电影片段在初中英语教学中的运用
|
摘要
随着社会和经济的发展,我国对英语人才的需求越来越大,英语也变得越来越重要。而在现有的英语教学中,教师充当着课堂的独裁者,一味地给学生填塞知识。学生觉得学习英语枯燥无味,而且难学,学习英语的兴趣日益下降。现有的英语教学受到挑战,改革势在必行。
电影作为我们日常生活中随手可得的资源,以声、像传递信息,既能丰富中学生的背景知识,提供他们信息,又能增强他们的理解能力,使学生接触大量的语言输入。虽然输入的电影语言比学生现有的程度略高,但在视觉图像和各种屏幕对白的支持下,变得更易理解。
国内外对于电影运用于语言教学的研究已经有了一段历史,但普遍是将电影运用于大中专院校的视听课程,在初中英语教学中运用的研究还尚未开始。本文作者实验性地将电影片段在初中英语教学中运用,试图探讨它在激发学生学习动机和提高学生英语综合应用能力方面的可能性和效益。本文的目的主要是解决以下三个问题:1)电影片段在初中英语教学中运用是否切实可行?2)电影片段在初中英语教学中的运用是否优越于现有的英语教学?3)电影片段在初中英语教学中运用的优越性体现在哪些方面?
本研究持续了两个学期(36周),共计180个学时,参与试验的学生为广东省佛山市三水区西南二中的104名初二学生和25名英语教师。试验对比的是受试者在实验前后在下述四个方面的变化:1)英语学习动机;2)英语语言能力;3)词汇量;4)文化意识。试验数据包括三份调查问卷、一次前测和一次后测成绩。
研究结果表明:将电影片段运用于初中英语教学中,其教学效果明显优越于现有的英语教学。随着电影片段在初中英语教学中的运用,教学效率将大大提高。
本文旨在通过探索电影片段在初中英语教学中运用的可行性和优势,探寻一种较为高效的教学方法。笔者在这方面的教学研究只是一个开始,希望本论文能为我们的初中英语教学和学习提供一些参考,并为致力于这方面研究的同仁起到抛砖引玉的作用。
With the rapid development of society and economy, talents good at English are badly needed in our country. So English has become more and more important. In current English teaching, teachers as the dictatorial governors of the class are just trying to provide students with answers and information just like filling empty vessels. With such a backward teaching mode, students find English learning hard and boring. Current English teaching is greatly challenged. Something has to be done.
As an at-hand resource in our everyday life, film carries information by sound and images, which can enrich the background knowledge of the students, offer them information as well as enhance their capacity of understanding. Film materials can provide rich visual aids to input, and at the same time expose students to large quantities of input. The input can become more comprehensible through the support of visual images and various subtitles, though the film language will be a little beyond students' current level. Events, setting, actions, expressions, gestures in a scene give students a dense immediate context which highlights meaning, both literal and pragmatic.
Studies from both home and abroad have been carried out for a long time, but they're mostly about the application of films to audio-video course in colleges and universities. So far no study has been carried out on the application in Junior English teaching (JET). In this paper the author made a study of exploring a more effective way of teaching English in Junior High School with the aid of film clips. The paper aims to answer the following three questions: 1) Is the application of film clips practicable in JET? 2) Is the application of film clips to JET superior to current English teaching without film clips? 3) What are the advantages of applying film clips to JET?
This experiment lasted two semesters from Sept 1, 2007 to July 9, 2008, which covered 180 teaching periods. The subjects for this study were 104 Junior Two students and 25 English teachers from Xi'nan No.2 Middle School in Sanshui District, Foshan City, GuangDong Province. The experiment examined students' improvement and performance from the following four aspects: 1) motivation; 2) language acquisition; 3) vocabulary; 4) cultural awareness. The instrumental tools involved in this study were three questionnaires and two tests.
The result of the study concludes that the application of film clips to JET is clearly superior to current English teaching without film clips and that with film clips used in English teaching, the efficiency of teaching and learning will be greatly raised.
