金属带复合无级传动理论分析与仿真研究
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摘要
金属带无级传动已在小轿车变速中广泛应用,可以有效提高车辆的燃油经济性和动力性,是轿车的理想传动形式之一,但其传动比范围、最大扭矩有限,无法满足较大功率车辆使用。金属带复合无级传动能提高金属带无级传动的速比范围、最大扭矩,扩大金属带无级传动的应用范围。本文开展金属带复合无级传动理论分析与仿真研究。
本文提出了一种金属带复合无级传动的最佳方案;推导了正、反相位工况金属带复合无级传动输出转速的计算公式和各段位之间的换段条件关系式,得到了正、反向汇流行星排特性参数之间的数学关系,导出了正向汇流行星排特性参数k z,反向汇流行星排特性参数k f及公比?的取值范围;分析了金属带复合无级传动正、反相位工况的功率流形式,推导了其扭矩、分流功率比的计算公式,结果表明分流功率比由汇流行星排决定,与段位数无关,其大小取决于公比?和金属带无级传动的传动比范围;推导了正、反相位工况金属带复合无级传动效率的计算公式,利用MATLAB仿真软件建立系统效率的仿真模型,通过仿真研究,获得系统的效率曲线,分析了系统效率与金属带无级传动效率、传动比、传递扭矩以及输入转速的关系,结果表明系统效率随金属带无级传动的传动比、传递扭矩、输入转速的增加而增加。
本文研究表明,金属带复合无级传动不仅能扩大金属带无级传动的速比范围,提高传递功率和输出扭矩,且效率明显高于金属带无级传动,适合于较大功率车辆传动使用。
CVT (Metal V-belt Continuously Variable Transmission) is one of perfect transmission of cars, which has been greatly applied in transmission of cars and can improve power and fuel economy. However, it can’t be used in transmission of larger power vehicles because of the limited speed ratio coverage and maximum output torque. The Composite CVT System can improve the speed ratio coverage and the maximal output torque of CVT, and enlarge application range of CVT. Theory analysis and simulation of the composite CVT system had been researched in the thesis.
The thesis presented a optimum plan of composite CVT system, deduced the formula of output speed of the composite CVT system in the positive and negative phases as well as the relationship between each range when exchanged the ranges, obtained mathematical formula between the dual-mode power summing planetary gear sets parameters and derived the value range of k z, k fand? . The power flow forms of composite CVT system in positive and negative phases were analyzed, formulas of its torque and diffluent power ratio were deduced, it’s concluded that the diffluent power ratio was determined by the planetary gear set, has nothing to do with the ranges and its size depended on the geometric ratio value? and the CVT speed ratio coverage. Formulas of overall transmission efficiency of the composite CVT system in positive and negative phase were deduced, the model of overall transmission efficiency was established by MATLAB simulation software, the efficiency curve was obtained by simulation, and the relation between overall transmission efficiency and CVT efficiency CVT transmission ratio, transmission torque or input speed was analyzed. The results indicated that the overall transmission efficiency was improved as CVT transmission ratio, transmission torque and input speed increased.
The research indicates that the composite CVT system not only expands the speed ratio coverage of CVT as well as improves transmission power and output torque, but also has significantly higher efficiency than CVT transmission. Therefore, the composite CVT system is suitable for larger power vehicles.
