川东地区下三叠统飞仙关组成岩作用及对储层的影响
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摘要
本文以碳酸盐沉积学和成岩作用原理和方法为基础，以碳酸盐岩储层地质学理论为指导，采用多学科、多技术的综合分析方法，配以先进的分析测试手段，重点对川东地区飞仙关组沉积相、成岩作用、储层特征、储层控制因素及分布等作了广泛而深入的研究。详细阐述了飞仙关组成岩过程中发生的主要成岩作用类型及特征，建立了埋藏溶蚀作用模式和白云石化作用模式，进行了成岩环境和成岩阶段的划分，并论述了滩相和非滩相沉积物的成岩演化序列；论述了飞仙关组储层的储渗空间类型和特征、储层孔隙结构参数、储层物性特征、岩性特征，并对储层进行了分类评价；详细阐述了储层发育的控制因素，建立了储层演化模式，并对储层分布进行了预测。
研究表明，飞仙关组储层主要受沉积作用和成岩作用的控制。在它们的共同影响下，优质储层(Ⅰ+Ⅱ类)主要分布于研究区北部开江—梁平海槽西侧的铁山南—双家坝—龙门—高峰场—建南一线以及海槽东侧的铁山坡—普光—渡口河—罗家寨地区的台地边缘鲕滩中，垂向上，飞一—飞四段均有分布。
Based on the principle and methods of carbonate sedimentology and reservoir diagenesis, and guided by the theories of carbonate reservoir geology, the sedimentary facies、diagenesis、reservoir characteristic、controlling factors for reservoir and distribution of reservoir of Feixianguan Formation in East Sichuan have been comprehensively studied. Multiple methods from different branches of geology and advanced analysis and test technology have been used in this research .The type and characteristics of diagenesis are described in detail, burial dissolution model and dolomitic model are established, diagenetic environment and diagenetic stage are divided. Diagenetic evolutionary series of sediments in bank and non-bank are put forward. What's more, the type and characteristics of reservoir space, pore structure characteristics, petrophysical parameters and lithologic characteristics are comprehensively studied, according to which we classify and value the reservoir. Furthermore factors controlling the formation of reservoir are analysed and reservoir evolutionary models are established. Finally regional distribution of reservoir has been predicted.
Study suggests that Feixianguan formation is essentially controlled by sedimentation and diagenesis. Under their influence, the best-quality reservoirs ( Ⅰ + Ⅱ type) are distributed in platform edge oolitic beach along Tieshannan -Shuangjiaba- Longmen- Gaofengchang- Jiannan in the west of Kaijiang-Liangping ocean and Tieshanpo- Puguang -Dukouhe-Luojiazhai districts in the east of the ocean .In vertical ,distributed in from the first section to the fourth section of Feixianguan formation.
研究表明，飞仙关组储层主要受沉积作用和成岩作用的控制。在它们的共同影响下，优质储层(Ⅰ+Ⅱ类)主要分布于研究区北部开江—梁平海槽西侧的铁山南—双家坝—龙门—高峰场—建南一线以及海槽东侧的铁山坡—普光—渡口河—罗家寨地区的台地边缘鲕滩中，垂向上，飞一—飞四段均有分布。
Based on the principle and methods of carbonate sedimentology and reservoir diagenesis, and guided by the theories of carbonate reservoir geology, the sedimentary facies、diagenesis、reservoir characteristic、controlling factors for reservoir and distribution of reservoir of Feixianguan Formation in East Sichuan have been comprehensively studied. Multiple methods from different branches of geology and advanced analysis and test technology have been used in this research .The type and characteristics of diagenesis are described in detail, burial dissolution model and dolomitic model are established, diagenetic environment and diagenetic stage are divided. Diagenetic evolutionary series of sediments in bank and non-bank are put forward. What's more, the type and characteristics of reservoir space, pore structure characteristics, petrophysical parameters and lithologic characteristics are comprehensively studied, according to which we classify and value the reservoir. Furthermore factors controlling the formation of reservoir are analysed and reservoir evolutionary models are established. Finally regional distribution of reservoir has been predicted.
