服役中后期海洋平台结构安全评估及剩余寿命预测技术研究
|
摘要
世界上已建成的固定式海洋平台中近三分之一已经进入了平台结构设计使用寿命的后期。但由于油田生产的需要,绝大部分平台在达到设计寿命后依然继续服役,这就要求综合评价平台现役情况和超期服役的安全性及可能性,更深地挖掘平台的潜能。本论文基于结构确定性和可靠性评估理论,考虑服役中后期海洋平台结构损伤因素影响,建立了一套海洋平台结构安全评估体系,并研究了平台剩余寿命预测技术。主要研究内容包括：
1.首先对极限承载力进行了研究。结合ANSYS软件和非线性分析理论,对极限承载力进行了研究；通过数值模拟与物理实验对比的方法验证了极限承载力计算的准确性,为平台进行确定性评估和可靠性评估奠定了基础。
2.系统地研究了确定性评估和可靠性评估理论。研究分析了裂纹、凹陷、腐蚀等损伤以及海生物附着、地基土冲刷等对结构安全性的影响,引入储备强度系数,对服役中后期海洋平台进行了确定性评估；分析了海洋平台不同失效模式的极限状态方程,考虑荷载与抗力的随机性与时变性,以及结构安全评定荷载标准,开展了海洋平台结构的可靠性评估。
3.基于S-N曲线及Miner线性累积损伤理论,同时考虑波浪荷载致疲劳和冰荷载致疲劳,对平台进行了疲劳寿命预测,研究结果显示实例平台的疲劳寿命在安全范围之内。
4.建立了海洋平台结构安全评估体系。海洋平台结构安全评估体系包括年度安全评定与动态管理、结构安全预测与管理和结构维修决策三部分。将年度安全评定与动态管理中的结构多级安全评估分为四级：筛选评估、简单定量评估、结构确定性安全评估,结构可靠性安全评估,并对具体实施方法进行了详细阐述。建立了安全评估指标体系,涵盖了各级评估的详细指标,并根据现行规范或行业经验列出了安全指标的安全阂值,可作为安全评估依据。
5.研究了剩余寿命的预测方法。本文分别运用基于确定性和基于动态可靠性的老龄平台寿命预测方法,对目标平台进行了剩余寿命预测。
One third of the fixed offshore platforms which have been built in the world have entered into the evening of their design life. However, as the need for oil production, most of the platforms will continue to serve after they achieve the design life, which requires a comprehensive safety assessment of the platforms for existing situation and the extended service life. Based on structural determinitistic and reliability assessment theory, a systermatic safety assessment methodology of offshore platform structure is set up where effects of damage factors on the structure are considered. And the remaining life of the existing platform is predicted based on the safety assessment. The thesis focuses on the following:
1. This thesis studies on the ultimate bearing capacity of the platform firstly. Combining the ANSYS software and structural nonlinearity theory, the ultimate bearing capacity of the platform is studied, and the accuracy of the calculation of ultimate bearing capacity is validated through the comparison of the numerical simulation and physical experiments, which is the basis of certainty assessment and reliability assessment for platforms.
2. Determinitistic and reliability assessment theory are studied systematically. The impact of structural safety caused by damages such as cracks, dents and corrosion, as well as marine growth and soil foundation erosion is studied and analyzed. Reserve strength factor is introduced, and existing platform is assessed by the deterministic method. The ultimate state equations of different failure modes of offshore platform are analyzed. And the reliability assessment of the offshore platform is carried out considering the random and time-varying of load and resistance, and load criterion of evaluation of the structure.
3. Based on the S-N curve and Miner linear cumulative damage theory, the fatigue life prediction of the platform is carried out considering fatigue caused by both wave load and ice load. The study result shows that the fatigue life of the platform is in the safe range.
