直流侧混合有源电力滤波器谐波补偿控制研究
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摘要
随着各种非线性负荷的广泛应用，谐波污染日益严重。其中电力电子变流电路产生的谐波干扰已经成为电力系统的主要问题，并且电力电子系统中的无源元件，尤其是电解电容，在体积、价格和稳定性方面没有显著的改进，同时谐波过热会危及电解电容的使用寿命，所以电解电容已成为电力系统中最薄弱的部分。随着高频化大功率电力电子器件的出现，硅基电力电子器件及电路性能大幅度提高，成本和体积大幅度下降。通过高频变流技术用有源硅基器件代替无源元件进而实现无源元件功能成为可能。通常使用有源电力滤波器（APF）代替电解电容来达到系统要求。但是APF作为新兴的谐波补偿装置，也有自身的弊端。
综合考虑，为了克服APF的缺点，通常把APF和无源电力滤波器（PPF）混合使用，利用它们各自的优点，来达到扩大容量，降低成本和提高性能的要求。本文将混合型有源电力滤波器应用于变流器直流侧，实现电解电容的硅解。
在控制方法上，本文使用直流环纹波电压滞环控制方法和模糊逻辑方法联合控制APF开关元件的开关，达到理想补偿谐波的目的。提出电流型APF直流侧电感电流保持恒定的模糊控制方法。应用MATLAB对该系统进行仿真，仿真结果与期望一致，取得满意效果。并在此基础上，实现DSP控制系统设计，进行实验来证明其结果的正确性。
As the rapid development of power electronics technique, Lots of power electronics devices have been applied in many fields. However, it also arouses the serious harmonic pollution in the power system. Now, harmonics of the power electronics inverter have been the most important resource in that of the power system. Passive components in power electronics system, especially electrolytic capacitor, not only have not obvious improvement in its size, cost and reliability, but also will decrease working life when it works in high temperature environment. In a word, the electrolytic capacitor becomes the feeblest part in the power system. To eliminate the disturbance of the harmonics effectively, Power electronics engineers have applied active power filters (APF) to substitute the electrolytic capacitor. But as a new device of harmonics compensation, APF has much shortcoming it couldn’t overcome itself.
Now, that APF associate with passive power filters (PPF) to compensate harmonics is the most effective method. With this method, system’s capacity can be enlarged, cost can been decreased and performance can been improved. This paper apply shunt active-passive hybrid filter replacing the electrolytic capacitor to the dc-link of the inverter to realize the “silicon solution” of the electrolytic capacitor.
Meanwhile the proposed scheme describe the new method that the hysteresis control system and the digital fuzzy logic control system is united to control whether the switch work or not. We apply MATLAB software to emulate the system. On this basis, we build the system based on the TMS320F240 chip so that we can improve the performance of the system by modifying software. The emulation and the experiment results verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
综合考虑，为了克服APF的缺点，通常把APF和无源电力滤波器（PPF）混合使用，利用它们各自的优点，来达到扩大容量，降低成本和提高性能的要求。本文将混合型有源电力滤波器应用于变流器直流侧，实现电解电容的硅解。
在控制方法上，本文使用直流环纹波电压滞环控制方法和模糊逻辑方法联合控制APF开关元件的开关，达到理想补偿谐波的目的。提出电流型APF直流侧电感电流保持恒定的模糊控制方法。应用MATLAB对该系统进行仿真，仿真结果与期望一致，取得满意效果。并在此基础上，实现DSP控制系统设计，进行实验来证明其结果的正确性。
As the rapid development of power electronics technique, Lots of power electronics devices have been applied in many fields. However, it also arouses the serious harmonic pollution in the power system. Now, harmonics of the power electronics inverter have been the most important resource in that of the power system. Passive components in power electronics system, especially electrolytic capacitor, not only have not obvious improvement in its size, cost and reliability, but also will decrease working life when it works in high temperature environment. In a word, the electrolytic capacitor becomes the feeblest part in the power system. To eliminate the disturbance of the harmonics effectively, Power electronics engineers have applied active power filters (APF) to substitute the electrolytic capacitor. But as a new device of harmonics compensation, APF has much shortcoming it couldn’t overcome itself.