In this paper, we tried to explore a more efficient way of teaching bydemonstrating the feasibility and advantages of applying film clips to JET. Our attempt in this study is just a beginning. It is hoped that our research will be of some practical use to our junior English teaching and learning, and will provide references for those who are also interested in this subject.
电影作为我们日常生活中随手可得的资源,以声、像传递信息,既能丰富中学生的背景知识,提供他们信息,又能增强他们的理解能力,使学生接触大量的语言输入。虽然输入的电影语言比学生现有的程度略高,但在视觉图像和各种屏幕对白的支持下,变得更易理解。
国内外对于电影运用于语言教学的研究已经有了一段历史,但普遍是将电影运用于大中专院校的视听课程,在初中英语教学中运用的研究还尚未开始。本文作者实验性地将电影片段在初中英语教学中运用,试图探讨它在激发学生学习动机和提高学生英语综合应用能力方面的可能性和效益。本文的目的主要是解决以下三个问题:1)电影片段在初中英语教学中运用是否切实可行?2)电影片段在初中英语教学中的运用是否优越于现有的英语教学?3)电影片段在初中英语教学中运用的优越性体现在哪些方面?
本研究持续了两个学期(36周),共计180个学时,参与试验的学生为广东省佛山市三水区西南二中的104名初二学生和25名英语教师。试验对比的是受试者在实验前后在下述四个方面的变化:1)英语学习动机;2)英语语言能力;3)词汇量;4)文化意识。试验数据包括三份调查问卷、一次前测和一次后测成绩。
研究结果表明:将电影片段运用于初中英语教学中,其教学效果明显优越于现有的英语教学。随着电影片段在初中英语教学中的运用,教学效率将大大提高。
本文旨在通过探索电影片段在初中英语教学中运用的可行性和优势,探寻一种较为高效的教学方法。笔者在这方面的教学研究只是一个开始,希望本论文能为我们的初中英语教学和学习提供一些参考,并为致力于这方面研究的同仁起到抛砖引玉的作用。
With the rapid development of society and economy, talents good at English are badly needed in our country. So English has become more and more important. In current English teaching, teachers as the dictatorial governors of the class are just trying to provide students with answers and information just like filling empty vessels. With such a backward teaching mode, students find English learning hard and boring. Current English teaching is greatly challenged. Something has to be done.
As an at-hand resource in our everyday life, film carries information by sound and images, which can enrich the background knowledge of the students, offer them information as well as enhance their capacity of understanding. Film materials can provide rich visual aids to input, and at the same time expose students to large quantities of input. The input can become more comprehensible through the support of visual images and various subtitles, though the film language will be a little beyond students' current level. Events, setting, actions, expressions, gestures in a scene give students a dense immediate context which highlights meaning, both literal and pragmatic.
Studies from both home and abroad have been carried out for a long time, but they're mostly about the application of films to audio-video course in colleges and universities. So far no study has been carried out on the application in Junior English teaching (JET). In this paper the author made a study of exploring a more effective way of teaching English in Junior High School with the aid of film clips. The paper aims to answer the following three questions: 1) Is the application of film clips practicable in JET? 2) Is the application of film clips to JET superior to current English teaching without film clips? 3) What are the advantages of applying film clips to JET?
This experiment lasted two semesters from Sept 1, 2007 to July 9, 2008, which covered 180 teaching periods. The subjects for this study were 104 Junior Two students and 25 English teachers from Xi'nan No.2 Middle School in Sanshui District, Foshan City, GuangDong Province. The experiment examined students' improvement and performance from the following four aspects: 1) motivation; 2) language acquisition; 3) vocabulary; 4) cultural awareness. The instrumental tools involved in this study were three questionnaires and two tests.
The result of the study concludes that the application of film clips to JET is clearly superior to current English teaching without film clips and that with film clips used in English teaching, the efficiency of teaching and learning will be greatly raised.