4. A safety assessment methodology of offshore platform structure is set up. The safety assessment system includes three parts:annual safety assessment and dynamic management, prediction and management of structural safety and structural maintenance decision. The structural multi-level safety assessment is divided into four levels:filter assessment, simple quantitative assessment, structural deterministic safety assessment and structural reliability safety assessment. And the specific implementation methods are described in detail. An index system for safety assessment is set up, including detailed assessment index at all levels. The safety threshold is listed under the industry experience or existing norms, which can be used as a basis for safety assessment.
5. The remaining life prediction method is studied. The remaining life of the target platform is predicted, applying on remaining life prediction for aging platform method basing on both deterministic method and dynamic reliability theory.
1.首先对极限承载力进行了研究。结合ANSYS软件和非线性分析理论,对极限承载力进行了研究；通过数值模拟与物理实验对比的方法验证了极限承载力计算的准确性,为平台进行确定性评估和可靠性评估奠定了基础。
2.系统地研究了确定性评估和可靠性评估理论。研究分析了裂纹、凹陷、腐蚀等损伤以及海生物附着、地基土冲刷等对结构安全性的影响,引入储备强度系数,对服役中后期海洋平台进行了确定性评估；分析了海洋平台不同失效模式的极限状态方程,考虑荷载与抗力的随机性与时变性,以及结构安全评定荷载标准,开展了海洋平台结构的可靠性评估。
3.基于S-N曲线及Miner线性累积损伤理论,同时考虑波浪荷载致疲劳和冰荷载致疲劳,对平台进行了疲劳寿命预测,研究结果显示实例平台的疲劳寿命在安全范围之内。
4.建立了海洋平台结构安全评估体系。海洋平台结构安全评估体系包括年度安全评定与动态管理、结构安全预测与管理和结构维修决策三部分。将年度安全评定与动态管理中的结构多级安全评估分为四级：筛选评估、简单定量评估、结构确定性安全评估,结构可靠性安全评估,并对具体实施方法进行了详细阐述。建立了安全评估指标体系,涵盖了各级评估的详细指标,并根据现行规范或行业经验列出了安全指标的安全阂值,可作为安全评估依据。
5.研究了剩余寿命的预测方法。本文分别运用基于确定性和基于动态可靠性的老龄平台寿命预测方法,对目标平台进行了剩余寿命预测。
One third of the fixed offshore platforms which have been built in the world have entered into the evening of their design life. However, as the need for oil production, most of the platforms will continue to serve after they achieve the design life, which requires a comprehensive safety assessment of the platforms for existing situation and the extended service life. Based on structural determinitistic and reliability assessment theory, a systermatic safety assessment methodology of offshore platform structure is set up where effects of damage factors on the structure are considered. And the remaining life of the existing platform is predicted based on the safety assessment. The thesis focuses on the following:
1. This thesis studies on the ultimate bearing capacity of the platform firstly. Combining the ANSYS software and structural nonlinearity theory, the ultimate bearing capacity of the platform is studied, and the accuracy of the calculation of ultimate bearing capacity is validated through the comparison of the numerical simulation and physical experiments, which is the basis of certainty assessment and reliability assessment for platforms.
2. Determinitistic and reliability assessment theory are studied systematically. The impact of structural safety caused by damages such as cracks, dents and corrosion, as well as marine growth and soil foundation erosion is studied and analyzed. Reserve strength factor is introduced, and existing platform is assessed by the deterministic method. The ultimate state equations of different failure modes of offshore platform are analyzed. And the reliability assessment of the offshore platform is carried out considering the random and time-varying of load and resistance, and load criterion of evaluation of the structure.
3. Based on the S-N curve and Miner linear cumulative damage theory, the fatigue life prediction of the platform is carried out considering fatigue caused by both wave load and ice load. The study result shows that the fatigue life of the platform is in the safe range.
4. A safety assessment methodology of offshore platform structure is set up. The safety assessment system includes three parts:annual safety assessment and dynamic management, prediction and management of structural safety and structural maintenance decision. The structural multi-level safety assessment is divided into four levels:filter assessment, simple quantitative assessment, structural deterministic safety assessment and structural reliability safety assessment. And the specific implementation methods are described in detail. An index system for safety assessment is set up, including detailed assessment index at all levels. The safety threshold is listed under the industry experience or existing norms, which can be used as a basis for safety assessment.
