乌尔逊凹陷南部大磨拐河组层序地层学研究
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摘要
以层序地层学、构造地质学、沉积学、石油地质学等理论为指导,运用地震、测井、录井、岩芯等资料,建立大磨拐河组层序地层格架、分析沉积演化特征、识别砂体分布规律和地层岩性圈闭,进行生储盖特征分析,最终确定有利勘探区。
综合地震、测井、岩芯及化验分析等资料,大磨拐河组为一个完整的超层序,自下至上发育低水位、水进和高水位体系域。超层序内部进一步划分为12个四级层序,由下至上,首先为辫状河三角洲-较浅水湖泊-扇三角洲低水位沉积时期,包括一个四级层序(DⅠ1层序);其次为辫状河三角洲-较深水湖泊-扇三角洲水进沉积时期,包括两个四级层序(DⅠ2、DⅠ3层序);接下来为曲流河三角洲-较深水湖泊-辫状河三角洲高水位早期沉积时期,包括两个四级层序(DⅠ4和DⅠ5层序);再接下来为曲流河三角洲-较浅水湖泊-辫状河三角洲高水位中期沉积时期,包括四个四级层序(DⅡ1至DⅡ4层序);最后为网状河三角洲-浅水湖泊高水位晚期沉积时期,包括三个四级层序(DⅡ5至DⅡ7层序)。其中低水位期、水进期和高水位中期三个时期砂岩发育;高水位早期和高水位晚期两个时期砂岩不发育。
大磨拐河组自身烃源岩多为差-中等烃源岩,生烃潜力差,油主要来自南屯组暗色泥岩。油源断层与透镜状砂体组合形成的输导体系决定大磨拐河组油垂向运移后短距离侧向运移方式。大磨拐河组纵向上划分为三套储盖组合,五个有利勘探区。
Guided by the theories of sequence stratigraphy, structural geology, sedimentology and petroleum geology, using seismic data, borehole log, logging curves and cores, the sequence framework have been built, detailed research and analysis on sedimentary evolution, discriminate distribution of sand body and lithologic trap, carry on analysis for source, reservoir and cap rock, at last explore the prospect areas.
Combined seismic data, well logging data, cores with chemical examination data, Damoguaihe group is a whole super sequence, it develops lowstand system tracts(LST) , transgressive system tracts(TST) and highstand system trarcts(HST). Damoguaihe group is divided into twelve fourth-order sequences: the first sequence (DⅠ1) is the stage of braided river delta, comparable shallow lake and fan delta deposition of LST period; The second and third (DⅠ2 , DⅠ3 )sequences are the stages of braided river comparable deep lake and fan delta deposition of TST period. The fourth and fifth ((DⅠ4 , DⅠ5) sequences are the stages of meandering river delta, comparable deep lake braided river delta facies of early stage of HST period. The sixth-ninth (DⅡ1-DⅡ4) sequences are the stages of meandering river delta, comparable shallow lake braided river delta facies of middle stage of HST period. The tenth-twelveth (DⅡ5-DⅡ7) sequences are the stages of anastomosed stream delta, shallow lake braided river delta of the end stages of HST period. Sandstone is well developed with a higher sand-land ratio in the stages of LST, TST and middle stage of HST, while sand is not well developed in the rest of the two stages.
The quality of hydrocarbon source rocks in Damoguaihe group is mainly bad-middle class, lack of hydrocarbon generate potential, oil mainly comes from the dark shale affected by segment one of Nantun Group. Oil migration experiences vertical and lateral movement, which is controlled by oil sources faults and lensoid body. From bottom to top Damoguaihe group develops three reservoir and capping sets and five prospect areas.
综合地震、测井、岩芯及化验分析等资料,大磨拐河组为一个完整的超层序,自下至上发育低水位、水进和高水位体系域。超层序内部进一步划分为12个四级层序,由下至上,首先为辫状河三角洲-较浅水湖泊-扇三角洲低水位沉积时期,包括一个四级层序(DⅠ1层序);其次为辫状河三角洲-较深水湖泊-扇三角洲水进沉积时期,包括两个四级层序(DⅠ2、DⅠ3层序);接下来为曲流河三角洲-较深水湖泊-辫状河三角洲高水位早期沉积时期,包括两个四级层序(DⅠ4和DⅠ5层序);再接下来为曲流河三角洲-较浅水湖泊-辫状河三角洲高水位中期沉积时期,包括四个四级层序(DⅡ1至DⅡ4层序);最后为网状河三角洲-浅水湖泊高水位晚期沉积时期,包括三个四级层序(DⅡ5至DⅡ7层序)。其中低水位期、水进期和高水位中期三个时期砂岩发育;高水位早期和高水位晚期两个时期砂岩不发育。
大磨拐河组自身烃源岩多为差-中等烃源岩,生烃潜力差,油主要来自南屯组暗色泥岩。油源断层与透镜状砂体组合形成的输导体系决定大磨拐河组油垂向运移后短距离侧向运移方式。大磨拐河组纵向上划分为三套储盖组合,五个有利勘探区。
Guided by the theories of sequence stratigraphy, structural geology, sedimentology and petroleum geology, using seismic data, borehole log, logging curves and cores, the sequence framework have been built, detailed research and analysis on sedimentary evolution, discriminate distribution of sand body and lithologic trap, carry on analysis for source, reservoir and cap rock, at last explore the prospect areas.