本文提出了一种金属带复合无级传动的最佳方案;推导了正、反相位工况金属带复合无级传动输出转速的计算公式和各段位之间的换段条件关系式,得到了正、反向汇流行星排特性参数之间的数学关系,导出了正向汇流行星排特性参数k z,反向汇流行星排特性参数k f及公比?的取值范围;分析了金属带复合无级传动正、反相位工况的功率流形式,推导了其扭矩、分流功率比的计算公式,结果表明分流功率比由汇流行星排决定,与段位数无关,其大小取决于公比?和金属带无级传动的传动比范围;推导了正、反相位工况金属带复合无级传动效率的计算公式,利用MATLAB仿真软件建立系统效率的仿真模型,通过仿真研究,获得系统的效率曲线,分析了系统效率与金属带无级传动效率、传动比、传递扭矩以及输入转速的关系,结果表明系统效率随金属带无级传动的传动比、传递扭矩、输入转速的增加而增加。
本文研究表明,金属带复合无级传动不仅能扩大金属带无级传动的速比范围,提高传递功率和输出扭矩,且效率明显高于金属带无级传动,适合于较大功率车辆传动使用。
CVT (Metal V-belt Continuously Variable Transmission) is one of perfect transmission of cars, which has been greatly applied in transmission of cars and can improve power and fuel economy. However, it can’t be used in transmission of larger power vehicles because of the limited speed ratio coverage and maximum output torque. The Composite CVT System can improve the speed ratio coverage and the maximal output torque of CVT, and enlarge application range of CVT. Theory analysis and simulation of the composite CVT system had been researched in the thesis.
The thesis presented a optimum plan of composite CVT system, deduced the formula of output speed of the composite CVT system in the positive and negative phases as well as the relationship between each range when exchanged the ranges, obtained mathematical formula between the dual-mode power summing planetary gear sets parameters and derived the value range of k z, k fand? . The power flow forms of composite CVT system in positive and negative phases were analyzed, formulas of its torque and diffluent power ratio were deduced, it’s concluded that the diffluent power ratio was determined by the planetary gear set, has nothing to do with the ranges and its size depended on the geometric ratio value? and the CVT speed ratio coverage. Formulas of overall transmission efficiency of the composite CVT system in positive and negative phase were deduced, the model of overall transmission efficiency was established by MATLAB simulation software, the efficiency curve was obtained by simulation, and the relation between overall transmission efficiency and CVT efficiency CVT transmission ratio, transmission torque or input speed was analyzed. The results indicated that the overall transmission efficiency was improved as CVT transmission ratio, transmission torque and input speed increased.
The research indicates that the composite CVT system not only expands the speed ratio coverage of CVT as well as improves transmission power and output torque, but also has significantly higher efficiency than CVT transmission. Therefore, the composite CVT system is suitable for larger power vehicles.
引文
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[3]黄向东,张小琴,罗玉涛等.功率分流双向汇流的新型复合无级变速系统[J].华南理工大学学报,2002,Vol.30 (11):106-112.
[4]李春青,彭建中,吴彤峰.国内外汽车无级变速(CVT)技术的发展概况[J].广西工学院学报,2004,Vol.15(4):19-23.
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[8]张合忠.关注民族汽车,支持民族CVT[J].MC现代零部件,2004(7):30-32.
[9] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara . A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 1 : Realation Between Transmit2 ted Torque and Pulley Thrust [C] . SAE Tech. Paper Series, 930666,1993.
[10] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara. A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 2 : Compression Force Between Metal Blocks and Ring Tension[C] . SAE Tech. Paper Series, 930667,1993.
[11] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara. A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 3 : What Force Act On Metal Blocks? [J] . SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671, 1995.
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[16]程乃士,刘温.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的试验研究[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2000,vol.21(4):394-396.
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[18]廖建,孙冬野,秦大同.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的理论分析[J].重庆大学学报,2003,vol.26(3):12-15.
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[21]刘修骥.车辆传动系统分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.1998.
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[23]崔松竹,程岭.组合式无级变速器的循环功率流分析[J].沈阳工业学院学报,1996,Vol.15 (1):6-14.
[24]崔松林.组合式无级变速传动的结构参数分析[J].沈阳工业学院学报,1998,Vol.17(2):106-110.
[25]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置特性分析[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报,1997,Vol.19(1): 89-93.
[26]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置特性分析续[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报, 1997,Vol.19(2):86-89.
[27]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置的滑差率分析[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报, 1998(1):118-121.
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[29]郗向儒,李珣等.组合式无级变速器的主动设计[J].陕西科技大学学报.2003,Vol.21(6):60-62.
