversified and complicated, the way and the method of realizing occupational value presents diversification and so on, the paper analyses the existing questions on the pedagogical colleges students' professional values and the various reasons.According to the researches, my paper comes to a conclusion that the pedagogical college students' professional values are chiefly influenced by the changes and adjustments in social structure, industrial structure, and the employment system and so on.
Finally, concentrating on the above question, strategies that aim to help the pedagogical colleges students to set up the correct sense of values are put forward. The government at all levels and the whole society should take it seriously and support it vigorously .The school must strengthen the guidance and the education of the correct occupational values and complete the task of directing the pedagogical colleges students' employment successfully. At the same time, parents should also cooperate with schools and based on the characteristics of their children to carry out the professional values education. Of course all such education must ultimately rely on the improvement of the pedagogical college students' individual recognition and their willingness to plunge into the career as a teacher.
引文
1 RoeRA,EsterP.Values and work:empirical findings and theoretical perspective.Applied psychology:an international review,1999,48(1):1-21
2 Super.D.E.A life—span,life—space approach to career development.Journal ofOccupational Psychology,1980,52:129-148
3 Hofstede,G.Cultural relativity of the quality of life concept.Academy of managementreview,1984,9:389-398
4 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,and the meaning of work.Apnlied psychology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
1 刘永芳.价值观形成与发展的条件、过程、规律初探.山东师范大学学报(社科版),1998,1,61-65
1 Eiizur D,Sagie A.Facts of personal values:a structural analysis of life and work values.Applied Psychology:an international review,1999,48(1):73-87
2 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,and the meaning of work.Apnlied psyehology:aninte mational review,1999,48(1):49-71
3 Sehwartz5 H.Atheorfeulturalvaluesandsomeimplieationsforwork.Applied psychology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):23-47
4 楼静波执笔.当代青年的职业价值观.青年研究,1990,11:35-44
5 宁维卫.我国两城市青年职业价值观研究.西南师范大学心理学系硕士研究生论文,1991
6 卢荣远等著(俞文钊主编).职业心理与职业指导.北京,人民教育出版社,1996
1 刘璐俐.大专学生工作价值观之调查研究.第三届两岸心理与教育测验学术研讨会论文,1997,12
2 凌文辁、方俐洛、白利刚.我国大学生的职业价值观研究.心理学报,1999,3:342-347
3 廖泉文.人力资源发展系统.济南,山东人民出版社,2000,4,123-130
4 Keller L M,Bouehard T J,Arvey R D,Segal N L,etc.Work values:Genetic and Environmental influences.Journal of applied psychology,1992,77(1):79-88
1 张进辅,张蜀林.大学生的人生价值观与职业价值观及其相互关系的调查研究.心理科学杂志,1989,1:9-17
2 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,andthemeaning ofwork.Apnliedpsyehoiogy:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
3 Eiizur D,Sagie A.Facts of personal values:a structural analysis of life and work values.Applied Psychology:an international review,1999,48(1):73-87
4 Sehwartz5H.Atheoryofeulturalvaluesandsomeimplieationsforwork.Applied
5 余华,黄希庭.大学生与内地企业员工职业价值观的比较研究.心理科学,2000,6:739-740
6 于海波,张大均,张进辅.高师生职业价值观研究的初步构想.西南师范大学学报(社科),2001,2:61-66
1 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,andthemeaning ofwork.Apnliedpsyehology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
2 黄希庭、张进辅、李红等.当代中国青年价值观与教育.成都,四川教育出版社,1994
3 叶松庆.当代师范大学生的择业观透视.青年探索,2000,2:26-28
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2 Super.D.E.A life—span,life—space approach to career development.Journal ofOccupational Psychology,1980,52:129-148
3 Hofstede,G.Cultural relativity of the quality of life concept.Academy of managementreview,1984,9:389-398
4 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,and the meaning of work.Apnlied psychology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
1 刘永芳.价值观形成与发展的条件、过程、规律初探.山东师范大学学报(社科版),1998,1,61-65
1 Eiizur D,Sagie A.Facts of personal values:a structural analysis of life and work values.Applied Psychology:an international review,1999,48(1):73-87
2 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,and the meaning of work.Apnlied psyehology:aninte mational review,1999,48(1):49-71
3 Sehwartz5 H.Atheorfeulturalvaluesandsomeimplieationsforwork.Applied psychology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):23-47
4 楼静波执笔.当代青年的职业价值观.青年研究,1990,11:35-44
5 宁维卫.我国两城市青年职业价值观研究.西南师范大学心理学系硕士研究生论文,1991
6 卢荣远等著(俞文钊主编).职业心理与职业指导.北京,人民教育出版社,1996
1 刘璐俐.大专学生工作价值观之调查研究.第三届两岸心理与教育测验学术研讨会论文,1997,12
2 凌文辁、方俐洛、白利刚.我国大学生的职业价值观研究.心理学报,1999,3:342-347
3 廖泉文.人力资源发展系统.济南,山东人民出版社,2000,4,123-130
4 Keller L M,Bouehard T J,Arvey R D,Segal N L,etc.Work values:Genetic and Environmental influences.Journal of applied psychology,1992,77(1):79-88
1 张进辅,张蜀林.大学生的人生价值观与职业价值观及其相互关系的调查研究.心理科学杂志,1989,1:9-17
2 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,andthemeaning ofwork.Apnliedpsyehoiogy:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
3 Eiizur D,Sagie A.Facts of personal values:a structural analysis of life and work values.Applied Psychology:an international review,1999,48(1):73-87
4 Sehwartz5H.Atheoryofeulturalvaluesandsomeimplieationsforwork.Applied
5 余华,黄希庭.大学生与内地企业员工职业价值观的比较研究.心理科学,2000,6:739-740
6 于海波,张大均,张进辅.高师生职业价值观研究的初步构想.西南师范大学学报(社科),2001,2:61-66
1 RosM,SehwartzSH,Surkiss5.Basieindividualvalues,workvalues,andthemeaning ofwork.Apnliedpsyehology:aninternationalreview,1999,48(1):49-71
2 黄希庭、张进辅、李红等.当代中国青年价值观与教育.成都,四川教育出版社,1994
3 叶松庆.当代师范大学生的择业观透视.青年探索,2000,2:26-28
[1]黄希庭、张进辅、李红等.当代中国青年价值观与教育[M].成都:四川教育出版社,1994
[2]卢荣远等著(俞文钊主编).职业心理与职业指导[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1996
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