敖包塔、葡萄花油田扶余油层储层综合评价
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摘要
本文综合应用储层微观系列测试技术,结合储层宏观研究,对松辽盆地中央坳陷大庆长垣南部敖包塔、葡萄花油田扶余油层开展了储层综合评价研究。确定了区内主要储集砂体为三角洲前缘的水下分流河道微相砂体;岩石类型以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主;成岩作用包括对储集空间起建设作用的溶解作用和起破坏作用的压实作用、胶结交代作用,成岩阶段处于中成岩阶段的A_2亚期;胶结类型以孔隙式胶结为主,局部砂岩呈接触式胶结,部分区域砂岩由于化学压溶作用而呈镶嵌式胶结;本区砂岩成分成熟度较低,结构成熟度中等;区内扶余油层的孔隙度介于10%～15%之间,渗透率在0.1～10×10~(-3)μm~2,整体属于低孔低渗—特低渗储层。确定出本区岩性、物性、电性及含油性下限标准,本区油层岩性下限为粉砂级,物性下限标准:有效孔隙度下限为9%,渗透率下限为0.1×10~(-3)μm~2;电性下限标准:深感应视电阻率≥12.0Ω·m,声波时差≥72μs/ft;含油性下限为油浸。
本次将研究区砂岩组的储层相对类型划分为四类:Ⅰ类储层为好储层(相当于低渗透储层);Ⅱ类储层为较好储层(相当于特低渗透储层);Ⅲ类储层为差储层(相当于超低渗透储层);Ⅳ类储层为非有效储层(相当于非渗透储层)。F_Ⅰ油组储层较F_Ⅱ油组发育,对比而言,扶余油层Ⅰ类储层和Ⅱ类储层比较发育,Ⅲ类储层分布范围很小,不存在Ⅳ类储层。
The structure of Aobaota and Putaohua oilfield is tretyi structure - Putaohua and Aobaota structure which is situated in the south of Daqing placanticline of center concave in Songliao basin,and with Taipingtun anticline structure in the north,Aonan nosing structure in the south,Sanzhao concave in the east,Gulong concave in the west,which is in the areas of 840 square kilometers.The western of Daing placanticline is precipitous,and its east is smooth.The dip of the rock stratum is more and more big from top to bottom.The thickness of the rock stratum gets thinner from two wings to crown and its lithologic character is more and more coarse.The target of this research is Fuyu Oil Layer,which is a part of the Third and Fourth Member of the Quantou formation of Lower Crataceous.The lithologies in this area mainly consist of siltstone,fine sandy siltstone,silty fine sandstone and fine sandstone. Fuyu oil layer has a good regional cap rock,a good oil source rock of the first section of Qingshankou Formation in its topping.
On the basis of regional geological background and petroleum geological condictions of study area,by means of detailed observation of ten exploration wells cored interval about rock type,grain feature,primary sedimentary structure,sedimentary rhythm,fossil organism assemble,clay mineral feature and so on,associating well logging data of sixty-five exploration wells,single well sediment microfacies was divided in the proportion of 1:100. Shallow delta sedimentary facies is recognized,and more two sedimentary subfacies of delta plain and delta front.Delta plain contains five microfacies of water distributary channel, water interchannel,water levee,water crevasse splay and flood plain,and delta front contains four microfacies of underwater distributary channel,water interchannel,underwater levee and underwater crevasse splay,and established commensurable facies model. According to single well sediment microfacies and each sand unit sediment evolution regular pattern,distributary channel grit is the main growing origin sand body,and is divided into water and underwater distributary channel.They display reteporiform shape in plane, north-south approximately and north-northeast in the whole,east-west approximately and northwest-west in portion.From F_Ⅲto F_Ⅰ,the depocencer migrates from west to southeast, and the sedimentary water was enlarging inch by inch.Water sedimentary was developed in F_Ⅲ,its host sand is water distributary channel sand;water sedimentary was developed in the east below of F_Ⅱ,and its west is underwater;underwater is the important part in F_Ⅰ,and its host sand is underwater distributary channel sand.
Using the methods such as thin-section identify,fractional analysis,scanning electron microscopy,X-diffraction,describing reservoir characteristic of Fuyu Oil Layer subtly.The studied area's sandstone is mainly composed with lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite. The interstitial materials are mainly clay minerals and carbonate cement.The common clay minerals in this area are illite,kaolinite,chlorites,illite and smectite mixed lays.The clay minerals transformation is mainly in the second rapid stage.The carbonate cement are mainly calcite.Compositional maturity of the rock is lower,and texture maturity is moderate. Grain size grade is finer,the reservoir quality is worse.The diagenesis reservoir sandstone mainly underwent comprise compaction,pressolution,cementation,metasomatism, corrosion,dissolution and clay minerals transformation.