[30]孙冬野,秦大同,廖建.金属带-行星齿轮无级变速传动效率特性分析[J].农业机械学报.2004,Vol.35 (5):12-15.
[31] Mantriota,G. Infinitely Variable Transmissions With Automatic Regulation. Proc. Instn. Mech. Eng. Vol.215,Part D,pp.1267-1279,2001.
[32]苑士华.多段液压机械双流无级传动的理论与试验研究[D].北京理工大学的博士学位论文.1999.
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[34] Mantriota,G. Theoretical and Experimantal Study of a Power Split Continuously Variable Transmission System, Part 1 .Proc .Instn. Mech.Engers.Vol.215,Part D,pp.837-850,2001.
[35] Mantriota..G. Theoretical and Experimantal Study of a Power Split Continuously Variable Transmission System, Part 2 . Proc .Instn. Mech.Engers.Vol.215,Part D,pp851-864,2001.
[36]杨凌,黄向东,罗玉涛,赵克刚,黄河.车用复合无级变速器行星排组拓扑分析[J].机械传动.2006,Vol.30(2):52-55.
[37]韩兆林,胡纪滨.液压机械传动中机械变速箱传动比规律研究[J].机械设计.2003 Vol.20(12):39-41.
[38]石福华,刘钊.无级变速传动综述[J].机电工程技术.2004 Vol.33(2):15-17.
[39]李华英,秦大同,N.A.Attia.牵引式锥盘滚轮CVT的研究现状及发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报.2003 Vol.26(4):15-19.
[40]程乃士.汽车金属带式无级变速器[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[41] V.H.Mucino.ZLu,J.E.Simth等.汽车采用的无级变速功率分流变速器的设计[J].传动技术.2007:18-25.
[42]余志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2000.
[43]陈家瑞.汽车构造[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2004.
[44]冯力平.本田飞度轿车CVT变速器结构与维修[J].汽车诊所.2005(10):18-21.
[45]桂乃磐,郭惠昕,罗佑新.2K-H单向封闭差动无级变速器效率计算方法的比较研究[J].机械研究与应用,2002,vol15(1):25-29.
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[47]饶振纲.行星齿轮传动设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2003.
[48]薛隆泉,苏志霄,郗向儒等.组合式无级变速器的效率计算[J].传动技术.1996(2):35-37.
[2]李贤彬.汽车无级变速技术的发展现状与展望[J].邢台职业技术学院学报,2005,Vol.22 (1):24-26.
[3]黄向东,张小琴,罗玉涛等.功率分流双向汇流的新型复合无级变速系统[J].华南理工大学学报,2002,Vol.30 (11):106-112.
[4]李春青,彭建中,吴彤峰.国内外汽车无级变速(CVT)技术的发展概况[J].广西工学院学报,2004,Vol.15(4):19-23.
[5]胡国良,徐兵,杨华勇.汽车金属带式无级变速传动技术[J].工程设计学报.2003,Vol.10 (2) :89-92.
[6]冯樱,罗永革,何晓春,郝琪.CVT-无级变速器的发展综述[J].湖北汽车工业学院学报1999,Vol.13 (4):15-18.
[7]虞至正.国际变速器精品赏析(上)[EB/OL], http://www.mw1950.com/ html /200612 /1225/ 20061225144357805.shtml,2006.12.25.
[8]张合忠.关注民族汽车,支持民族CVT[J].MC现代零部件,2004(7):30-32.
[9] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara . A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 1 : Realation Between Transmit2 ted Torque and Pulley Thrust [C] . SAE Tech. Paper Series, 930666,1993.
[10] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara. A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 2 : Compression Force Between Metal Blocks and Ring Tension[C] . SAE Tech. Paper Series, 930667,1993.
[11] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara. A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 3 : What Force Act On Metal Blocks? [J] . SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671, 1995.
