基于企业高管认知的企业战略变革研究
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摘要
随着全球竞争的日益激烈，顾客需求的不断变化，科学技术的迅猛发展，企业所处的环境不再是稳定和可预测的环境，而是复杂动态的环境。企业在复杂动态的环境中如何进行战略选择，是理论上和实践中迫切需要解决的课题。但不论企业以何种战略思想为主导，战略变革始终是战略管理的常态，因而战略变革研究应当成为战略管理的重要内容。同时，战略变革研究对处于大变革时期的我国企业来说也有十分现实的指导意义。
无论战略变革本质是什么，但企业战略首先是作为管理者，特别是高层管理者头脑中的思维而存在的。高层管理者的战略思维是战略的基本雏型，战略思维的冲突是战略变革的基本源泉。因此，从认知的角度研究高层管理者的战略及其变革思维，就是从根本上研究战略及其变革的源头，因而具有深刻的理论意义。
全文共分八章。
第1章主要从传统战略理论隐含的环境稳定可预测假设出发，质疑传统战略理论在复杂动态环境中的有效性，提出企业战略变革的研究课题，并在现代认知心理学的启发下进一步从高层管理者对战略及其变革的认知上提出本研究的视角。本章就认知及其模式、战略变革两个基本概念进行了深入分析，并介绍了研究的主要内容、方法和框架。
第2章从传统战略理论、组织理论、经济学理论、复杂系统理论等多学科视角广泛地对战略变革理论进行了回顾；介绍了前期研究在实证方面所作的工作及其局限性；重点考察了基于认知视角的战略及其变革研究；并简要回顾了与战略变革相近的战略柔性、动态战略及战略创新理论。
第3章从一般角度分析企业战略变革的影响因素、过程与动力学机制，作为认知视角战略变革研究的前奏。从企业层面看，企业战略变革的基本动机是生存和赢得竞争优势的需要，影响战略变革的基本因素来自环境和组织两个方面，从认知视角上看战略变革存在三个层面的影响因素，即高层管理者、高层管理团队及组织本身。战略变革如同战略本身一样存在需求、规划、实施与评价等基本过程。战略变革动力学机制揭示了战略稳定与战略变革的矛盾运动关系，从而更加深刻地理解企业战略的本质。
第4章首先根据组织认知研究的分析框架，提出战略变革认知视角研究的基本问题，即从认知结构、过程、风格三个方面研究个体、团体和组织三个层面上的战略变革问题。从个体即高层管理者的认知结构上，研究了高层管理者战略变革的信念构架，重点分析了影响战略变革的个体认知结构要素，即高层管理者的信念、价值观、潜在假设对战略及其变革的影响，不仅厘清了这些概念之间的逻
With the global competition becoming fierce, customers' needs changing constantly and the scientific technology developing more rapidly, the environment that enterprises exist in is no longer stable and predictable, but rather complex and dynamic. How to make strategy choices under such environment is an urgent subject to be solved both in theory and practice. But no matter what kind of strategic thought is dominant in enterprises, strategic change remains the constant subject of strategy management. Therefore, the study of strategic change should become the essence of strategy management. Meanwhile, the study of strategic change has practical significance to Chinese enterprises at great reform times.
No matter what is the essence of strategic change, but corporation strategy comes into being in the form of mentality in the managers' mind, especially the top managers. Top managers' strategy thoughts are the basic rudiments and the conflicts of them are the fundamental sources. Thereby, from perspective of cognition studying the top managers' strategies and their thoughts of change is just making the research the origin of strategy and its change, which has profound theoretical meaning.
The whole dissertation consists of eight chapters.
From the point of the predicable hypothesis of environmental stability implied by traditional strategy theory, the first chapter doubts the validity of traditional strategy theory under complex and dynamic environment, puts forward the research subject of enterprise strategic change, and raises the angle of this paper based on top managers strategy and change cognition in the enlightenment of modern cognitive psychology. This chapter analyzes thoroughly two basic concepts: cognition, including its mode, and strategic change, introducing main content, method and frame of the research as well.
Chapter 2 is a review of strategic change theory from multi-subjects point of view, such as traditional strategy, organization theory, economics theory and complex system theory. It summarizes the work done in empirical study and its limitation in earlier period, mainly explores the strategy and its change research based on the perspective of cognition; and briefly reviews theories similar to strategic change, such as the strategy flexibility, dynamic strategy and strategy innovation theory.