In this paper, we tried to explore a more efficient way of teaching bydemonstrating the feasibility and advantages of applying film clips to JET. Our attempt in this study is just a beginning. It is hoped that our research will be of some practical use to our junior English teaching and learning, and will provide references for those who are also interested in this subject.
引文
Alexandria,VA:Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages,Inc.(ED 388 082).
Arcario,P.(1992).Criteria for selecting video materials.In S.Stempleski & P.Arcario(Eds.),Video in second language teaching:Using,selecting,and producing video for the classroom(pp.109-122).
Bagley,C.& Hunter,B.(1992),“Restructuring,constructivism,and technology:For going a new relationship,”Educational Technology,32(7),pp.22-27.
Bello,T.(1999,August/September).New avenues to choosing and using videos.TESOL.
Bereiter-Hahn,J.,and Voth,M.1994.Dynamics of mitochondria in living cells:shape changes,dislocations,fusion,and fission of mitochondria.Microsc.Res.Tech.27:198-219.
Braddock,B.1996.Using films in the English class.Hemel Hempstead:Phoenix ELT.
Brown,H.Douglas.1994.Teaching by Principles:An Interaction Approach to Language Pedagogy.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Bruner,J.Constructivist Theory Learning.(http:// www.Sedl,org./scimath/ compass/ VOLn03/ welcom.Html).OLTC Web Service,Scotland,1966.
Casanave,C & Freedman,D.1995.“Learning by collaboration and teaching a film presentation project”,p.28-39.In C.
Casanave & Simons(Eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes.Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Chun,Vernon 1996.DVD:“A new medium for language classrooms?”.Available:langue.hyper.chubu.ac.jp/jalt/pub/tlt/96/sept/dvd.html.
Chung,V.1995.“A comprehensive approach to teaching with movie videos”.Paper presented at the 21st Annual JALT International Conference,Nagoya,Japan.
Crookes,G.1989.Planning and Interlanguage Variation.Studies in Second Language Acquisition 11:367-383.
Davis,R.S.1998.“Captioned video:Making it work for you”.The Internet TESL Journal,Vol.IV,No.3,March.http://www.aitech.ac.jp/～iteslj/
Davis,R.S.(1999,June/July).Video in the corridors of cyberspace.
TESOL Matters,9(3),14-15.(http://esl-lab.com/tutorials/lesson4.htm)
Donley,K.2000.“Film for fluency”.English Teaching Forum,April,2000.
Doye,C.1998.“Films for self-study”.Modern English Teacher,Vol.7.No.4,1998
Fazey,M.(1999).Guidelines to help instructors help their learners get the most out of video lessons.Unpublished manuscript.(Available from Kentucky Educational Television,Lexingon,KY)
Fox,T.1999.“Enhancing the power of passive film viewing”.The ETA-Rep.of China Newsletter,Vo.3,No.l.March,1999.
Gaer,S.(1998).Using software in the adult ESL classroom.ERIC Q&A.Washington,DC:National Center for ESL Literacy Education.(ED 418 607)
Gardener,R(1985).Social Psychology and Second Language Learning. London.
Gareis,E.(1997).Movies in the language classroom:Dealing with problematic content.TESOL Journal,6(4),20-23.
Holden,W.2000.“Making the most of movies:keeping film response journals”.Modern English Teacher,Vol.9,No.2,2000.
Hwang,C.C.2000.“A word amounts to a life? Pragmatic usage and intercultural communicative competence”.Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on English teaching and learning in ROC.p.340-352.
Johnston,J.(1999).Enhancing adult literacy instruction with video.Unpublished manuscript,University of Michigan-Ann Arbor.
King,J.2002.“Motivating learning through multimedia film projects”.Unpublished paper.Request at jane@mail.scu.edu.tw.
Kramsch.C.(1993).Context and Culture in Language Teaching.New York:Oxford
Krashen,S.1985.The Input Hypothesis:Issues and Implications.London:Longman.
