陕西煤矿瓦斯监测联网网络Qos保障策略实现研究
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摘要
陕西煤矿瓦斯监测联网是针对目前矿井瓦斯灾害严重的状况,采用具有标准性和通用性的信息通信方式,将煤炭企业安全生产的工业网络接入到IP网络平台上,形成信息化网络数据资源传输体系,该体系建成后能够充分提高数据的利用率和共享度。同时,也对联网网络的QoS(服务质量)提出了更加严格的要求。QoS是一个用于衡量服务满意程度的综合指标,是用来解决网络延迟和拥塞问题的技术。作为研究使网络能够灵活地根据业务的具体特点保障瓦斯监测数据等工业信息在IP网络平台上传输的服务质量,是具有重大意义的。
本文以国家863计划资助的项目《煤矿数字化瓦斯远程监测监控系统》(项目编号:2005AA133070)中陕西煤矿瓦斯监测远程联网为背景,研究其联网网络的QoS保障策略的实现。由于现有的各种QoS实现机制,无法单独为陕西煤矿瓦斯监测联网网络的QoS提供保障,因此在实际应用中必须结合多种机制才能得到较好的QoS保障效果。本文比较了传统IP网络的QoS结构体系,通过分析IntServ和DiffServ两种模型的基本原理、工作方式,并指出其各自的优缺点和网络应用环境,设计了将RSVP协议与DiffServ模型相结合来满足瓦斯监测数据传输实时性的要求;针对陕西煤矿瓦斯联网的特性,提出了将TCP拥塞控制算法与IP层拥塞控制算法相结合的算法模型;在设计了陕西煤矿瓦斯监测系统联网网络拓扑结构的基础上,通过联网网络端到端的QoS改造最终实现了联网网络QoS保障策略的部署。
最后,通过对QoS拥塞控制算法模型进行模拟与仿真,验证了该模型的设计能够较好地满足课题的预期QoS保障目标。并且此模型的应用可以在原有单一拥塞控制的基础上有效地提升跨地区网络的QoS特性。
The monitor platform of Shannxi coalmine gas network take aim at the gas disaster which has a serious status in the coalmine at present, and adopt standard and general communication manner to construct transfer system,and transplant the industry network of coal corporation to the IP network platform which form information-based network data source and improve the degree of data utilization and data share at the base of that. How to resolve the demand of IP network QoS and ensure the industry information such as gas monitor to transfer neatly in the network according to business characteristics, which is the problem that will be discussed and resolved.
This paper is imbursed by the nation 863 project item《A gas remote monitoring system of digitalization in coal mine》(project No. 2005AA133070), which makes the gas remote monitor network be a background to do some research on the QoS guarantee of the network. QoS is a synthesis guide line that be used to estimate the degree to satisfy with some server, which is a technology to solve the problem of delay and congestion in network. We must integrate multi-QoS mechanism to get good QoS guarantee in the practical application. This paper demonstrated three QoS models in the IP net application and homologized affective factors. Meanwhile, the field of QoS protection strategy arrangement in Shannxi coalmine gas network is been picked up as the example. For this situation, the comparison to the different QoS models is doing strictly. By combining the TCP congestion control arithmetic with IP congestion control arithmetic, the paper also emphatically describes the corresponded arithmetic model for that. Stimulatingly, it is promoted the QoS characteristic over-area effectively, which it is based on the original single congestion control. To accomplish the deployment of network QoS guarantee strategy after analyse and rebuild the whole network QoS, which is based on the topology frame of gas monitor system network.
Finally, the imitation and simulation of gas monitoring network QoS guarantee strategy model has been taken. There are indication that the result could be satisfied with the goal of the project design, which also promotes the QoS characteristic of Shannxi Coalmine gas monitor system network.