Now, that APF associate with passive power filters (PPF) to compensate harmonics is the most effective method. With this method, system’s capacity can be enlarged, cost can been decreased and performance can been improved. This paper apply shunt active-passive hybrid filter replacing the electrolytic capacitor to the dc-link of the inverter to realize the “silicon solution” of the electrolytic capacitor.
Meanwhile the proposed scheme describe the new method that the hysteresis control system and the digital fuzzy logic control system is united to control whether the switch work or not. We apply MATLAB software to emulate the system. On this basis, we build the system based on the TMS320F240 chip so that we can improve the performance of the system by modifying software. The emulation and the experiment results verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
引文
宋文南，刘宝仁合编，电力系统谐波分析，北京：中国电力出版社，1998.9
吕润余，电力系统高次谐波，北京：中国电力出版社，1998.5
颜晓庆，王兆安，电力有源滤波器及其新发展，电工技术杂志，1998.7：3~4：
钱照明，叶忠明等，谐波抑制技术，电力系统自动化，1997.10：48~54
王兆安等，谐波抑制和无功功率补偿，北京：机械工业出版社，1998.9
胡铭，陈珩，有源滤波技术及其应用，电力系统自动化，2000.2：66~70
颜晓庆，杨君，并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析，电工技术学报， 1998.2：41~45
曹澜，几种有源电力滤波器的研究，船电技术，2001.1：14~21
颜晓庆，王兆安，并联型电力有源滤波器的仿真研究，西安交通大学学报，1997.10：88~93
谢运祥，唐中琦，电力有源滤波器及其应用技术的发展，电工技术杂志，2000.4：1~3
颜晓庆，并联型及并联混合型电力有源滤波器的稳定性及其动态特性的研究： [博士学位论文]，西安；西安交通大学，1998
杨君，王兆安，三相电路谐波电流两种检测方法的对比研究，电工技术学报，1995.5：43~48
侯振义，黄和成等，串联型综合电力滤波系统探讨，电力电子技术，1998.4：1~3
刘进军，王兆安，基于瞬时无功功率理论的串联混合型单相电力有源滤波器，中国电机工程学报，1997.1：37~41
叶忠明，董伯藩等，几种混合有源电力滤波器分析，电工电能新技术，1998.2：23~28
颜晓庆等，并联混合型电力有源滤波器的研究，电力电子技术，1998.4：4~6
张代润，李开禄，电压型逆变器式有源滤波器分析，电工技术，1999.4：4~11
罗世国，侯振程，一种谐波及无功电流的自适应检测方法，电工技术学报，1993.8：42~46
Akagi H，New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning. IEEE Trans on
Industry Applications.1996.32(6)，Page(s)：1312~1322
姚为正，王群，刘进军等，电力有源滤波器的设计，电力电子技术，1999.3：1~4
Janko Nastran，Rafael Cajhen，Matija Seliger，Active Power Filter for Nonlinear AC Loads. IEEE Transactions on Electronics，1994.1，Page(s)：92~96
Shyh-Jier HuangJ, New phase shift control for a voltage-source voltage-control active power filter. INT.J.Electronics.，1999.No.4
Holmes D G，Martin D A，Implementation of Direct Digital Predictive Current Controller for Single and Three Phase Voltage Source Inverters. Conference Record IEEE-IAS Annual Meeting.，1996，Page(s)：906~913
Buso S，Malesani L，Mattavelli P，etal，Design and Full Digital Control of Parallel Active Filters for Thyristor Rectifiers. Conferece Record IEEE-IAS Annual Meeting.，1997，Page(s)：1360~1367
B.N.Singh，Ambrish Chandra，Parviz Rastgoufard and Kamal Al-Haddad，DSP Based Control Method of Active Filter：Elimination of Switching Ripples. IEEE，2000，Page(s)：427~433
J.H.Allmeling，A Control Structure for Fast Harmonics Compensation in Active Filters. IEE Proc.-Gener. Transm Distrib， 2002.7，Page(s)：376~381
