金属薄板激光冲击成形性能研究
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摘要
激光冲击成形是利用激光产生的冲击波使金属板料产生塑性变形的一种新型的板料塑性成形技术,是激光在金属板料成形领域新的应用。本文在分析了国内外激光冲击成形研究的基础上,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对金属薄板激光垂直冲击成形和斜冲击成形的成形性能进行了研究,并制作了金属板料激光冲击成形极限图;通过实验研究了激光冲击下铝合金板料的变形特性、影响板料变形大小的主要因素,为实现激光大面积冲击成形和优化激光冲击成形工艺参数提供了依据。本文主要工作和结果有以下几点:
1.首次提出了金属板料激光冲击成形极限的研究,利用ABAQUS制作出了铝合金板料3003H16的激光冲击成形极限图;
2.通过对成形深度、板料厚度、应变路径及应力分布分析,研究了激光参数、板料参数和边界条件对金属薄板激光冲击成形性能的影响;
3.根据激光斜冲击成形的理论,建立了激光斜冲击成形的有限元模型,并分析了激光光束入射角度对板料深度方向最大变形量和偏向量的影响以及对板料成形性能的影响;
4.实验研究了单点冲击下激光参数、板料参数以及边界条件等因素对铝合金板料激光冲击成形的影响。研究表明:当激光冲击波的压力大于板料动态屈服强度时,变形量随激光能量、光斑尺寸、凹模孔径的增大呈非线性递增;变形量随着冲击次数的增加而增大,但增加幅度逐渐减小;相同形状的板料尺寸越大变形量越小,圆形板料比方形板料有更好的成形性能;
Laser shock forming (LSF) is a novel forming technique that laser-induced shock wave is used to plastic deformation of metal sheet. Based on the preliminary study on LSF both at home and abroad, By FEA software of ABAQUS, this paper simulated and analyzed the formability of metal sheet laser vertical and oblique shock forming, and produced the forming limit diagram of metal sheet LSF. By experiments this paper studied characteristics of laser shock forming, analyzed primary factors which affect the deformation of metal sheet. The study will provide a basis for a large area of LSF and optimization of laser shock forming process parameters. In this paper, the main contents and results as following:
1. For the first time the metal sheet laser shock forming limit was proposed. Using ABAQUS simulated the aluminum alloy sheet 3003H16 laser shock forming limit, and obtained the forming limit diagram of the material..
2. By forming depth, the thickness of metal sheet, strain path and stress distribution analysis, the influence of laser parameters, sheet parameters and boundary conditions to formability of metal sheet were studied;
3. According to the laser oblique shock forming the theory, the finite element model of laser oblique shock forming was made .The study simulated and analyzed the influence of laser beam angle to magnitude of the largest depth deformation and eccentricity, and the influence to the formability of metal sheet.
4. By experiments, the influence of laser parameters, sheet parameters and boundary conditions to deformation of metal sheet were studied. The study shows when the pressure of laser-induced shock wave exceeds over dynamic yield stress of metal sheet, the deformation of metal sheet increases with the increase of laser power ,beam diameter and die confining diameter in a nonlinear way; the deformation of metal sheet increases with the increase of the number of shocks ,but the rate of increase has decreased; the size of the same shape sheet is greater, the deformation is smaller, the formability of round sheet is better than that of square sheet.
1.首次提出了金属板料激光冲击成形极限的研究,利用ABAQUS制作出了铝合金板料3003H16的激光冲击成形极限图;
2.通过对成形深度、板料厚度、应变路径及应力分布分析,研究了激光参数、板料参数和边界条件对金属薄板激光冲击成形性能的影响;
3.根据激光斜冲击成形的理论,建立了激光斜冲击成形的有限元模型,并分析了激光光束入射角度对板料深度方向最大变形量和偏向量的影响以及对板料成形性能的影响;
4.实验研究了单点冲击下激光参数、板料参数以及边界条件等因素对铝合金板料激光冲击成形的影响。研究表明:当激光冲击波的压力大于板料动态屈服强度时,变形量随激光能量、光斑尺寸、凹模孔径的增大呈非线性递增;变形量随着冲击次数的增加而增大,但增加幅度逐渐减小;相同形状的板料尺寸越大变形量越小,圆形板料比方形板料有更好的成形性能;
Laser shock forming (LSF) is a novel forming technique that laser-induced shock wave is used to plastic deformation of metal sheet. Based on the preliminary study on LSF both at home and abroad, By FEA software of ABAQUS, this paper simulated and analyzed the formability of metal sheet laser vertical and oblique shock forming, and produced the forming limit diagram of metal sheet LSF. By experiments this paper studied characteristics of laser shock forming, analyzed primary factors which affect the deformation of metal sheet. The study will provide a basis for a large area of LSF and optimization of laser shock forming process parameters. In this paper, the main contents and results as following:
1. For the first time the metal sheet laser shock forming limit was proposed. Using ABAQUS simulated the aluminum alloy sheet 3003H16 laser shock forming limit, and obtained the forming limit diagram of the material..
2. By forming depth, the thickness of metal sheet, strain path and stress distribution analysis, the influence of laser parameters, sheet parameters and boundary conditions to formability of metal sheet were studied;
3. According to the laser oblique shock forming the theory, the finite element model of laser oblique shock forming was made .The study simulated and analyzed the influence of laser beam angle to magnitude of the largest depth deformation and eccentricity, and the influence to the formability of metal sheet.
4. By experiments, the influence of laser parameters, sheet parameters and boundary conditions to deformation of metal sheet were studied. The study shows when the pressure of laser-induced shock wave exceeds over dynamic yield stress of metal sheet, the deformation of metal sheet increases with the increase of laser power ,beam diameter and die confining diameter in a nonlinear way; the deformation of metal sheet increases with the increase of the number of shocks ,but the rate of increase has decreased; the size of the same shape sheet is greater, the deformation is smaller, the formability of round sheet is better than that of square sheet.
引文
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