碳酸盐岩气藏开发早期连通性及治水对策研究
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摘要
碳酸盐岩气藏非均质性强,在开发早期由于生产时间短,气田面临连通单元不明确、气水关系不清楚等诸多难题。由于这些难题的困扰,在生产井出水后不能准确作出相应的治水对策,这可能会严重影响生产,甚至关井停产。
四川LG气田为碳酸盐岩气藏,目的层位为飞仙关和长兴组。为克服水体锥进,气田对气、水层连通的生产层段,均采用射开水层、气水合采的方式生产,在生产的同时依靠气体自身能量尽可能多的将地层水带出,从而降低水体锥进的风险。由于射开水层,连通水层的气井在初期便面临大量产水的情况,甚至高产井LG2完全水淹的严重后果。不同的井产水情况不同。由于对各生产井之间连通性不了解,无法判断出水类型,从而不能判断该气田应该采取避射水层控制产量的治水对策,还是该采取射开水层、气水合采的治水对策。事实证明,清楚划分气藏连通单元及明确出水机理,对于研究射开水层、气水同采是否适合于该气田是非常必要的。
论文利用钻井资料、测井资料、压力资料、MDT资料、联井剖面、水化学分析及生产动态等资料,划分了研究区内的连通单元,及各连通单元相应的驱动类型,分析研究了生产井产水机理及特征。根据各生产井水气比及变化情况,总结了三种产水类型的出水特征,分别是:A型(强水侵型)、B型(弱水侵型)和C型(平稳型)。
分析讨论了各连通单元的储层特征及其相对应的产水类型,认为A型产水特征对应连的通单元储层发育裂缝形成高渗透带;B型和C型产水特征对应连通单元储层不发育裂缝,属于低渗储层。
采用气田实际情况参数,应用理论数值模拟的方法对储层发育裂缝和不发育裂缝两种情况的连通单元,分别模拟避射水层开采和射开水层气水同采两种情况。分析对比模拟结果,认为对于裂缝发育并沟通气、水层的情况,避射水层开采的最终采收率高,气井稳产期更长。因此,建议对LG2井单元,采用避射水层,控制产量的方法遏制水体锥进。对于裂缝不发育的LG001-3井单元、LG001-1井单元、LG001-18井单元和LG001-2井单元,数值模拟计算结果表明,射开水层、气水同采的方法能提高气藏的最终采收率,并且可以延长气井的稳产期。建议对LG001-3井单元、LG001-1井单元、LG001-18井单元和LG001-2井单元采用射开水层、气水同采的治水对策。
通过研究,对区块内各井所属连通单元及产水类型有了较为明确的认识。对于裂缝发育单元,建议采取避射水层、控制产量的治水对策,而裂缝不发育的单元建议采取射开水层、气水合采的治水对策。本次研究为气田大规模成功开发提供可靠的依据。
Carbonate gas reservoir is strong of heterogeneity. In the early development , because production time is short, gas field faces the problems,such as connected units are not clear, relationship of gas and water is not clear. Because of these problems, when producing well produces water, ways to control water could not be took correctly. It perhaps seriously affect production, even closed in production.
Sichuan LG gas field is carbonate gas reservoir, and the formations of interest are T1f and P2ch. To overcome water coning, in this gas field all the wells in which gas bearing formations connected water bearing formation, the water bearing formations were perforated. Both gas and water are producted. When gas produces, it also carries as much more water as they can. This way could overcome water coning. Because water bearing formations were perforated, the wells connect water produce much water at early stage, even high capacity well LG2 was submerged by water. Different well has diferent situation. As the connectivity among the wells is not clear, the producing water types are not known. As a result, it is not sure to know that wether produce with avoiding perforating water bearing formation is better or perforating water bearing formation. The facts show that make sure the connected units and mechanism of water are important for study perforating water bearing formation.
Files such as drilling, logging, pressure, MDT, water chemistry and producing etc. are used in the article to classify the connected units, and their drive types, and studied the water mechanisms and features of each producing well. According to the WGR and its changes, three types of water are summed up, typeA(strong water invasion),typeB(weak water invasion),typeC(steady water invasion).
The reservoir features and water types of each connected units are coMPared. It shows that stype A was caused by the fractures forming high permeability zone. There are no fractures in the units met stype B and stype C with low permeability.
By concept numerical simulation, the true parameters of the gas field were adopted, reservior with fractures and reservior without fractures were separately simulated to produce by avoiding perforating water bearing formations and perforating water bearing formations. CoMParing the results, the way of avoiding perforating water bearing formations and controling production should be used to the unit LG2 with fractures, because it caused to higher recovery and longer period of stabilized production. For the units without fractures such as unit LG001-3, unit LG001-1, unit LG001-18 and unit LG001-2, the simulated result shows that perforating water bearing formations has higher recovery and longer period of stabilized production. So this method was suggested.