Library of Congress.(1995).Circular 21:Reproductions of copyrighted works by educators and librarians.Washington,DC:Author.(http://www.loc.gov/copyright/circs/index.html#circ/)
Lin,Li-Yun.2000.“Motivational and effective film activities for the language lab class”.Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on English teaching and learning in the ROC.P.497-505.Mejia,E.,Xiao,M.K.& Kenney,J.1994.102 very teachable films.Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice Hall Regents.
Living Language.(1999).English for new Americans.New York: Random House.(http://www.fodors.com/language/ home.html)Matters,9(4),20.
Marion Williams,& Robert L Burden;Psychology for Lan-guage Teachers[M];2000.
Nunan,D.1991.Language Teaching Methodology.New York:Prentice Hall.
Piaget,J.The Origins of Intelligence in Children.New York:International Universities Press,1966.
Piaget,J.The Construction of Reality in the Child.New York:International Universities Press,1967.
Piaget,J.The Language and the Thought of the Child.New York:A Meridian Book,1974.
Rod Ellis.(1985).Understanding Second Language Acquisition[A].Oxford University Press.
Ryan,Stephen 1998.“Using films to develop learner motivation”.The Internet TESL Journal,Vol.Ⅳ,No.11,November 1998.http://www.aitech.ac.jp/～iteslj/
Savage,K.L.,& Howard,L.(1992).Teacher training through videos:ESL techniques.White Plains,NY:Longmans.
Shea,D.1995.“Whole movies and engaged response in the Japanese university ESL classroom”.In C.Casanave & Simons(Eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes(p3-17).Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Simons,J.1995.“Copyright laws and video in the classroom”.In C.Casanave & Simons(eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes(p3-17).Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Stempleski,S.& Tomalin,B.1990.Video in Action:Recipes for using video in language teaching.NY:Prentice Hall.
Stempleski,S.(1992).Teaching communication skills with authentic video.In S.
Stempleski & P.Arcario(Eds.),Video in second language teaching:Using,selecting,and producing video for the classroom(pp.7-24).Alexandria,VA:Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages,Inc.(ED 388 082)
Stempleski,S.2000.“Video in the ESL classroom:Making the most of the movies”.ESL Magazine,March/April,2000.p.10-12.
Summerfield,E.1993.Crossing cultures through film.Yarmough,ME:Intercultural Press.
Taggart,K.(1996,Spring).Preparing ESL workers to work in teams.The Connector,4,2-3.(http://www.cal.Org/Archive/projects/Mellon.htm#NEWS)
Taylor,R.P.The computer in the School:Tutor,Tool,Tutee.Teacher's collge,Columbia University(New York:Teacher's College Press,New York),1980.
Vygotsky L.Mind in Society:The Development of Higher Psychological Processes[M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard UP,1978.
Ward,J & Lepeintre 1996.“The creative connection in movies and TV:What Degrassi High teach teachers”.The Journal of the Imagination in Language Leaning and Teaching.Vol Ⅲ.1995-1996.
Willis,J.W & Mehlinger,H.D.(1996).Information Technology and Teacher Education in J.Sikula,T.J.Buttery,& E.Guyton,(Eds.)Handbook of Research on Teacher Education(2nd edition).New York:Simon & Schuster Macmillan,pp.978-1029
Wood,D.1995."Film communication in TEFL".Video Rising:Newsletter of the Japan Assoc.for Language Teaching.Vol.7.Issue 1.