5. The remaining life prediction method is studied. The remaining life of the target platform is predicted, applying on remaining life prediction for aging platform method basing on both deterministic method and dynamic reliability theory.
引文
[1]Charles R. Farrar, Hoon Sohn. Francois M. Hemez, Mark C. Anderson, Matthew T. Bement, Phillip J. Corwell, Scott W. Doebling, John F. Schultze, Nick Lieven, Amy N. Robertson, Damage Prognosis:Current Status and Future Needs, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-14051-MS,2003
[2]林红.面向延寿工程的老龄平台寿命预测与管理研究：[博士学位论文].中国石油大学(华东),2008
[3]欧进萍,段忠东,肖仪清.海洋平台结构安全评定——理论、方法与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[4]D N Galbraith, J V Sharp, E Terry. Managing Life Extension in Aging Offshore Installations [A]. SPE 96702, Offshore Europe 2005. Aberdeen, Scotland, U.K.,6-9 September 2005
[5]李玉刚,林焰,纪卓尚.海洋平台安全评估的发展历史和现状.中国海洋平台,2002,(1)：4-8
[6]C Guedes Soares.Risk and Reliability in Marine Technology[M].Netherlands:A A..BALKEMA/ROTT ERDAM/BROOK-FIELD,1998.
[7]Soreide T H, Amdah 1 J. U FSOS- a program for ultimate strength analysis of framed offshore structures [R]. Stavanger (Norway):S IN TEF Structural Engi2neering,1986, Report STF71 A 86049
[8]Skallerud B, Amdah 1 J. Nonlinear Analysis of O ff2sho re Structures [M]. England: Research Studies Press L td.,2002
[9]杜超.导管架海洋平台系统可靠性分析[D].大连理工大学硕士论文,2006.
[10]Ang A H S, Tang W H.Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning and Design, Volume I-Basic Principles[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons,1975
[11]Ang A H S, Tang W H. Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning and Design, volume II-Decision, Risk, and Reliability[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons,1984
[12]董聪.结构系统可靠性理论：进展与回顾[J].工程力学,2001,18(4)：79-88
[13]Onoufriou T, Smith D, Birkinshaw M, et al. Structural system reliability framework for fixed offshore platform s [A]. Proceedings of Eighth International Conference on the Behavior of Offshore Structures [C]. Delft (Netherlands):Elsevier,1997.3:145-159
[14]MarleyM, Et terdal B, Et terdal B, et al. Structural reliability assessment of Ekofisk jackets under extreme loading[A]. Proceedings of Offshore Techno logy Conference [C]. Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2001.13190
[15]金伟良,郑忠双,李海波.地震荷载作用下海洋平台结构物动力可靠性分析[J].浙江大学学报,2002,36(3)：233-238
[16]Bea R G. Reliability based earthquake design guidelines for marine structures[J]. J. of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering,1999,125 (5):219-231
[17]Gusella V. Safety estimation method for structures with cumulative damage [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(11):1200-1209
[18]Valle C. Effect of strain rate, sampling technique and aging on the soil properties used in the reassessment of pile foundations performance in the bay of Campeche [A]. Proceedings of Ocean Techno logy Conference [C]. Houston:Offshore Techno logy Conference,1998.
