海岛棉抗病相关ERF转录因子的克隆与鉴定
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摘要
棉花是我国最重要的经济作物之一,但黄萎病对棉花种植的影响非常严重,使棉花的产量和品质受到了巨大破坏;为解决这个问题,人们尝试利用分子生物学的手段来提高棉花自身的抗病性。
近年来,ERF(ethylene-responsive element binding factor)类转录因子已成为植物抗逆机制和植物分子改良研究中的热点。ERFs参与了植物对生物和非生物胁迫的应答反应,在乙烯等信号转导途径中发挥了关键的调控作用。研究表明,ERFs可与GCC-box等顺式作用元件发生互作从而激活病程相关蛋白基因的表达,这对提高植物抗病能力具有重要意义。因此,ERF类转录因子可应用于农作物对生物和非生物胁迫抗(耐)性的改良。
为了获得新的棉花抗病相关基因并阐明其功能,本研究克隆得到了2个海岛棉ERF转录因子基因,对其分子生物学特性进行了分析,并将基因转化植物后对其抗病相关功能进行了研究,已取得的成果如下:
1.目的基因的克隆与拷贝数分析:
以海岛棉(新海20)为材料,共克隆得到2个ERF族转录因子基因:EREB1和EREB2,序列特征分析发现这两个基因属ERF亚族转录因子,是海岛棉ERF中的新成员;Southern Blot分析表明,这两个基因在基因组中为低拷贝基因。
2.基因表达特性分析:
RT-PCR分析结果表明EREB1基因和EREB2基因在各组织中都表达,而转录水平受棉花黄萎病菌的诱导,当棉花受到黄萎病菌的侵染后,其表达量明显提高,特别是在棉花的根部和茎部,由此可推测海岛棉ERF转录因子基因EREB1和EREB2很可能在棉花生物胁迫信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。
3.结合特异性分析:
对EREB1和EREB2的ERF域蛋白进行体外结合特异性分析,凝胶阻滞结果表明:海岛棉EREB1/2中的ERF域在体外能与ERF顺式元件(GCC-box)发生特异性结合,这说明海岛棉EREB1和EREB2具有典型的ERF转录因子功能特性。
4.基因功能分析:
通过农杆菌介导等方法分别将EREB1和EREB2转入烟草和棉花中进行超表达。相关基因表达检测结果表明:在转基因烟草中,海岛棉ERF转录因子可以增强烟草PR基因的表达;在转基因棉花中,可以增强几丁质酶基因、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因和PR基因等棉花抗病相关基因的表达。由此推测,将海岛棉ERF基因转入棉花超表达后能够高效激活下游抗病相关基因的表达。通过对已得到的转基因棉花部分幼苗进行黄萎病菌侵染后发现:T0代转EREB1基因棉花幼苗的耐病能力高于对照。
通过上述研究可知:海岛棉ERF族基因的新成员EREB1/2在调控抗病相关基因表达方面具有重要作用,EREB1/2在转基因烟草和棉花中超表达后可有效增强植株体内抗病相关基因的表达,从而提高了转基因植株的抗病能力。
本研究是首次将ERF转录因子基因转入棉花中进行相关功能验证的工作,并将继续深入研究和鉴定ERF基因超表达后对提高棉花抗病能力的改良作用,从而为棉花抗病性分子改良提供备选基因,为培育出棉花抗病新品种提供一定的理论基础。
Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in China. However, the yield and quality of cotton have been seriously influenced by the Verticillium wilt. Molecular biology has been employed to make cotton more resistant to this disease.
Recent years, the ERFs (ethylene-responsive ERF factors) have been a hot pot in molecular mechanism of plant stress-tolerance and stress-tolerance breeding. The ERFs are involved in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and play vital roles in stress signal transduction pathways. Many studies have showed that the ERFs can activate pathogenesis-related (PR) genes by binding the GCC-box cis-element in the pathogenesis-related (PR) genes’promoter. This function is important to enhance plant resistance to pathogen. Therefore, the ERFs could be used to enhance the tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses in crops.
The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate new transcription factor genes related to stress tolerance, and then two ERF genes of Gossypium barbadense L had been isolated and charactered, and then dozens of transgenic plantlets had been obtained in this research.