Zhang Jianzhong & Yu Hongzhen[张兼中、俞红珍]《英语教育心理学》北京:警官教育出版社2003。
卞喜玉.英美影视片与英语教学.山东外语教学,1995(2)。
蔡东东.当代英美电影鉴赏[M].北京:外文出版社,2000。
陈琦、张建伟.建构主义与教学改革[J].教育研究与实验,1998(3)。
邓炎昌、刘润清.语言与文化.外语教学与研究出版社,1989:160。
窦陇萍.浅谈英语视听说教学[J].新疆大学学报,2003,(9)。
方琰、曹莉、孙郁根.经典影片精彩片断语言评析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001。
顾佩娅、方颖.基于建构主义的计算机辅助项目教学实践[J].外语与外语教学,2003(7):28-31,41。
郭娟、蒋海燕.人本主义活动在英语教学中的运用.北京:首都师范大学出版社,2005。
韩国红.浅谈英语口语教学[J].山东外语教学,1993(3)。
何安平.新课程理念与初中英语课程改革.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002。
何克抗.建构主义—革新传统教学的理论基础[J].教育技术研究,1997。
胡继明.多媒体在小学英语课堂教学中的使用[J].中小学英语教育,2002(7).。
胡文仲.文化与交际[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1998。
黄燕萍.英语教学中应贯穿文化教学[J].广东教育学院学报,1999(4)。
李宗莲.浅谈英语兴趣教学法[A].教育报,2003(7)。
林立.第二语言习得研究.北京:首都师范大学出版社,2000。
潘菽.教育心理学[M].人民教育出版社,1986。
束定芳、庄智象.《现代外语教学—理论,实践与方法》[M],上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996。
王立菲.现代外语教育学[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2000。
王若梅.文化意识在英语教学中的渗透[J].教育探索,2002(7)。
王珠珠.电影课实验在中国.北京:高等教育出版社,2003。
肖健.论英语教学中电影资源的应用[J].南通纺织职业技术学院学报,2004(4):68-69。
修月祯.网络多媒体环境下的英语教学改革之研究[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.11。
杨慎生.优秀电影文学视听系列[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998。
袁昌寰.21世纪中学英语教学理论与实践.北京:北京广播学院出版社,2002。
袁智忠.电影欣赏过程理论[J].西南民族学院学报,2000,(3):77-80。
张正东.外语教育学[M].科学出版社,1999:66-68。
章伟民.建构主义及其教学设计原则.外语电化教学,2003(3)。
中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会.外语教学理论和实践.北京:人民教育出版社,1999。
朱纯.外语教学心理学.上海外语教育出版社,1988:35。
Arcario,P.(1992).Criteria for selecting video materials.In S.Stempleski & P.Arcario(Eds.),Video in second language teaching:Using,selecting,and producing video for the classroom(pp.109-122).
Bagley,C.& Hunter,B.(1992),“Restructuring,constructivism,and technology:For going a new relationship,”Educational Technology,32(7),pp.22-27.
Bello,T.(1999,August/September).New avenues to choosing and using videos.TESOL.
Bereiter-Hahn,J.,and Voth,M.1994.Dynamics of mitochondria in living cells:shape changes,dislocations,fusion,and fission of mitochondria.Microsc.Res.Tech.27:198-219.
Braddock,B.1996.Using films in the English class.Hemel Hempstead:Phoenix ELT.
Brown,H.Douglas.1994.Teaching by Principles:An Interaction Approach to Language Pedagogy.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Bruner,J.Constructivist Theory Learning.(http:// www.Sedl,org./scimath/ compass/ VOLn03/ welcom.Html).OLTC Web Service,Scotland,1966.
Casanave,C & Freedman,D.1995.“Learning by collaboration and teaching a film presentation project”,p.28-39.In C.
Casanave & Simons(Eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes.Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Chun,Vernon 1996.DVD:“A new medium for language classrooms?”.Available:langue.hyper.chubu.ac.jp/jalt/pub/tlt/96/sept/dvd.html.
Chung,V.1995.“A comprehensive approach to teaching with movie videos”.Paper presented at the 21st Annual JALT International Conference,Nagoya,Japan.
Crookes,G.1989.Planning and Interlanguage Variation.Studies in Second Language Acquisition 11:367-383.
Davis,R.S.1998.“Captioned video:Making it work for you”.The Internet TESL Journal,Vol.IV,No.3,March.http://www.aitech.ac.jp/～iteslj/
Davis,R.S.(1999,June/July).Video in the corridors of cyberspace.