[19]Bea R G. Evaluat ion of reliability of platform pile foundations[J]. Journal of Geo technical and Geoenvi2ronmental Engineering,1999,125(8):696-704
[20]A kgul F, F rangopo 1D M. Computational platform for predicting lifetime system reliability profiles for different structure types [J]. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2004,18 (2):92-104
[21]W irsch ing P H. Fatigue reliability for offshore struc2tures[J]. J St rut Eng,1984,100 (10):2340-2356
[22]V ardalO T, Moan T, Hellevig N C. Comparison between observed and predicted characteristics of fatigue crack s in North Sea jackets [A]. Proceedings of O ff2sho re Techno logy Conference[C]. Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,1999.10847
[23]Haddon JW. The basic strategies for reducing damage from hazards of all kinds [J]. Hazard Prevention,1980, (3):8-12
[24]Ersdal G. Assessment of existing offshore structures for life extension [D]. Stavanger (Norway):University of Stavanger,2005
[25]李昕,金峤,周晶.在役导管架平台的评估策略研究现状.防灾减灾工程学报.2007,(3)：368-376
[26]钟德理,谢彬,刘春厚,潘东民,欧进萍,黄虎杰,肖仪清IMRSE系统在海洋平台结构安全评估中的应用.中国造船,2005,11(46)：554-559
[27]欧进萍,刘学东,陆钦年,王光远.现役导管架式海洋平台结构整体安全度评估.海洋工程.1996(3)：83-90
[28]欧进萍,肖仪清,黄虎杰,段忠东,张涛,李维星.海洋平台结构实时安全监测系统.海洋工程.2001,(2)：1-6
[29]胡云昌,黄海燕,余建星.基于概率影响图的海洋平台安全风险评估方法.中国造船,1998,(3)：38-46
[30]吕海波,姚卫星.结构系统疲劳可靠性评估方法的研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,1999,31(3)：294-299
[31]叶乃全,胡毓仁,陈伯真.超静定结构系统疲劳可靠性分析的蒙特卡罗方法[J].上海交通大学学报,1998,32(11)：8-12
[32]董聪,何庆芝.随机疲劳累积损伤可靠性分析模型[J].北京航空航天大学学报,1995,21(2)：33-39
[33]方华灿,陈国明.海洋平台结构整体疲劳寿命的预测[J].石油矿场机械,2000,29(5)：1-5
[34]方华灿,吴小薇.海洋石油平台结构系统的疲劳寿命预测[J].机械强度,2002,24(1)：101-103
[35]张立,金伟良.海洋平台结构疲劳损伤与寿命预测方法[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2002,36(2)：138-142
[36]Karam chandani A, Dalane J I, B jerager P. Systems reliability of offshore structures including fatigue and extreme wave loading [J]. Marine Structures,1991,4:353-379
[37]赵维涛,安伟光,严心池.同时考虑结构系统强度和疲劳的可靠性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2004,25(5)：614-617
[38]欧进萍,肖仪清,刘学东,张兴才,潘东民.导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力分析的整体推进法及其软件[J].海洋工程1999,17(3)：1-10.
[39]尚晓江,邱峰,赵海峰等ANSYS结构有限元高级分析方法与范例应用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[40]刘俊斐.基于希尔波特—黄变换(HHT)的海洋平台结构模态参数识别方法研究：[硕士学位论文].中国海洋大学,2007
[41]Lalani M Shuttleworth E P,1990. The ultimate limit state of offshore platforms using reserve and residual strength principles[C].The 22nd Offshore Technology Conference,Houston,OTC6309
[42]肖仪清,欧进萍,张兴才,潘东民.缺陷和损伤对导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力的影响[J].中国海上油气(工程),1999,11(6)：16-22.
[43]王铎.断裂力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1982
[44]中国石油天然气总公司.SY/T 4904-95.浅海钢质固定平台结构设计与建造技术规范[S].北京：石油工业出版社,1997
[45]API RP LRFD-1993. Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms-Load and Resistance Factor Design.1993.
[46]苌自超.服役水工结构可靠性评估及维修加固决策研究：[硕士学位论文].合肥工业大学,2009
[47]张俊芝.服役工程结构可靠性理论及其应用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2007
[48]赵国藩,金伟良,贡金鑫.结构可靠度理论[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[49]余建星,郭振邦,徐惠,黄衍顺.船舶与海洋结构物可靠性原理[M].天津：天津大学 出版社.2001.