Study suggests that Feixianguan formation is essentially controlled by sedimentation and diagenesis. Under their influence, the best-quality reservoirs ( Ⅰ + Ⅱ type) are distributed in platform edge oolitic beach along Tieshannan -Shuangjiaba- Longmen- Gaofengchang- Jiannan in the west of Kaijiang-Liangping ocean and Tieshanpo- Puguang -Dukouhe-Luojiazhai districts in the east of the ocean .In vertical ,distributed in from the first section to the fourth section of Feixianguan formation.
引文
1．伍友佳主编．油藏地质学．北京：石油工业出版社，2004：P 48-58
2．强子同等．碳酸盐岩储层地质学．东营：石油大学出版社，1998
3．王一刚、文应初等．川东北三叠系飞仙关组深层鲕滩气藏勘探目标．天然气工业．2004，24(12)：P5—9
4．方少仙等．层状白云岩储层特征与成因，北京：地质出版社，1999
5．王英华等．中、下扬子区海相碳酸盐岩成岩作用研究．北京：科学技术文献出版社，1991，P4111
6．赵澄林、朱筱敏．沉积岩石学．北京：石油工业出版社，2001
7．苏立萍、罗平等．川东北飞仙关组鲕粒滩储层特征研究．天然气工业．2005，25(6)：P14—17
8．谢增业、魏国齐等．川东北飞仙关组鲕滩储层沥青与天然气成藏过程．天然气工业．2004，24(12)：P17-19
9．王英华等．阴极发光技术在地质学中的应用．北京：地质出版社，1990
10．强子同等．塔里木盆地下奥陶统白云岩成因和分布初探—一种地球化学技术的应用．塔里木勘探开发指挥部内部研究报告，1998，
11．马永生、梅冥相、陈小兵等．碳酸盐岩储层沉积学．北京：地质出版社，1999
12．王身健、郑超．川东铁山地区飞仙关组鲕粒白云岩成因分析．河南石油，2004，18(6)：P13—14
13．王英华、鲍志东、朱筱敏．沉积学及岩相古地理学新进展．北京：石油工业出版 社，1995
14．冯增昭．沉积岩石学．北京：石油工业出版社，1993
15．何镜宇、孟祥化．沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造．北京：地质出版社，1985，P243-248
16．刘宝珺、张锦帛．沉积成岩作用．科学出版社，1992，P235-250
17．王一刚、文应初．川东下三叠统飞仙关组鲕粒灰岩的分布及其含油气性研究．西南油气田分公司内部研究报告，1986
18．杨雨等．四川盆地东北部飞仙关组鲕滩储层分布规律研究及勘探目标选择．九五“国家重点科技攻关项目研究报告”，2002
19．王兴志、曾伟等．大巴山前缘飞仙关组储层及控制因素研究．西南石油大学科研 项目成果，2003，P63-106
20．王一刚、刘划一等．四川盆地东部飞仙关组鲕滩天然气成藏条件与有利勘探区块评价研究．西南油气田分公司内部研究报告，2002
21．王兴志、张帆等．四川盆地东部晚二叠世-早三叠世飞仙关期礁、滩特征与海平面变化．沉积学报，2002，20(2)：P249—253
22．王一刚、杨雨等．四川盆地东北部长兴组-飞仙关组气藏成藏条件研究及勘探目标选择．九五“国家重点科技攻关项目研究报告”，2000
23．冯增昭等．碳酸盐岩岩相古地理学．北京：石油工业出版社，1989
24．穆曙光、周茅等．川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组白云岩成因类型．天然气工业．1994，14(3)：P23—26
25．方少仙等．石油天然气储层地质学．北京：石油大学出版社，1999
26．王新建、赵献文．川东飞三段鲕粒灰岩成岩作用与储集特征．天然气工业，1986，6(2)：P28-33
27．罗宾·巴瑟斯特．碳酸盐沉积物及其成岩作用．北京：科学出版社，1977
28．文应初、王一刚．四川地区早三叠世飞仙关期碳酸盐台地增生与储集相带展布．天然气工业，1986，8(2)：P18-23
29．张静、王一刚．四川宣汉河口地区飞仙关早期碳酸盐蒸发台地边缘沉积特征．天然气工业 2003，23(2)：P19—22
30. Chilingar,G.V., Relationship between Ca/Mg ratio and geological age, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 1956,40:2256-2266
31. Morrow, D.W., Diagenesis 2. Dolomite part 2: dolomitization models and ancient dolostones, Geosic. Can., 1982b, 9:95-100
32. Davies, G.R. and Krouse, H.R., Carbon and isotopic composition of Late Paleozoic calcite cements, Can. Geol. Surv. Pap. 1975, 75-1pt.B, 215-220