Akagi H. New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning. IEEE Trans on Industry Applications，1996.32(6)，Page(s)：1312~1322
唐中琦，谢运祥，有源滤波器补偿电流的检测与控制，电工电能新技术，1998.4：28~31
吴正国，电力有源滤波技术，通信电源技术，2001.12：11~14
Keyue M，Luowei Zhou and Chongming Qiao，Unified Constant-Frequency Integration Control of Active Power Filters-Steady-state and Dynamics. IEEE Transactions On Power Electronic，2001.3，Page(s)：428~436
David Nedeljkovic, Synchronization of Active Power Filter Current Reference to the Network, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics，1999.2，Page(s)：333~339
Jou H L，Wu J C，Wu K D，Parallel Operation of Passive Power Filter and Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonic Suppression. IEE Proceedings—Generation，Transmission and Distribution，2001.148(1)，Page(s)：8~14
E.Destobbeleer, On the Detection of Load Active Current for Active Filter Control, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics， 1996.11，Page(s)：769~775
S.K.Jin，P.Agrawai and H.O.Gupta，Fuzzy Logic Controlled Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement. IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl，2002.9，Page(s)：317~328
Bimal K. Bose and Debaprasad Kastha， Electrolytic capacitor elimination in power electronic system by high frequency active filter，IEEE/IAS，1991，Page(s)：869~878
Gyugyi L, Strycula EC，Active AC Power Filters. Proceedings of IEEE-IAS, 1976，Page(s)：529~535
童梅，童杰，蒋静坪，有源滤波器的神经网络控制，电工技术学报，2000.2：57~60
李玉梅，马伟明，无差拍控制在串联电力有源滤波器中的应用，电力系统自动化，2001.4：28~30
王长永，张寅孩，张仲超，电流源有源滤波其中LC滤波器的特性及其设计，通信电源技术，2000.12：12~14
窦振中，模糊逻辑控制技术及其应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，1995.8
王磊，王为民，模糊控制理论及应用，国防工业出版社，1997.3
李序葆，赵永健，电力电子器件及其应用，机械工业出版社，1996
吴晓莉，林哲辉等，MATLAB辅助模糊系统设计，西安电子科技大学出版社，2002.8
徐昕，李涛等，MATLAB工具箱应用指南：控制工程篇，电子工业出版社， 2000.5
张雄伟，曹铁勇，DSP芯片的原理与开发应用，电子工业出版社，2000.9
吕润余，电力系统高次谐波，北京：中国电力出版社，1998.5
颜晓庆，王兆安，电力有源滤波器及其新发展，电工技术杂志，1998.7：3~4：
钱照明，叶忠明等，谐波抑制技术，电力系统自动化，1997.10：48~54
王兆安等，谐波抑制和无功功率补偿，北京：机械工业出版社，1998.9
胡铭，陈珩，有源滤波技术及其应用，电力系统自动化，2000.2：66~70
颜晓庆，杨君，并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析，电工技术学报， 1998.2：41~45
曹澜，几种有源电力滤波器的研究，船电技术，2001.1：14~21
颜晓庆，王兆安，并联型电力有源滤波器的仿真研究，西安交通大学学报，1997.10：88~93
谢运祥，唐中琦，电力有源滤波器及其应用技术的发展，电工技术杂志，2000.4：1~3
颜晓庆，并联型及并联混合型电力有源滤波器的稳定性及其动态特性的研究： [博士学位论文]，西安；西安交通大学，1998
杨君，王兆安，三相电路谐波电流两种检测方法的对比研究，电工技术学报，1995.5：43~48
侯振义，黄和成等，串联型综合电力滤波系统探讨，电力电子技术，1998.4：1~3
刘进军，王兆安，基于瞬时无功功率理论的串联混合型单相电力有源滤波器，中国电机工程学报，1997.1：37~41
叶忠明，董伯藩等，几种混合有源电力滤波器分析，电工电能新技术，1998.2：23~28
颜晓庆等，并联混合型电力有源滤波器的研究，电力电子技术，1998.4：4~6
张代润，李开禄，电压型逆变器式有源滤波器分析，电工技术，1999.4：4~11
罗世国，侯振程，一种谐波及无功电流的自适应检测方法，电工技术学报，1993.8：42~46
Akagi H，New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning. IEEE Trans on
Industry Applications.1996.32(6)，Page(s)：1312~1322
姚为正，王群，刘进军等，电力有源滤波器的设计，电力电子技术，1999.3：1~4