[50]陈国明.冰区海洋石油平台疲劳断裂评估与可靠性分析[D].东营：中国石油大学,1999
[51]赵国藩,贡金鑫,赵尚传.工程结构生命全过程可靠度[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004
[52]施兴华,徐定海,张婧等.基于随机过程理论的舰船结构时变可靠性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(2)：135-139
[53]Guedes Soares C,Garbatov Y.Reliability of maintained ship hulls subjected to corrosion andfatigue under combined loading[J].Constructional Steel Research,1999(52):93-115
[54]Akpan UO,Koko TS,Ayyub B,Dumbar TE.Risk assessment of aging ship hull structures in thepresence of corrosion and fatigue.Marine Structures,2002(15):211-231
[55]Torgeir Moan, Efren Ayala Uraga, Xiaozhi Wang. Reliability-Based Service Life Assessment of FPSO Structures[A].ABS TECHNICAL PAPERS 2004,193-215
[56]Melchers,R.E.(2004).Pitting corrosion of mild steel in marine immersion environment-Part1:maximum pit depth[J].Corrosion(NACE),2004,60(9):824-836
[57]Robert E Melchers. The effect of corrosion on the structural reliability of steel offshore structures[J].Corrosion Science,2005(47):239I-2410
[58]刘健.冰区海洋平台疲劳评估及其虚拟安全系统研究[D].东营：中国石油大学,2005.
[59]JIN Wei-liang. Reliability-based design for jacket platform under extreme loads[J]. China Ocean Engineering,1996,10(2):145-160.
[60]熊峻江.疲劳断裂可靠性工程学[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2008
[61]张淑茳,史冬岩.海洋工程结构的疲劳与断裂.[M]哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2005
[62]DNV-OS-J101.DESIGN OF OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE STRUCTURES[S], JUNE 2004
[63]申仲翰,许滨,赵强,吕聪.钢结构海洋平台整体安全性评估方法研究[J].中国海洋平台：1994,(Z1)：129-135.
[64]刘效国,朱孝强.埕岛海域水深地形特征及冲淤规律探讨[J].黄渤海海洋.2000,18(1)：34-39
[65]王庆丰,黄小平,崔维成.海洋平台结构的安全寿命评估与维修决策研究[J].江苏科技大学学报.2006,20(3),11-15
[66]包小兵.平湖导管架平台结构检测与安全评估技术.海洋工程学术会议论文集,2001
[67]黄国胜.在役建筑构靠性评估加固技术研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2002
[2]林红.面向延寿工程的老龄平台寿命预测与管理研究：[博士学位论文].中国石油大学(华东),2008
[3]欧进萍,段忠东,肖仪清.海洋平台结构安全评定——理论、方法与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[4]D N Galbraith, J V Sharp, E Terry. Managing Life Extension in Aging Offshore Installations [A]. SPE 96702, Offshore Europe 2005. Aberdeen, Scotland, U.K.,6-9 September 2005
[5]李玉刚,林焰,纪卓尚.海洋平台安全评估的发展历史和现状.中国海洋平台,2002,(1)：4-8
[6]C Guedes Soares.Risk and Reliability in Marine Technology[M].Netherlands:A A..BALKEMA/ROTT ERDAM/BROOK-FIELD,1998.
[7]Soreide T H, Amdah 1 J. U FSOS- a program for ultimate strength analysis of framed offshore structures [R]. Stavanger (Norway):S IN TEF Structural Engi2neering,1986, Report STF71 A 86049
[8]Skallerud B, Amdah 1 J. Nonlinear Analysis of O ff2sho re Structures [M]. England: Research Studies Press L td.,2002
[9]杜超.导管架海洋平台系统可靠性分析[D].大连理工大学硕士论文,2006.