The following results were achieved through this study:
1. Isolatlon of the ERF genes:
In this study, two pathogen-inducible ERF (ethylene-responsive factor) genes in cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) EREB1and EREB2, had been isolated and characterized. Analysis on the homology of amino acid sequences and the structure features of the 2 genes showed that EREB1 and EREB2 are different and new genes belong to the ERF subfamily. Southern blot results showed that EREB1 and EREB2 might be single copy genes in cotton genomic DNA.
2. Analysis of the genes’s expression pattern:
The results of RT-PCR showed that the transcription of the EREB1 and EREB2 genes express in many organs and tissues, and were strongly induced by Verticillium wilt, especially in roots and stem of cotton. It was deduced that the transcription of EREB1 and EREB2 genes might play important roles in signal transduction pathways responded to the pathogen infection.
3. Analysis of DNA-binding specificity:
Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that the ERF domain in EREB1 and EREB2 proteins could specifically bind to GCC-box cis-element, the result and these analysis further confirmed the DNA-binding specificity in vivo.
4. Analysis of gene function:
EREB1 and EREB2 were respectively transformed into Nicotiana babacum and Gossypium hirsutum L by Agrobacterium infiltration method, etc. Analysis of the genes’s expression showed that the overexpression of EREB1 and EREB2 could enhance the PR genes in transgenic Nicotiana babacum.The overexpression of EREB1, and EREB2 can enhance resistance-related genes such as Chitinase ,β-1, 3-glucanase and PR genes in Gossypium hirsutum L.These results showed that overexpressing EREB1 and EREB2 genes could enhance the expression of downstream disease resistance related genes, the transgenic cotton were more resistant to pathogen compared with CK after infected by Verticillium wilt.
In summary, these two novel ERF transcription factors genes from Gossypium barbadense L had the typical function of ERF. The EREB1/2 could activate the expression of pathogenesis-related genes, and then enhanced the pathogen resistance in the plantlets of transgenic tobacco and cotton. This research was the pilot work about the ERF genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L), and further in-depth study was going on to test the overexpression of these two genes may enhance the resistance to pathogen, find more potential PR genes and lay the foundation for cultivating new pathogen resistant cotton lines through molecular breeding.
近年来,ERF(ethylene-responsive element binding factor)类转录因子已成为植物抗逆机制和植物分子改良研究中的热点。ERFs参与了植物对生物和非生物胁迫的应答反应,在乙烯等信号转导途径中发挥了关键的调控作用。研究表明,ERFs可与GCC-box等顺式作用元件发生互作从而激活病程相关蛋白基因的表达,这对提高植物抗病能力具有重要意义。因此,ERF类转录因子可应用于农作物对生物和非生物胁迫抗(耐)性的改良。
为了获得新的棉花抗病相关基因并阐明其功能,本研究克隆得到了2个海岛棉ERF转录因子基因,对其分子生物学特性进行了分析,并将基因转化植物后对其抗病相关功能进行了研究,已取得的成果如下:
1.目的基因的克隆与拷贝数分析:
以海岛棉(新海20)为材料,共克隆得到2个ERF族转录因子基因:EREB1和EREB2,序列特征分析发现这两个基因属ERF亚族转录因子,是海岛棉ERF中的新成员;Southern Blot分析表明,这两个基因在基因组中为低拷贝基因。
2.基因表达特性分析:
RT-PCR分析结果表明EREB1基因和EREB2基因在各组织中都表达,而转录水平受棉花黄萎病菌的诱导,当棉花受到黄萎病菌的侵染后,其表达量明显提高,特别是在棉花的根部和茎部,由此可推测海岛棉ERF转录因子基因EREB1和EREB2很可能在棉花生物胁迫信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。
3.结合特异性分析:
对EREB1和EREB2的ERF域蛋白进行体外结合特异性分析,凝胶阻滞结果表明:海岛棉EREB1/2中的ERF域在体外能与ERF顺式元件(GCC-box)发生特异性结合,这说明海岛棉EREB1和EREB2具有典型的ERF转录因子功能特性。
4.基因功能分析:
通过农杆菌介导等方法分别将EREB1和EREB2转入烟草和棉花中进行超表达。相关基因表达检测结果表明:在转基因烟草中,海岛棉ERF转录因子可以增强烟草PR基因的表达;在转基因棉花中,可以增强几丁质酶基因、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因和PR基因等棉花抗病相关基因的表达。由此推测,将海岛棉ERF基因转入棉花超表达后能够高效激活下游抗病相关基因的表达。通过对已得到的转基因棉花部分幼苗进行黄萎病菌侵染后发现:T0代转EREB1基因棉花幼苗的耐病能力高于对照。
通过上述研究可知:海岛棉ERF族基因的新成员EREB1/2在调控抗病相关基因表达方面具有重要作用,EREB1/2在转基因烟草和棉花中超表达后可有效增强植株体内抗病相关基因的表达,从而提高了转基因植株的抗病能力。
本研究是首次将ERF转录因子基因转入棉花中进行相关功能验证的工作,并将继续深入研究和鉴定ERF基因超表达后对提高棉花抗病能力的改良作用,从而为棉花抗病性分子改良提供备选基因,为培育出棉花抗病新品种提供一定的理论基础。
Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in China. However, the yield and quality of cotton have been seriously influenced by the Verticillium wilt. Molecular biology has been employed to make cotton more resistant to this disease.
Recent years, the ERFs (ethylene-responsive ERF factors) have been a hot pot in molecular mechanism of plant stress-tolerance and stress-tolerance breeding. The ERFs are involved in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and play vital roles in stress signal transduction pathways. Many studies have showed that the ERFs can activate pathogenesis-related (PR) genes by binding the GCC-box cis-element in the pathogenesis-related (PR) genes’promoter. This function is important to enhance plant resistance to pathogen. Therefore, the ERFs could be used to enhance the tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses in crops.
The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate new transcription factor genes related to stress tolerance, and then two ERF genes of Gossypium barbadense L had been isolated and charactered, and then dozens of transgenic plantlets had been obtained in this research.
The following results were achieved through this study:
1. Isolatlon of the ERF genes:
In this study, two pathogen-inducible ERF (ethylene-responsive factor) genes in cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) EREB1and EREB2, had been isolated and characterized. Analysis on the homology of amino acid sequences and the structure features of the 2 genes showed that EREB1 and EREB2 are different and new genes belong to the ERF subfamily. Southern blot results showed that EREB1 and EREB2 might be single copy genes in cotton genomic DNA.
2. Analysis of the genes’s expression pattern:
The results of RT-PCR showed that the transcription of the EREB1 and EREB2 genes express in many organs and tissues, and were strongly induced by Verticillium wilt, especially in roots and stem of cotton. It was deduced that the transcription of EREB1 and EREB2 genes might play important roles in signal transduction pathways responded to the pathogen infection.
3. Analysis of DNA-binding specificity:
Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that the ERF domain in EREB1 and EREB2 proteins could specifically bind to GCC-box cis-element, the result and these analysis further confirmed the DNA-binding specificity in vivo.
4. Analysis of gene function:
EREB1 and EREB2 were respectively transformed into Nicotiana babacum and Gossypium hirsutum L by Agrobacterium infiltration method, etc. Analysis of the genes’s expression showed that the overexpression of EREB1 and EREB2 could enhance the PR genes in transgenic Nicotiana babacum.The overexpression of EREB1, and EREB2 can enhance resistance-related genes such as Chitinase ,β-1, 3-glucanase and PR genes in Gossypium hirsutum L.These results showed that overexpressing EREB1 and EREB2 genes could enhance the expression of downstream disease resistance related genes, the transgenic cotton were more resistant to pathogen compared with CK after infected by Verticillium wilt.
In summary, these two novel ERF transcription factors genes from Gossypium barbadense L had the typical function of ERF. The EREB1/2 could activate the expression of pathogenesis-related genes, and then enhanced the pathogen resistance in the plantlets of transgenic tobacco and cotton. This research was the pilot work about the ERF genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L), and further in-depth study was going on to test the overexpression of these two genes may enhance the resistance to pathogen, find more potential PR genes and lay the foundation for cultivating new pathogen resistant cotton lines through molecular breeding.
引文
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