基于3-PG机理模型的杉木林碳固定及蒸散量模拟研究
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摘要
本研究的目的是根据湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外观测研究站1990年1月-2005年12月的气象观测数据,确定3-PG模型的主要参数,并利用会同国家森林生态研究站第二代杉木人工林的长期定位观测数据运行模型；其次,估算贮碳量和固碳速率及其分配随林龄变化的趋势,并进行模型的逐步验证,为森林的可持续经营提供关键数据的参考；最后,估算此期间杉木林的月蒸散量和年蒸散量及其变化规律,并用水量平衡法计算的蒸散量对模拟估算结果进行验证。研究结果表明：3-PG模型能成功地估算叶面积指数(LAI)、树干生物量(Ws)、净初级生产量(NPP)、林分贮碳量随林龄变化的趋势以及碳的分配、月和年蒸散量等。模拟结果为：(1)会同杉木人工林林分、树干、根和叶的贮碳量随着林龄的增加而先增后减,林分和树干的贮碳量都是在林龄为41年时达到最大值(林分为184.02 tC·hm-2,树干为124.09 tC·hm-2),根和叶在林龄为44年时达到最大值(根为45.09 tC·hm-2,叶为13.04 tC·hm-2),凋落物贮碳量在模拟期间一直处于不断增加的趋势。树干对林分贮碳量贡献最大(约64.8%),其次是根(约23.5%)和叶(约8.7%),凋落物的贡献最小(约3%)。(2)3-PG模型估算的会同杉木林月蒸散量、年蒸散量与水量平衡法的相似,1月份的蒸散量最小,然后逐渐增大,7月份达到最大值,此后逐渐减少。全年月平均蒸散量为90.1mm,占全年月平均降水量(122.14mm)的72.12%。除了8月和9月份的蒸散量大于降水量,其余各月份的蒸散量均小于降水量。各年之间的会同杉木人工林年蒸散量差异不大,多年的年蒸散量均值为1049 mm,占年平均降水量(1350 mm)的77.7%。在降水量大的年份,蒸散系数比降水量小的年份小。
Based on meteorological data observed in Huitong National Forest Ecosystem Research station during 1990-2005, The objectives of this study are to first parameterize and validate the process-based 3-PG model using long-term field measurements from a Chinese fir plantation collected at the Huitong National Forest Ecosystem Research Station. Second, to determine the C storage and allocation capacity of different age sequences of stands using the 3-PG model in order to provide core data of forest C to use for sustainable forest management. Third, to estimate the monthly and annual evapotranspiration in a Chinese fir plantation. Results suggest that the model competently simulated leaf area index (LAI), stem biomass, net primary productivity (NPP), carbon storage, carbon allocation, monthly and yearly evapotranspiration. The results shows that:(1) An increasing trend in total biomass of C storage in stands up to the age of 41 years was observed (184.02 tC·hm-2 for stand,124.09 tC·hm-2 for stem) at which point the trend reversed. C storage capacity of roots and foliage increased to its highest value at 44 years (45.09 tC·hm-2 for root,13.04 tC·hm-2 for foliage) and then declined after this point, but C storage capacity of litterfall continued to increase as the stand aged. Stems had the highest proportion (approximately 64.8%) of C storage, followed by roots (approximately 23.5%) and foliage (approximately 8.7%). Litterfall had the lowest proportion (approximately 3%). (2) The monthly evapotranspiration was the lowest in January and then increased up to the highest in July, at which point the reverse trend occurred. The average monthly evapotranspiration was.90.1mm, accounting for 72.12% of the average monthly rainfall (122.14mm). Except in August and September, the other months had a higher rainfall than evapotranspiration. The annual evapotranspiration varied insignificantly among each year (933 mm for the lowest,1299 mm for the highest). The average annual evapotranspiration was 1049 mm, accounting for 77.7% of the average annual rainfall (1350 mm). The evapotranspiration had a smaller proportion in abundant rainfall years than that in the lower rainfall years.
Based on meteorological data observed in Huitong National Forest Ecosystem Research station during 1990-2005, The objectives of this study are to first parameterize and validate the process-based 3-PG model using long-term field measurements from a Chinese fir plantation collected at the Huitong National Forest Ecosystem Research Station. Second, to determine the C storage and allocation capacity of different age sequences of stands using the 3-PG model in order to provide core data of forest C to use for sustainable forest management. Third, to estimate the monthly and annual evapotranspiration in a Chinese fir plantation. Results suggest that the model competently simulated leaf area index (LAI), stem biomass, net primary productivity (NPP), carbon storage, carbon allocation, monthly and yearly evapotranspiration. The results shows that:(1) An increasing trend in total biomass of C storage in stands up to the age of 41 years was observed (184.02 tC·hm-2 for stand,124.09 tC·hm-2 for stem) at which point the trend reversed. C storage capacity of roots and foliage increased to its highest value at 44 years (45.09 tC·hm-2 for root,13.04 tC·hm-2 for foliage) and then declined after this point, but C storage capacity of litterfall continued to increase as the stand aged. Stems had the highest proportion (approximately 64.8%) of C storage, followed by roots (approximately 23.5%) and foliage (approximately 8.7%). Litterfall had the lowest proportion (approximately 3%). (2) The monthly evapotranspiration was the lowest in January and then increased up to the highest in July, at which point the reverse trend occurred. The average monthly evapotranspiration was.90.1mm, accounting for 72.12% of the average monthly rainfall (122.14mm). Except in August and September, the other months had a higher rainfall than evapotranspiration. The annual evapotranspiration varied insignificantly among each year (933 mm for the lowest,1299 mm for the highest). The average annual evapotranspiration was 1049 mm, accounting for 77.7% of the average annual rainfall (1350 mm). The evapotranspiration had a smaller proportion in abundant rainfall years than that in the lower rainfall years.
引文
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