[10]Ang A H S, Tang W H.Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning and Design, Volume I-Basic Principles[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons,1975
[11]Ang A H S, Tang W H. Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning and Design, volume II-Decision, Risk, and Reliability[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons,1984
[12]董聪.结构系统可靠性理论：进展与回顾[J].工程力学,2001,18(4)：79-88
[13]Onoufriou T, Smith D, Birkinshaw M, et al. Structural system reliability framework for fixed offshore platform s [A]. Proceedings of Eighth International Conference on the Behavior of Offshore Structures [C]. Delft (Netherlands):Elsevier,1997.3:145-159
[14]MarleyM, Et terdal B, Et terdal B, et al. Structural reliability assessment of Ekofisk jackets under extreme loading[A]. Proceedings of Offshore Techno logy Conference [C]. Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2001.13190
[15]金伟良,郑忠双,李海波.地震荷载作用下海洋平台结构物动力可靠性分析[J].浙江大学学报,2002,36(3)：233-238
[16]Bea R G. Reliability based earthquake design guidelines for marine structures[J]. J. of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering,1999,125 (5):219-231
[17]Gusella V. Safety estimation method for structures with cumulative damage [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(11):1200-1209
[18]Valle C. Effect of strain rate, sampling technique and aging on the soil properties used in the reassessment of pile foundations performance in the bay of Campeche [A]. Proceedings of Ocean Techno logy Conference [C]. Houston:Offshore Techno logy Conference,1998.
[19]Bea R G. Evaluat ion of reliability of platform pile foundations[J]. Journal of Geo technical and Geoenvi2ronmental Engineering,1999,125(8):696-704
[20]A kgul F, F rangopo 1D M. Computational platform for predicting lifetime system reliability profiles for different structure types [J]. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2004,18 (2):92-104
[21]W irsch ing P H. Fatigue reliability for offshore struc2tures[J]. J St rut Eng,1984,100 (10):2340-2356
[22]V ardalO T, Moan T, Hellevig N C. Comparison between observed and predicted characteristics of fatigue crack s in North Sea jackets [A]. Proceedings of O ff2sho re Techno logy Conference[C]. Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,1999.10847
[23]Haddon JW. The basic strategies for reducing damage from hazards of all kinds [J]. Hazard Prevention,1980, (3):8-12
[24]Ersdal G. Assessment of existing offshore structures for life extension [D]. Stavanger (Norway):University of Stavanger,2005
[25]李昕,金峤,周晶.在役导管架平台的评估策略研究现状.防灾减灾工程学报.2007,(3)：368-376
[26]钟德理,谢彬,刘春厚,潘东民,欧进萍,黄虎杰,肖仪清IMRSE系统在海洋平台结构安全评估中的应用.中国造船,2005,11(46)：554-559
[27]欧进萍,刘学东,陆钦年,王光远.现役导管架式海洋平台结构整体安全度评估.海洋工程.1996(3)：83-90
[28]欧进萍,肖仪清,黄虎杰,段忠东,张涛,李维星.海洋平台结构实时安全监测系统.海洋工程.2001,(2)：1-6
[29]胡云昌,黄海燕,余建星.基于概率影响图的海洋平台安全风险评估方法.中国造船,1998,(3)：38-46
[30]吕海波,姚卫星.结构系统疲劳可靠性评估方法的研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,1999,31(3)：294-299
[31]叶乃全,胡毓仁,陈伯真.超静定结构系统疲劳可靠性分析的蒙特卡罗方法[J].上海交通大学学报,1998,32(11)：8-12
[32]董聪,何庆芝.随机疲劳累积损伤可靠性分析模型[J].北京航空航天大学学报,1995,21(2)：33-39
[33]方华灿,陈国明.海洋平台结构整体疲劳寿命的预测[J].石油矿场机械,2000,29(5)：1-5
[34]方华灿,吴小薇.海洋石油平台结构系统的疲劳寿命预测[J].机械强度,2002,24(1)：101-103
[35]张立,金伟良.海洋平台结构疲劳损伤与寿命预测方法[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2002,36(2)：138-142
[36]Karam chandani A, Dalane J I, B jerager P. Systems reliability of offshore structures including fatigue and extreme wave loading [J]. Marine Structures,1991,4:353-379
[37]赵维涛,安伟光,严心池.同时考虑结构系统强度和疲劳的可靠性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2004,25(5)：614-617
[38]欧进萍,肖仪清,刘学东,张兴才,潘东民.导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力分析的整体推进法及其软件[J].海洋工程1999,17(3)：1-10.