Sandstone reservoir microstructure of research area is worse,it manifests in low displacement efficiency and high drainage pressure,and bring about bad reservoir infiltrating fluid character and low single well deliverability.According to the data of porosity and permeability,sandstone reservoir of this area is low-lower porosity and lower-lowest permeability.The porosity is chiefly between 10%and 15%,and the permeability is between 0.1×10~(-3)μm~2 and 10×10~(-3)μm~2.There are many influential factor of physical property which are mainly consist of cement,cover depth,diagenesis and so on.The reservoir was in the A_2 sub-stages of mid-diagenesis period,and give priority to cementation,which are calcite cemented and argillaceous recrystallization infilling aperture,secondary pore is short of good development in this reservoir,and cause porosity and permeability worse.
Using the analytical study such as lithology,physical property,electric nature and oiliness characteristic,the lower limit of four characteristics are defined,the lower limit of lithology is silt;the lower limit of physical property is that porosity is 9%,and permeability is 0.1×10~(-3)μm~2;the lower limit of electric nature is that ILD is greater than or equal to 12.0Ω·m,and AC is greater than or equal to 72μs/ft;the lower limit of oiliness characteristic is oil immersion.
Using the analysis of precipitation,diagenesis and accumulate,the clascification criteria of low permeable sublayer layer is established.There are four layers in this area which are less permeable,extra less permeable and super less permeable.By means of muti-parameter, reservoir comprehensive evaluation is underway.The bulk parameters are actual porosity, permeability,sandstone integrating thickness,valid sand integrating thickness,sand modular, precipitation facie type and drilled sand level number variation value;the microcosmic parameters are pore throat radius,coefficient of sorting,structure coefficient,secede efficiency and drainage pressure.With the test and analysis of microscope,the reservoir type is low porosity,low-super permeability in Fuyu oil layer.Four types of the reservoir in this area are classified:Ⅰtype is low permeable sublayer reservoir,and the comprehensive evaluation value is greater than or equal to 0.7;Ⅱis extra low permeable sublayer,and the value is greater than or equal to 0.55,is smaller than 0.7;Ⅲis super low permeable sublayer, and the value is greater than or equal to 0.55,is smaller than 0.35;Ⅳis not infiltrate,and the value is smaller than 0.35.Compared with F_Ⅱ,F_Ⅰis better,TheⅠandⅡare extremely better than others in Fuyu oil layer,andⅢis in a small area.
By means of large number of real and basic geological documents and core analysis and testing data,the macroscopic characteristics of the reservoirs have been researched in detail, and reservoir synergistic evaluation was completed in Fuyu Oil Layer,thus it has provided basic geological evidence for advantageous target region optimization,the above studied results possess much more important theoretical significance and practical value for forther exploration and exploitation.
本次将研究区砂岩组的储层相对类型划分为四类:Ⅰ类储层为好储层(相当于低渗透储层);Ⅱ类储层为较好储层(相当于特低渗透储层);Ⅲ类储层为差储层(相当于超低渗透储层);Ⅳ类储层为非有效储层(相当于非渗透储层)。F_Ⅰ油组储层较F_Ⅱ油组发育,对比而言,扶余油层Ⅰ类储层和Ⅱ类储层比较发育,Ⅲ类储层分布范围很小,不存在Ⅳ类储层。
The structure of Aobaota and Putaohua oilfield is tretyi structure - Putaohua and Aobaota structure which is situated in the south of Daqing placanticline of center concave in Songliao basin,and with Taipingtun anticline structure in the north,Aonan nosing structure in the south,Sanzhao concave in the east,Gulong concave in the west,which is in the areas of 840 square kilometers.The western of Daing placanticline is precipitous,and its east is smooth.The dip of the rock stratum is more and more big from top to bottom.The thickness of the rock stratum gets thinner from two wings to crown and its lithologic character is more and more coarse.The target of this research is Fuyu Oil Layer,which is a part of the Third and Fourth Member of the Quantou formation of Lower Crataceous.The lithologies in this area mainly consist of siltstone,fine sandy siltstone,silty fine sandstone and fine sandstone. Fuyu oil layer has a good regional cap rock,a good oil source rock of the first section of Qingshankou Formation in its topping.