Janko Nastran，Rafael Cajhen，Matija Seliger，Active Power Filter for Nonlinear AC Loads. IEEE Transactions on Electronics，1994.1，Page(s)：92~96
Shyh-Jier HuangJ, New phase shift control for a voltage-source voltage-control active power filter. INT.J.Electronics.，1999.No.4
Holmes D G，Martin D A，Implementation of Direct Digital Predictive Current Controller for Single and Three Phase Voltage Source Inverters. Conference Record IEEE-IAS Annual Meeting.，1996，Page(s)：906~913
Buso S，Malesani L，Mattavelli P，etal，Design and Full Digital Control of Parallel Active Filters for Thyristor Rectifiers. Conferece Record IEEE-IAS Annual Meeting.，1997，Page(s)：1360~1367
B.N.Singh，Ambrish Chandra，Parviz Rastgoufard and Kamal Al-Haddad，DSP Based Control Method of Active Filter：Elimination of Switching Ripples. IEEE，2000，Page(s)：427~433
J.H.Allmeling，A Control Structure for Fast Harmonics Compensation in Active Filters. IEE Proc.-Gener. Transm Distrib， 2002.7，Page(s)：376~381
Akagi H. New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning. IEEE Trans on Industry Applications，1996.32(6)，Page(s)：1312~1322
唐中琦，谢运祥，有源滤波器补偿电流的检测与控制，电工电能新技术，1998.4：28~31
吴正国，电力有源滤波技术，通信电源技术，2001.12：11~14
Keyue M，Luowei Zhou and Chongming Qiao，Unified Constant-Frequency Integration Control of Active Power Filters-Steady-state and Dynamics. IEEE Transactions On Power Electronic，2001.3，Page(s)：428~436
David Nedeljkovic, Synchronization of Active Power Filter Current Reference to the Network, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics，1999.2，Page(s)：333~339
Jou H L，Wu J C，Wu K D，Parallel Operation of Passive Power Filter and Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonic Suppression. IEE Proceedings—Generation，Transmission and Distribution，2001.148(1)，Page(s)：8~14
E.Destobbeleer, On the Detection of Load Active Current for Active Filter Control, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics， 1996.11，Page(s)：769~775
S.K.Jin，P.Agrawai and H.O.Gupta，Fuzzy Logic Controlled Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement. IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl，2002.9，Page(s)：317~328
Bimal K. Bose and Debaprasad Kastha， Electrolytic capacitor elimination in power electronic system by high frequency active filter，IEEE/IAS，1991，Page(s)：869~878
Gyugyi L, Strycula EC，Active AC Power Filters. Proceedings of IEEE-IAS, 1976，Page(s)：529~535
童梅，童杰，蒋静坪，有源滤波器的神经网络控制，电工技术学报，2000.2：57~60
李玉梅，马伟明，无差拍控制在串联电力有源滤波器中的应用，电力系统自动化，2001.4：28~30
王长永，张寅孩，张仲超，电流源有源滤波其中LC滤波器的特性及其设计，通信电源技术，2000.12：12~14
窦振中，模糊逻辑控制技术及其应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，1995.8
王磊，王为民，模糊控制理论及应用，国防工业出版社，1997.3
李序葆，赵永健，电力电子器件及其应用，机械工业出版社，1996
吴晓莉，林哲辉等，MATLAB辅助模糊系统设计，西安电子科技大学出版社，2002.8
徐昕，李涛等，MATLAB工具箱应用指南：控制工程篇，电子工业出版社， 2000.5
张雄伟，曹铁勇，DSP芯片的原理与开发应用，电子工业出版社，2000.9