[39]尚晓江,邱峰,赵海峰等ANSYS结构有限元高级分析方法与范例应用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[40]刘俊斐.基于希尔波特—黄变换(HHT)的海洋平台结构模态参数识别方法研究：[硕士学位论文].中国海洋大学,2007
[41]Lalani M Shuttleworth E P,1990. The ultimate limit state of offshore platforms using reserve and residual strength principles[C].The 22nd Offshore Technology Conference,Houston,OTC6309
[42]肖仪清,欧进萍,张兴才,潘东民.缺陷和损伤对导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力的影响[J].中国海上油气(工程),1999,11(6)：16-22.
[43]王铎.断裂力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1982
[44]中国石油天然气总公司.SY/T 4904-95.浅海钢质固定平台结构设计与建造技术规范[S].北京：石油工业出版社,1997
[45]API RP LRFD-1993. Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms-Load and Resistance Factor Design.1993.
[46]苌自超.服役水工结构可靠性评估及维修加固决策研究：[硕士学位论文].合肥工业大学,2009
[47]张俊芝.服役工程结构可靠性理论及其应用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2007
[48]赵国藩,金伟良,贡金鑫.结构可靠度理论[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[49]余建星,郭振邦,徐惠,黄衍顺.船舶与海洋结构物可靠性原理[M].天津：天津大学 出版社.2001.
[50]陈国明.冰区海洋石油平台疲劳断裂评估与可靠性分析[D].东营：中国石油大学,1999
[51]赵国藩,贡金鑫,赵尚传.工程结构生命全过程可靠度[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004
[52]施兴华,徐定海,张婧等.基于随机过程理论的舰船结构时变可靠性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(2)：135-139
[53]Guedes Soares C,Garbatov Y.Reliability of maintained ship hulls subjected to corrosion andfatigue under combined loading[J].Constructional Steel Research,1999(52):93-115
[54]Akpan UO,Koko TS,Ayyub B,Dumbar TE.Risk assessment of aging ship hull structures in thepresence of corrosion and fatigue.Marine Structures,2002(15):211-231
[55]Torgeir Moan, Efren Ayala Uraga, Xiaozhi Wang. Reliability-Based Service Life Assessment of FPSO Structures[A].ABS TECHNICAL PAPERS 2004,193-215
[56]Melchers,R.E.(2004).Pitting corrosion of mild steel in marine immersion environment-Part1:maximum pit depth[J].Corrosion(NACE),2004,60(9):824-836
[57]Robert E Melchers. The effect of corrosion on the structural reliability of steel offshore structures[J].Corrosion Science,2005(47):239I-2410
[58]刘健.冰区海洋平台疲劳评估及其虚拟安全系统研究[D].东营：中国石油大学,2005.
[59]JIN Wei-liang. Reliability-based design for jacket platform under extreme loads[J]. China Ocean Engineering,1996,10(2):145-160.
[60]熊峻江.疲劳断裂可靠性工程学[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2008
[61]张淑茳,史冬岩.海洋工程结构的疲劳与断裂.[M]哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2005
[62]DNV-OS-J101.DESIGN OF OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE STRUCTURES[S], JUNE 2004
[63]申仲翰,许滨,赵强,吕聪.钢结构海洋平台整体安全性评估方法研究[J].中国海洋平台：1994,(Z1)：129-135.
[64]刘效国,朱孝强.埕岛海域水深地形特征及冲淤规律探讨[J].黄渤海海洋.2000,18(1)：34-39
[65]王庆丰,黄小平,崔维成.海洋平台结构的安全寿命评估与维修决策研究[J].江苏科技大学学报.2006,20(3),11-15
[66]包小兵.平湖导管架平台结构检测与安全评估技术.海洋工程学术会议论文集,2001
[67]黄国胜.在役建筑构靠性评估加固技术研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2002