On the basis of regional geological background and petroleum geological condictions of study area,by means of detailed observation of ten exploration wells cored interval about rock type,grain feature,primary sedimentary structure,sedimentary rhythm,fossil organism assemble,clay mineral feature and so on,associating well logging data of sixty-five exploration wells,single well sediment microfacies was divided in the proportion of 1:100. Shallow delta sedimentary facies is recognized,and more two sedimentary subfacies of delta plain and delta front.Delta plain contains five microfacies of water distributary channel, water interchannel,water levee,water crevasse splay and flood plain,and delta front contains four microfacies of underwater distributary channel,water interchannel,underwater levee and underwater crevasse splay,and established commensurable facies model. According to single well sediment microfacies and each sand unit sediment evolution regular pattern,distributary channel grit is the main growing origin sand body,and is divided into water and underwater distributary channel.They display reteporiform shape in plane, north-south approximately and north-northeast in the whole,east-west approximately and northwest-west in portion.From F_Ⅲto F_Ⅰ,the depocencer migrates from west to southeast, and the sedimentary water was enlarging inch by inch.Water sedimentary was developed in F_Ⅲ,its host sand is water distributary channel sand;water sedimentary was developed in the east below of F_Ⅱ,and its west is underwater;underwater is the important part in F_Ⅰ,and its host sand is underwater distributary channel sand.
Using the methods such as thin-section identify,fractional analysis,scanning electron microscopy,X-diffraction,describing reservoir characteristic of Fuyu Oil Layer subtly.The studied area's sandstone is mainly composed with lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite. The interstitial materials are mainly clay minerals and carbonate cement.The common clay minerals in this area are illite,kaolinite,chlorites,illite and smectite mixed lays.The clay minerals transformation is mainly in the second rapid stage.The carbonate cement are mainly calcite.Compositional maturity of the rock is lower,and texture maturity is moderate. Grain size grade is finer,the reservoir quality is worse.The diagenesis reservoir sandstone mainly underwent comprise compaction,pressolution,cementation,metasomatism, corrosion,dissolution and clay minerals transformation.
Sandstone reservoir microstructure of research area is worse,it manifests in low displacement efficiency and high drainage pressure,and bring about bad reservoir infiltrating fluid character and low single well deliverability.According to the data of porosity and permeability,sandstone reservoir of this area is low-lower porosity and lower-lowest permeability.The porosity is chiefly between 10%and 15%,and the permeability is between 0.1×10~(-3)μm~2 and 10×10~(-3)μm~2.There are many influential factor of physical property which are mainly consist of cement,cover depth,diagenesis and so on.The reservoir was in the A_2 sub-stages of mid-diagenesis period,and give priority to cementation,which are calcite cemented and argillaceous recrystallization infilling aperture,secondary pore is short of good development in this reservoir,and cause porosity and permeability worse.
Using the analytical study such as lithology,physical property,electric nature and oiliness characteristic,the lower limit of four characteristics are defined,the lower limit of lithology is silt;the lower limit of physical property is that porosity is 9%,and permeability is 0.1×10~(-3)μm~2;the lower limit of electric nature is that ILD is greater than or equal to 12.0Ω·m,and AC is greater than or equal to 72μs/ft;the lower limit of oiliness characteristic is oil immersion.
Using the analysis of precipitation,diagenesis and accumulate,the clascification criteria of low permeable sublayer layer is established.There are four layers in this area which are less permeable,extra less permeable and super less permeable.By means of muti-parameter, reservoir comprehensive evaluation is underway.The bulk parameters are actual porosity, permeability,sandstone integrating thickness,valid sand integrating thickness,sand modular, precipitation facie type and drilled sand level number variation value;the microcosmic parameters are pore throat radius,coefficient of sorting,structure coefficient,secede efficiency and drainage pressure.With the test and analysis of microscope,the reservoir type is low porosity,low-super permeability in Fuyu oil layer.Four types of the reservoir in this area are classified:Ⅰtype is low permeable sublayer reservoir,and the comprehensive evaluation value is greater than or equal to 0.7;Ⅱis extra low permeable sublayer,and the value is greater than or equal to 0.55,is smaller than 0.7;Ⅲis super low permeable sublayer, and the value is greater than or equal to 0.55,is smaller than 0.35;Ⅳis not infiltrate,and the value is smaller than 0.35.Compared with F_Ⅱ,F_Ⅰis better,TheⅠandⅡare extremely better than others in Fuyu oil layer,andⅢis in a small area.
By means of large number of real and basic geological documents and core analysis and testing data,the macroscopic characteristics of the reservoirs have been researched in detail, and reservoir synergistic evaluation was completed in Fuyu Oil Layer,thus it has provided basic geological evidence for advantageous target region optimization,the above studied results possess much more important theoretical significance and practical value for forther exploration and exploitation.
引文
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