闽江河口湿地沉积物碳、氮、磷含量及储量特征
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摘要
闽江河口湿地作为我国东南沿海地区重要的潮汐湿地,是闽江入海携带的物质流、能量流的必经之地。本文主要以闽江河口区最大的鳝鱼滩盐沼湿地及蝙蝠洲和尤溪洲芦苇湿地为研究对象,研究了闽江河口湿地沉积物中C、N和P含量和储量的水平分布及垂直分布特征。研究结果表明:(1)对于鳝鱼滩盐沼湿地3种优势草本植物,蔗草下沉积物TOC、TN和TP含量和储量在远、近潮沟区差异极其显著(P＜0.001),近潮沟区大于远潮沟区,芦苇和咸草下沉积物TOC、TN和TP含量和储量在远、近潮沟区差距不大。(2)秋茄红树林下沉积物中TOC、TN和TP含量和储量接近于与其同样位于高中潮滩的芦苇和咸草湿地,但明显大于位于低潮滩的蔗草湿地。(3)位于闽江入海口的鳝鱼滩芦苇湿地沉积物中TOC和TN含量及储量均大于分布于其上游段的蝙蝠洲及尤溪洲芦苇湿地,TP的含量及储量则表现为蝙蝠洲芦苇湿地最大。(4)鳝鱼滩湿地3种草本植物沉积物TOC含量与沉积物含水量均呈显著正相关关系,与容重呈负相关关系。(5)NH_4~+-N为本研究区域无机氮的主要存在形式,闽江河口湿地沉积物0～60cm NH_4~+-N的平均含量占TN的比例范围为0.29%～2.07%。(6)若将TOC/TN比值大于12的划为陆源有机物,TOC/TN比值小于8的划为海源有机物,闽江河口湿地沉积物有机物主要源自陆地。
The Minjiang River estuary is a typical open tidal estuary in the southeast of China, lots of material and energy flow pass through this area. This article mainly studied C, N and P contents and storages in the sediments of the Shanyutan wetland which is the biggest salt marsh wetland in the Minjiang River estuary area, and also the Bianfuzhou reed wetland and the Youxizhou reed wetland. The results indicated: (1) The TOC, TN and TP contents and storages of the sediments under Scirpus triqueter in the section near the tide ditch were higher significantly than that in the ares far from the tide ditch, however, for the Phragmites australis and Cyperus malaccensis wetlands, the TOC, TN and TP contents of the sediments in the sections far and near the tide ditch were similar; (2) The TOC, TN and TP contents and storages of the sediments under Kandelia candel mangrove forest patch were similar to that under Phragmites australis and Cyperus malaccensis in the higher tital zone, but were higher than that under Scirpus triqueter in the lower tital zone; (3) TOC and TN contents and storages of the sediments under Phragmites australis in the Shanyutan wetland were higher than that in the Bianfuzhou reed wetland and the Youxizhou reed wetland, TP contents and storages of the sediments of the Bianfuzhou wetland were highest in the three studied reed wetlands; (4) The TOC contents in the sediments under the three herbaceous plants all had a significant positive correlation with the moisture, and a negative correlation with the bulk density in the Shanyutan wetland. (5) NH_4~+-N is the main form of the inorganic nitrogen in study area, the proportions of average NH_4~+-N contents in sediments at a depth of 0～60cm accounted for 0.29%～2.07% of the TN contents in Minjiang estuary wetland. (6) If the TOC/ TN > 12 is the standard designated land-based organic matter, the TOC/ TN <8 is the standard designated as the sea-based organic matter, the organic matter in Minjiang estuary wetland sediments is mainly derived from terrestrial.
The Minjiang River estuary is a typical open tidal estuary in the southeast of China, lots of material and energy flow pass through this area. This article mainly studied C, N and P contents and storages in the sediments of the Shanyutan wetland which is the biggest salt marsh wetland in the Minjiang River estuary area, and also the Bianfuzhou reed wetland and the Youxizhou reed wetland. The results indicated: (1) The TOC, TN and TP contents and storages of the sediments under Scirpus triqueter in the section near the tide ditch were higher significantly than that in the ares far from the tide ditch, however, for the Phragmites australis and Cyperus malaccensis wetlands, the TOC, TN and TP contents of the sediments in the sections far and near the tide ditch were similar; (2) The TOC, TN and TP contents and storages of the sediments under Kandelia candel mangrove forest patch were similar to that under Phragmites australis and Cyperus malaccensis in the higher tital zone, but were higher than that under Scirpus triqueter in the lower tital zone; (3) TOC and TN contents and storages of the sediments under Phragmites australis in the Shanyutan wetland were higher than that in the Bianfuzhou reed wetland and the Youxizhou reed wetland, TP contents and storages of the sediments of the Bianfuzhou wetland were highest in the three studied reed wetlands; (4) The TOC contents in the sediments under the three herbaceous plants all had a significant positive correlation with the moisture, and a negative correlation with the bulk density in the Shanyutan wetland. (5) NH_4~+-N is the main form of the inorganic nitrogen in study area, the proportions of average NH_4~+-N contents in sediments at a depth of 0～60cm accounted for 0.29%～2.07% of the TN contents in Minjiang estuary wetland. (6) If the TOC/ TN > 12 is the standard designated land-based organic matter, the TOC/ TN <8 is the standard designated as the sea-based organic matter, the organic matter in Minjiang estuary wetland sediments is mainly derived from terrestrial.
引文
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