Combined seismic data, well logging data, cores with chemical examination data, Damoguaihe group is a whole super sequence, it develops lowstand system tracts(LST) , transgressive system tracts(TST) and highstand system trarcts(HST). Damoguaihe group is divided into twelve fourth-order sequences: the first sequence (DⅠ1) is the stage of braided river delta, comparable shallow lake and fan delta deposition of LST period; The second and third (DⅠ2 , DⅠ3 )sequences are the stages of braided river comparable deep lake and fan delta deposition of TST period. The fourth and fifth ((DⅠ4 , DⅠ5) sequences are the stages of meandering river delta, comparable deep lake braided river delta facies of early stage of HST period. The sixth-ninth (DⅡ1-DⅡ4) sequences are the stages of meandering river delta, comparable shallow lake braided river delta facies of middle stage of HST period. The tenth-twelveth (DⅡ5-DⅡ7) sequences are the stages of anastomosed stream delta, shallow lake braided river delta of the end stages of HST period. Sandstone is well developed with a higher sand-land ratio in the stages of LST, TST and middle stage of HST, while sand is not well developed in the rest of the two stages.
The quality of hydrocarbon source rocks in Damoguaihe group is mainly bad-middle class, lack of hydrocarbon generate potential, oil mainly comes from the dark shale affected by segment one of Nantun Group. Oil migration experiences vertical and lateral movement, which is controlled by oil sources faults and lensoid body. From bottom to top Damoguaihe group develops three reservoir and capping sets and five prospect areas.
引文
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[2] H.W.Posamentier and R.D.Erskine. () Seismic expression and recognition criteria of ancient submarine fans. In::Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Modern and Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems (ed.by P.Weimer and M.H.Link). Springer-Verlag, New York, 1991,pp.197～222.
[3]樊太亮,于炳松,高志前.塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩层序地层及其控油作用[J].现代地质,2007,21(1):57～65.
[4] G.Dam,F.Surlyk.. Cyclic sedimentation in a large wave and storm-dominated anoxic lake; Kap Stewart Formation (Rhaethian-Sinemurian), Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Posamentier H.W, Summerhayes C.P. Haq B.U, Allen G.P (eds) Sequence stratigraphy and facies associations. Int Assoc Sediment Spec Pual(Blackwell).1993,18: 419～448.
[5]徐怀大.陆相层序地层学研究中的某些问题[J].石油与天然气地质.1997,18(2):83～89.
[6]夏文臣,华南晚三叠世前陆盆地的成因地层格架及演化历史[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,1994,19(1):19～28.
[7] J.C.Van Wagoner,G.T.Bertram(Eds.).Sequence Stratigraphy of Foreland Basin Deposits,vol. 64. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.1995,487pp.
[8]解习农.松辽盆地梨树凹陷深部断裂沉积体系及层序地层特征[J].石油实验地质,1994,16(2):144～150.
[9]胡受权.泌阳断陷陆相层序外部构型研究.现代地质[J].1998,12(4):567～574.
[10]魏魁生,徐怀大.二连盆地白垩系非海相沉积层序地层学特征[J].地球科学,1994,19(2):181～193.
[11]樊太亮,朱玲.吉尔嘎朗图凹陷沉积层序几何构型[J].石油与天然气地质,1998,19 (2):99～105.
[12]樊太亮,刘金辉,韩革华等.新疆塔里木盆地北部应用层序地层学[M] .北京:地质出版社,1997 :1～180.
[13]樊太亮,刘金辉.塔里木盆地北部震旦系古生界层序地层特征[J ].石油与天然气地质,1997,18 (2):120～127.
[14]纪友亮,杜金虎等.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷古近系层序地层学及演化模式[J].古地理学报,2006,8 (3):397～406.
[15]朱筱敏,康安等.柴达木盆地第四系层序地层特征与油气评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):56～60.
[16]朱筱敏,王贵文.塔里木盆地志留系层序地层特征[J].古地理学报,2001,3(2):64～71.
[17]朱筱敏,王贵文等.开鲁盆地陆西凹陷下白垩统层序地层学和油气评价[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):531～536.
[18]魏魁生,叶淑芬等.松辽盆地白垩系非海相沉积层序模式[J].沉积学报,1996,14(14):50～58.
[19]郭少斌.松辽盆地南部西斜坡层序地层与油气聚集规律[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(4):340～348.
[20]魏魁生等.华北典型箕状断陷盆地层序地层学模式及其与油气赋存关系[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,1993,18(2):139-149.
[21]陈荣坤.华北地台寒武纪沉积层序中关键地层单元—海绿石质凝缩层段[J].岩相古地理,1994,14(6):25～33.
[22] J.R.Hein,A.O.Allwardt and G..B.Griggs. The occurrence of glauconite in Monterey Bay, California. Diversity origins and sedimentary environmental significance. J. Sedim Petorl.. 1974,Vol. 44,562～571.
[23]陈世悦,刘焕杰.华北石炭二叠纪层序地层学研究的特点[J].岩相古地理,1994.(6): 11～20.
[24]李思田,潘元林,陆永潮等.断陷湖盆隐蔽油藏预测及勘探的关键技术—高精度地震探测基础上的层序地层学研究[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):592～597.
[25]李思田等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部层序地层及沉积体系分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1992,401沉积与特提斯地质(3).
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