33. Given, R.K. and Wilkinson, B.H., Perspectives: dolomite abundance and stratigraphic age: constraints on rates and mechanisms of phanerozoic dolostone formation, J. Sediment. Petro. 1987, 57:1068-1078
34. Gregg, J.M., and Shelton, K.L., Minor-and trace-element distributions in the Bonneterre dolomite (Cambrian), southeast Missouri: Evidence for possible multiple basin fluid sources and pathways during lead-zinie minedization. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1989,101:221-230
35. Hallam, A., Pre-quaternary sea level changes, Ann. Rev. Earth planetary Sci., 1984, 12:205-243
36. Allan, J.R. and Mathess, R.K., Isotope signatures associated with early meteoric diagenesis, Sedimentology. 1982,29:797-817
37. Heydari, E., Moore, C.H. and Sassen, R., Late burial diagenesis driven by thermal degradation of hydrocarbons and thermochemical sulfate reduction: Upper Smackover caronates, southeast Mississippi salt basin, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 1988,72:197
38. Land, L.S., Limestone diagenesis some geochemical considerations, In: F.A. Mumpton(Eds), Studies in diagenesis, U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull., pp. 1986,129-137
39. Machel, H.G., Fcies and diagenesis of the Upper Devoian Nisku Formation in the subsurface of central Alberta, Dissertation. Mcgill university/Montreal. Quebec, 1985,392pp
40. Mckenzie, J.A., Holocene dolornitization of calcium carbonate sediments from the coastal sabkhas of Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. a stable isotope study, J. Geol. 1981, 89:185-198
2．强子同等．碳酸盐岩储层地质学．东营：石油大学出版社，1998
3．王一刚、文应初等．川东北三叠系飞仙关组深层鲕滩气藏勘探目标．天然气工业．2004，24(12)：P5—9
4．方少仙等．层状白云岩储层特征与成因，北京：地质出版社，1999
5．王英华等．中、下扬子区海相碳酸盐岩成岩作用研究．北京：科学技术文献出版社，1991，P4111
6．赵澄林、朱筱敏．沉积岩石学．北京：石油工业出版社，2001
7．苏立萍、罗平等．川东北飞仙关组鲕粒滩储层特征研究．天然气工业．2005，25(6)：P14—17
8．谢增业、魏国齐等．川东北飞仙关组鲕滩储层沥青与天然气成藏过程．天然气工业．2004，24(12)：P17-19
9．王英华等．阴极发光技术在地质学中的应用．北京：地质出版社，1990
10．强子同等．塔里木盆地下奥陶统白云岩成因和分布初探—一种地球化学技术的应用．塔里木勘探开发指挥部内部研究报告，1998，
11．马永生、梅冥相、陈小兵等．碳酸盐岩储层沉积学．北京：地质出版社，1999
12．王身健、郑超．川东铁山地区飞仙关组鲕粒白云岩成因分析．河南石油，2004，18(6)：P13—14
13．王英华、鲍志东、朱筱敏．沉积学及岩相古地理学新进展．北京：石油工业出版 社，1995
14．冯增昭．沉积岩石学．北京：石油工业出版社，1993
15．何镜宇、孟祥化．沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造．北京：地质出版社，1985，P243-248
16．刘宝珺、张锦帛．沉积成岩作用．科学出版社，1992，P235-250
17．王一刚、文应初．川东下三叠统飞仙关组鲕粒灰岩的分布及其含油气性研究．西南油气田分公司内部研究报告，1986
18．杨雨等．四川盆地东北部飞仙关组鲕滩储层分布规律研究及勘探目标选择．九五“国家重点科技攻关项目研究报告”，2002
19．王兴志、曾伟等．大巴山前缘飞仙关组储层及控制因素研究．西南石油大学科研 项目成果，2003，P63-106
20．王一刚、刘划一等．四川盆地东部飞仙关组鲕滩天然气成藏条件与有利勘探区块评价研究．西南油气田分公司内部研究报告，2002