Through study, the connected units among each well are more clearly. Avoiding perforating water bearing formations and controling production was suggested in unit with fractures, and perforating water bearing formations was suggested in unit without fractures. This study supplies reliable basis for large-scale successful development.
四川LG气田为碳酸盐岩气藏,目的层位为飞仙关和长兴组。为克服水体锥进,气田对气、水层连通的生产层段,均采用射开水层、气水合采的方式生产,在生产的同时依靠气体自身能量尽可能多的将地层水带出,从而降低水体锥进的风险。由于射开水层,连通水层的气井在初期便面临大量产水的情况,甚至高产井LG2完全水淹的严重后果。不同的井产水情况不同。由于对各生产井之间连通性不了解,无法判断出水类型,从而不能判断该气田应该采取避射水层控制产量的治水对策,还是该采取射开水层、气水合采的治水对策。事实证明,清楚划分气藏连通单元及明确出水机理,对于研究射开水层、气水同采是否适合于该气田是非常必要的。
论文利用钻井资料、测井资料、压力资料、MDT资料、联井剖面、水化学分析及生产动态等资料,划分了研究区内的连通单元,及各连通单元相应的驱动类型,分析研究了生产井产水机理及特征。根据各生产井水气比及变化情况,总结了三种产水类型的出水特征,分别是:A型(强水侵型)、B型(弱水侵型)和C型(平稳型)。
分析讨论了各连通单元的储层特征及其相对应的产水类型,认为A型产水特征对应连的通单元储层发育裂缝形成高渗透带;B型和C型产水特征对应连通单元储层不发育裂缝,属于低渗储层。
采用气田实际情况参数,应用理论数值模拟的方法对储层发育裂缝和不发育裂缝两种情况的连通单元,分别模拟避射水层开采和射开水层气水同采两种情况。分析对比模拟结果,认为对于裂缝发育并沟通气、水层的情况,避射水层开采的最终采收率高,气井稳产期更长。因此,建议对LG2井单元,采用避射水层,控制产量的方法遏制水体锥进。对于裂缝不发育的LG001-3井单元、LG001-1井单元、LG001-18井单元和LG001-2井单元,数值模拟计算结果表明,射开水层、气水同采的方法能提高气藏的最终采收率,并且可以延长气井的稳产期。建议对LG001-3井单元、LG001-1井单元、LG001-18井单元和LG001-2井单元采用射开水层、气水同采的治水对策。
通过研究,对区块内各井所属连通单元及产水类型有了较为明确的认识。对于裂缝发育单元,建议采取避射水层、控制产量的治水对策,而裂缝不发育的单元建议采取射开水层、气水合采的治水对策。本次研究为气田大规模成功开发提供可靠的依据。
Carbonate gas reservoir is strong of heterogeneity. In the early development , because production time is short, gas field faces the problems,such as connected units are not clear, relationship of gas and water is not clear. Because of these problems, when producing well produces water, ways to control water could not be took correctly. It perhaps seriously affect production, even closed in production.
Sichuan LG gas field is carbonate gas reservoir, and the formations of interest are T1f and P2ch. To overcome water coning, in this gas field all the wells in which gas bearing formations connected water bearing formation, the water bearing formations were perforated. Both gas and water are producted. When gas produces, it also carries as much more water as they can. This way could overcome water coning. Because water bearing formations were perforated, the wells connect water produce much water at early stage, even high capacity well LG2 was submerged by water. Different well has diferent situation. As the connectivity among the wells is not clear, the producing water types are not known. As a result, it is not sure to know that wether produce with avoiding perforating water bearing formation is better or perforating water bearing formation. The facts show that make sure the connected units and mechanism of water are important for study perforating water bearing formation.
Files such as drilling, logging, pressure, MDT, water chemistry and producing etc. are used in the article to classify the connected units, and their drive types, and studied the water mechanisms and features of each producing well. According to the WGR and its changes, three types of water are summed up, typeA(strong water invasion),typeB(weak water invasion),typeC(steady water invasion).
The reservoir features and water types of each connected units are coMPared. It shows that stype A was caused by the fractures forming high permeability zone. There are no fractures in the units met stype B and stype C with low permeability.
By concept numerical simulation, the true parameters of the gas field were adopted, reservior with fractures and reservior without fractures were separately simulated to produce by avoiding perforating water bearing formations and perforating water bearing formations. CoMParing the results, the way of avoiding perforating water bearing formations and controling production should be used to the unit LG2 with fractures, because it caused to higher recovery and longer period of stabilized production. For the units without fractures such as unit LG001-3, unit LG001-1, unit LG001-18 and unit LG001-2, the simulated result shows that perforating water bearing formations has higher recovery and longer period of stabilized production. So this method was suggested.
Through study, the connected units among each well are more clearly. Avoiding perforating water bearing formations and controling production was suggested in unit with fractures, and perforating water bearing formations was suggested in unit without fractures. This study supplies reliable basis for large-scale successful development.
引文
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