[12] Fujii ,T Kurokawa , S Kanehara. A Study on a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 4 : Force Act On Metal Blocks When The Speed Ratio Is Changing [C] . SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671, 1995.
[13]刘俊普,李来平.金属带式无级变速器钢环组力学模型的建立[J].机械传动,2002 ,Vol.26(3):6-8.
[14]郭毅超,何维廉.金属带式无级变速器的力学分析[J].机械传动,2002,Vol.26(1):41-44.
[15]刘合法,何维廉.金属带式无级变速器的效率计算[J].传动技术,1997(4):44-51.
[16]程乃士,刘温.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的试验研究[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2000,vol.21(4):394-396.
[17]孙德志,谭振江.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的分析[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2002,vol.23(1):53-56.
[18]廖建,孙冬野,秦大同.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的理论分析[J].重庆大学学报,2003,vol.26(3):12-15.
[19] Kress,J. Hydrostatic Power-Spliting Transmissions for Wheeled Vechecles Classification and Theory of Operation. SAE Techenical Paper NO.680549,1968.
[20]葛安林.车辆自动变速理论与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社.1993.
[21]刘修骥.车辆传动系统分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.1998.
[22]崔松林.组合式无级变速器设计与研究[J].沈阳工业学院学报,1994,Vol.13(2):35-40.
[23]崔松竹,程岭.组合式无级变速器的循环功率流分析[J].沈阳工业学院学报,1996,Vol.15 (1):6-14.
[24]崔松林.组合式无级变速传动的结构参数分析[J].沈阳工业学院学报,1998,Vol.17(2):106-110.
[25]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置特性分析[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报,1997,Vol.19(1): 89-93.
[26]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置特性分析续[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报, 1997,Vol.19(2):86-89.
[27]朱中喜.组合式无级变速装置的滑差率分析[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报, 1998(1):118-121.
[28]郗向儒,薛隆泉,崔亚辉.封闭差动无级变速传动的研究[J].机械.1997,Vol.24(1):2-6.
[29]郗向儒,李珣等.组合式无级变速器的主动设计[J].陕西科技大学学报.2003,Vol.21(6):60-62.
[30]孙冬野,秦大同,廖建.金属带-行星齿轮无级变速传动效率特性分析[J].农业机械学报.2004,Vol.35 (5):12-15.
[31] Mantriota,G. Infinitely Variable Transmissions With Automatic Regulation. Proc. Instn. Mech. Eng. Vol.215,Part D,pp.1267-1279,2001.
[32]苑士华.多段液压机械双流无级传动的理论与试验研究[D].北京理工大学的博士学位论文.1999.
[33]胡级滨,苑士华.液压机械无级传动的特性研究[J].机械设计,2000,Vol.17(4):28-30.
[34] Mantriota,G. Theoretical and Experimantal Study of a Power Split Continuously Variable Transmission System, Part 1 .Proc .Instn. Mech.Engers.Vol.215,Part D,pp.837-850,2001.
[35] Mantriota..G. Theoretical and Experimantal Study of a Power Split Continuously Variable Transmission System, Part 2 . Proc .Instn. Mech.Engers.Vol.215,Part D,pp851-864,2001.
[36]杨凌,黄向东,罗玉涛,赵克刚,黄河.车用复合无级变速器行星排组拓扑分析[J].机械传动.2006,Vol.30(2):52-55.
[37]韩兆林,胡纪滨.液压机械传动中机械变速箱传动比规律研究[J].机械设计.2003 Vol.20(12):39-41.
[38]石福华,刘钊.无级变速传动综述[J].机电工程技术.2004 Vol.33(2):15-17.
[39]李华英,秦大同,N.A.Attia.牵引式锥盘滚轮CVT的研究现状及发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报.2003 Vol.26(4):15-19.
[40]程乃士.汽车金属带式无级变速器[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[41] V.H.Mucino.ZLu,J.E.Simth等.汽车采用的无级变速功率分流变速器的设计[J].传动技术.2007:18-25.
[42]余志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2000.
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