21．王兴志、张帆等．四川盆地东部晚二叠世-早三叠世飞仙关期礁、滩特征与海平面变化．沉积学报，2002，20(2)：P249—253
22．王一刚、杨雨等．四川盆地东北部长兴组-飞仙关组气藏成藏条件研究及勘探目标选择．九五“国家重点科技攻关项目研究报告”，2000
23．冯增昭等．碳酸盐岩岩相古地理学．北京：石油工业出版社，1989
24．穆曙光、周茅等．川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组白云岩成因类型．天然气工业．1994，14(3)：P23—26
25．方少仙等．石油天然气储层地质学．北京：石油大学出版社，1999
26．王新建、赵献文．川东飞三段鲕粒灰岩成岩作用与储集特征．天然气工业，1986，6(2)：P28-33
27．罗宾·巴瑟斯特．碳酸盐沉积物及其成岩作用．北京：科学出版社，1977
28．文应初、王一刚．四川地区早三叠世飞仙关期碳酸盐台地增生与储集相带展布．天然气工业，1986，8(2)：P18-23
29．张静、王一刚．四川宣汉河口地区飞仙关早期碳酸盐蒸发台地边缘沉积特征．天然气工业 2003，23(2)：P19—22
30. Chilingar,G.V., Relationship between Ca/Mg ratio and geological age, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 1956,40:2256-2266
31. Morrow, D.W., Diagenesis 2. Dolomite part 2: dolomitization models and ancient dolostones, Geosic. Can., 1982b, 9:95-100
32. Davies, G.R. and Krouse, H.R., Carbon and isotopic composition of Late Paleozoic calcite cements, Can. Geol. Surv. Pap. 1975, 75-1pt.B, 215-220
33. Given, R.K. and Wilkinson, B.H., Perspectives: dolomite abundance and stratigraphic age: constraints on rates and mechanisms of phanerozoic dolostone formation, J. Sediment. Petro. 1987, 57:1068-1078
34. Gregg, J.M., and Shelton, K.L., Minor-and trace-element distributions in the Bonneterre dolomite (Cambrian), southeast Missouri: Evidence for possible multiple basin fluid sources and pathways during lead-zinie minedization. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1989,101:221-230
35. Hallam, A., Pre-quaternary sea level changes, Ann. Rev. Earth planetary Sci., 1984, 12:205-243
36. Allan, J.R. and Mathess, R.K., Isotope signatures associated with early meteoric diagenesis, Sedimentology. 1982,29:797-817
37. Heydari, E., Moore, C.H. and Sassen, R., Late burial diagenesis driven by thermal degradation of hydrocarbons and thermochemical sulfate reduction: Upper Smackover caronates, southeast Mississippi salt basin, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 1988,72:197
38. Land, L.S., Limestone diagenesis some geochemical considerations, In: F.A. Mumpton(Eds), Studies in diagenesis, U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull., pp. 1986,129-137
39. Machel, H.G., Fcies and diagenesis of the Upper Devoian Nisku Formation in the subsurface of central Alberta, Dissertation. Mcgill university/Montreal. Quebec, 1985,392pp
40. Mckenzie, J.A., Holocene dolornitization of calcium carbonate sediments from the coastal sabkhas of Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. a stable isotope study, J. Geol. 1981, 89:185-198