TESOL Matters,9(3),14-15.(http://esl-lab.com/tutorials/lesson4.htm)
Donley,K.2000.“Film for fluency”.English Teaching Forum,April,2000.
Doye,C.1998.“Films for self-study”.Modern English Teacher,Vol.7.No.4,1998
Fazey,M.(1999).Guidelines to help instructors help their learners get the most out of video lessons.Unpublished manuscript.(Available from Kentucky Educational Television,Lexingon,KY)
Fox,T.1999.“Enhancing the power of passive film viewing”.The ETA-Rep.of China Newsletter,Vo.3,No.l.March,1999.
Gaer,S.(1998).Using software in the adult ESL classroom.ERIC Q&A.Washington,DC:National Center for ESL Literacy Education.(ED 418 607)
Gardener,R(1985).Social Psychology and Second Language Learning. London.
Gareis,E.(1997).Movies in the language classroom:Dealing with problematic content.TESOL Journal,6(4),20-23.
Holden,W.2000.“Making the most of movies:keeping film response journals”.Modern English Teacher,Vol.9,No.2,2000.
Hwang,C.C.2000.“A word amounts to a life? Pragmatic usage and intercultural communicative competence”.Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on English teaching and learning in ROC.p.340-352.
Johnston,J.(1999).Enhancing adult literacy instruction with video.Unpublished manuscript,University of Michigan-Ann Arbor.
King,J.2002.“Motivating learning through multimedia film projects”.Unpublished paper.Request at jane@mail.scu.edu.tw.
Kramsch.C.(1993).Context and Culture in Language Teaching.New York:Oxford
Krashen,S.1985.The Input Hypothesis:Issues and Implications.London:Longman.
Library of Congress.(1995).Circular 21:Reproductions of copyrighted works by educators and librarians.Washington,DC:Author.(http://www.loc.gov/copyright/circs/index.html#circ/)
Lin,Li-Yun.2000.“Motivational and effective film activities for the language lab class”.Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on English teaching and learning in the ROC.P.497-505.Mejia,E.,Xiao,M.K.& Kenney,J.1994.102 very teachable films.Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice Hall Regents.
Living Language.(1999).English for new Americans.New York: Random House.(http://www.fodors.com/language/ home.html)Matters,9(4),20.
Marion Williams,& Robert L Burden;Psychology for Lan-guage Teachers[M];2000.
Nunan,D.1991.Language Teaching Methodology.New York:Prentice Hall.
Piaget,J.The Origins of Intelligence in Children.New York:International Universities Press,1966.
Piaget,J.The Construction of Reality in the Child.New York:International Universities Press,1967.
Piaget,J.The Language and the Thought of the Child.New York:A Meridian Book,1974.
Rod Ellis.(1985).Understanding Second Language Acquisition[A].Oxford University Press.
Ryan,Stephen 1998.“Using films to develop learner motivation”.The Internet TESL Journal,Vol.Ⅳ,No.11,November 1998.http://www.aitech.ac.jp/～iteslj/
Savage,K.L.,& Howard,L.(1992).Teacher training through videos:ESL techniques.White Plains,NY:Longmans.
Shea,D.1995.“Whole movies and engaged response in the Japanese university ESL classroom”.In C.Casanave & Simons(Eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes(p3-17).Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Simons,J.1995.“Copyright laws and video in the classroom”.In C.Casanave & Simons(eds.),Pedagogical perspective on using films in foreign language classes(p3-17).Keio University SFC Monograph #4.
Stempleski,S.& Tomalin,B.1990.Video in Action:Recipes for using video in language teaching.NY:Prentice Hall.
Stempleski,S.(1992).Teaching communication skills with authentic video.In S.
Stempleski & P.Arcario(Eds.),Video in second language teaching:Using,selecting,and producing video for the classroom(pp.7-24).Alexandria,VA:Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages,Inc.(ED 388 082)
Stempleski,S.2000.“Video in the ESL classroom:Making the most of the movies”.ESL Magazine,March/April,2000.p.10-12.