Chapter 3 analyzes the influential factors, processes and dynamic mechanisms, which are used as the prelude of strategic change research. From the aspect of
无论战略变革本质是什么，但企业战略首先是作为管理者，特别是高层管理者头脑中的思维而存在的。高层管理者的战略思维是战略的基本雏型，战略思维的冲突是战略变革的基本源泉。因此，从认知的角度研究高层管理者的战略及其变革思维，就是从根本上研究战略及其变革的源头，因而具有深刻的理论意义。
全文共分八章。
第1章主要从传统战略理论隐含的环境稳定可预测假设出发，质疑传统战略理论在复杂动态环境中的有效性，提出企业战略变革的研究课题，并在现代认知心理学的启发下进一步从高层管理者对战略及其变革的认知上提出本研究的视角。本章就认知及其模式、战略变革两个基本概念进行了深入分析，并介绍了研究的主要内容、方法和框架。
第2章从传统战略理论、组织理论、经济学理论、复杂系统理论等多学科视角广泛地对战略变革理论进行了回顾；介绍了前期研究在实证方面所作的工作及其局限性；重点考察了基于认知视角的战略及其变革研究；并简要回顾了与战略变革相近的战略柔性、动态战略及战略创新理论。
第3章从一般角度分析企业战略变革的影响因素、过程与动力学机制，作为认知视角战略变革研究的前奏。从企业层面看，企业战略变革的基本动机是生存和赢得竞争优势的需要，影响战略变革的基本因素来自环境和组织两个方面，从认知视角上看战略变革存在三个层面的影响因素，即高层管理者、高层管理团队及组织本身。战略变革如同战略本身一样存在需求、规划、实施与评价等基本过程。战略变革动力学机制揭示了战略稳定与战略变革的矛盾运动关系，从而更加深刻地理解企业战略的本质。
第4章首先根据组织认知研究的分析框架，提出战略变革认知视角研究的基本问题，即从认知结构、过程、风格三个方面研究个体、团体和组织三个层面上的战略变革问题。从个体即高层管理者的认知结构上，研究了高层管理者战略变革的信念构架，重点分析了影响战略变革的个体认知结构要素，即高层管理者的信念、价值观、潜在假设对战略及其变革的影响，不仅厘清了这些概念之间的逻
With the global competition becoming fierce, customers' needs changing constantly and the scientific technology developing more rapidly, the environment that enterprises exist in is no longer stable and predictable, but rather complex and dynamic. How to make strategy choices under such environment is an urgent subject to be solved both in theory and practice. But no matter what kind of strategic thought is dominant in enterprises, strategic change remains the constant subject of strategy management. Therefore, the study of strategic change should become the essence of strategy management. Meanwhile, the study of strategic change has practical significance to Chinese enterprises at great reform times.
No matter what is the essence of strategic change, but corporation strategy comes into being in the form of mentality in the managers' mind, especially the top managers. Top managers' strategy thoughts are the basic rudiments and the conflicts of them are the fundamental sources. Thereby, from perspective of cognition studying the top managers' strategies and their thoughts of change is just making the research the origin of strategy and its change, which has profound theoretical meaning.
The whole dissertation consists of eight chapters.
From the point of the predicable hypothesis of environmental stability implied by traditional strategy theory, the first chapter doubts the validity of traditional strategy theory under complex and dynamic environment, puts forward the research subject of enterprise strategic change, and raises the angle of this paper based on top managers strategy and change cognition in the enlightenment of modern cognitive psychology. This chapter analyzes thoroughly two basic concepts: cognition, including its mode, and strategic change, introducing main content, method and frame of the research as well.
Chapter 2 is a review of strategic change theory from multi-subjects point of view, such as traditional strategy, organization theory, economics theory and complex system theory. It summarizes the work done in empirical study and its limitation in earlier period, mainly explores the strategy and its change research based on the perspective of cognition; and briefly reviews theories similar to strategic change, such as the strategy flexibility, dynamic strategy and strategy innovation theory.
Chapter 3 analyzes the influential factors, processes and dynamic mechanisms, which are used as the prelude of strategic change research. From the aspect of
引文
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