Summerfield,E.1993.Crossing cultures through film.Yarmough,ME:Intercultural Press.
Taggart,K.(1996,Spring).Preparing ESL workers to work in teams.The Connector,4,2-3.(http://www.cal.Org/Archive/projects/Mellon.htm#NEWS)
Taylor,R.P.The computer in the School:Tutor,Tool,Tutee.Teacher's collge,Columbia University(New York:Teacher's College Press,New York),1980.
Vygotsky L.Mind in Society:The Development of Higher Psychological Processes[M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard UP,1978.
Ward,J & Lepeintre 1996.“The creative connection in movies and TV:What Degrassi High teach teachers”.The Journal of the Imagination in Language Leaning and Teaching.Vol Ⅲ.1995-1996.
Willis,J.W & Mehlinger,H.D.(1996).Information Technology and Teacher Education in J.Sikula,T.J.Buttery,& E.Guyton,(Eds.)Handbook of Research on Teacher Education(2nd edition).New York:Simon & Schuster Macmillan,pp.978-1029
Wood,D.1995."Film communication in TEFL".Video Rising:Newsletter of the Japan Assoc.for Language Teaching.Vol.7.Issue 1.
Zhang Jianzhong & Yu Hongzhen[张兼中、俞红珍]《英语教育心理学》北京:警官教育出版社2003。
卞喜玉.英美影视片与英语教学.山东外语教学,1995(2)。
蔡东东.当代英美电影鉴赏[M].北京:外文出版社,2000。
陈琦、张建伟.建构主义与教学改革[J].教育研究与实验,1998(3)。
邓炎昌、刘润清.语言与文化.外语教学与研究出版社,1989:160。
窦陇萍.浅谈英语视听说教学[J].新疆大学学报,2003,(9)。
方琰、曹莉、孙郁根.经典影片精彩片断语言评析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001。
顾佩娅、方颖.基于建构主义的计算机辅助项目教学实践[J].外语与外语教学,2003(7):28-31,41。
郭娟、蒋海燕.人本主义活动在英语教学中的运用.北京:首都师范大学出版社,2005。
韩国红.浅谈英语口语教学[J].山东外语教学,1993(3)。
何安平.新课程理念与初中英语课程改革.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002。
何克抗.建构主义—革新传统教学的理论基础[J].教育技术研究,1997。
胡继明.多媒体在小学英语课堂教学中的使用[J].中小学英语教育,2002(7).。
胡文仲.文化与交际[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1998。
黄燕萍.英语教学中应贯穿文化教学[J].广东教育学院学报,1999(4)。
李宗莲.浅谈英语兴趣教学法[A].教育报,2003(7)。
林立.第二语言习得研究.北京:首都师范大学出版社,2000。
潘菽.教育心理学[M].人民教育出版社,1986。
束定芳、庄智象.《现代外语教学—理论,实践与方法》[M],上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996。
王立菲.现代外语教育学[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2000。
王若梅.文化意识在英语教学中的渗透[J].教育探索,2002(7)。
王珠珠.电影课实验在中国.北京:高等教育出版社,2003。
肖健.论英语教学中电影资源的应用[J].南通纺织职业技术学院学报,2004(4):68-69。
修月祯.网络多媒体环境下的英语教学改革之研究[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.11。
杨慎生.优秀电影文学视听系列[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998。
袁昌寰.21世纪中学英语教学理论与实践.北京:北京广播学院出版社,2002。
袁智忠.电影欣赏过程理论[J].西南民族学院学报,2000,(3):77-80。
张正东.外语教育学[M].科学出版社,1999:66-68。
章伟民.建构主义及其教学设计原则.外语电化教学,2003(3)。
中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会.外语教学理论和实践.北京:人民教育出版社,1999。
朱纯.外语教学心理学.上海外语教育出版社,1988:35。