本文以国家863计划资助的项目《煤矿数字化瓦斯远程监测监控系统》(项目编号:2005AA133070)中陕西煤矿瓦斯监测远程联网为背景,研究其联网网络的QoS保障策略的实现。由于现有的各种QoS实现机制,无法单独为陕西煤矿瓦斯监测联网网络的QoS提供保障,因此在实际应用中必须结合多种机制才能得到较好的QoS保障效果。本文比较了传统IP网络的QoS结构体系,通过分析IntServ和DiffServ两种模型的基本原理、工作方式,并指出其各自的优缺点和网络应用环境,设计了将RSVP协议与DiffServ模型相结合来满足瓦斯监测数据传输实时性的要求;针对陕西煤矿瓦斯联网的特性,提出了将TCP拥塞控制算法与IP层拥塞控制算法相结合的算法模型;在设计了陕西煤矿瓦斯监测系统联网网络拓扑结构的基础上,通过联网网络端到端的QoS改造最终实现了联网网络QoS保障策略的部署。
最后,通过对QoS拥塞控制算法模型进行模拟与仿真,验证了该模型的设计能够较好地满足课题的预期QoS保障目标。并且此模型的应用可以在原有单一拥塞控制的基础上有效地提升跨地区网络的QoS特性。
The monitor platform of Shannxi coalmine gas network take aim at the gas disaster which has a serious status in the coalmine at present, and adopt standard and general communication manner to construct transfer system,and transplant the industry network of coal corporation to the IP network platform which form information-based network data source and improve the degree of data utilization and data share at the base of that. How to resolve the demand of IP network QoS and ensure the industry information such as gas monitor to transfer neatly in the network according to business characteristics, which is the problem that will be discussed and resolved.
This paper is imbursed by the nation 863 project item《A gas remote monitoring system of digitalization in coal mine》(project No. 2005AA133070), which makes the gas remote monitor network be a background to do some research on the QoS guarantee of the network. QoS is a synthesis guide line that be used to estimate the degree to satisfy with some server, which is a technology to solve the problem of delay and congestion in network. We must integrate multi-QoS mechanism to get good QoS guarantee in the practical application. This paper demonstrated three QoS models in the IP net application and homologized affective factors. Meanwhile, the field of QoS protection strategy arrangement in Shannxi coalmine gas network is been picked up as the example. For this situation, the comparison to the different QoS models is doing strictly. By combining the TCP congestion control arithmetic with IP congestion control arithmetic, the paper also emphatically describes the corresponded arithmetic model for that. Stimulatingly, it is promoted the QoS characteristic over-area effectively, which it is based on the original single congestion control. To accomplish the deployment of network QoS guarantee strategy after analyse and rebuild the whole network QoS, which is based on the topology frame of gas monitor system network.
Finally, the imitation and simulation of gas monitoring network QoS guarantee strategy model has been taken. There are indication that the result could be satisfied with the goal of the project design, which also promotes the QoS characteristic of Shannxi Coalmine gas monitor system network.
引文
[1] 国家煤炭局. 2004 煤炭生产统计数据. 统计报告. 2004
[2] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿瓦斯防治工作 2005 年总结和 2006 年安排.http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/zhuantibaodao/2006-06/19/content_172496.htm
[3] RFC 2983, Differentiated Services and Tunnels, October 2000:17-19
[4] RFC 3086, Definition of Differentiated Services per Domain Behavior sand Rules for their Specification ,April20 01:21-23
[5] Van Moorsel, Aad. On best-effort and dependability, service-orientation and panacea. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v3694 LNCS, 2005, p99-101
[6] Sakurai,Akihiko.Achieving integrated IT service management. Fujitsu Scientific and Technical Journal, v43, n3, July, 2007, p345-353
[7] Maritz, Alex. Enhancing service quality through integrated services marketing. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI 2006, 2006, p 557-563
[8] Wright, John R.; Hartman, Frank; Cooper, Brian; Maxwell, Scott; Yen, Jeng; Morrison, Jack Driving on Mars with RSVP - Building safe and effective command sequences.IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, v 13, n 2, June, 2006, p 37-45
[9] Komolafe, O. ;Sventek, J. An evaluation of RSVP control message delivery mechanisms.IEEE Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, HPSR, 2004 Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, HPSR 2004, 2004, p 43-47
[10] Griem, Torsten; Ayyagari, Arun; Kim, Jae H. RSVP over IPsec tunnel mode using RFC 3175. Proceedings - IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM, v 2005, MILCOM 2005: Military Communications Conference 2005, 2005, p 1606156
[11] Oshlag, Benjamin L.; Pecelli, Dylan; Pizzi, Steven V.An RSVP surrogate for guaranteed bandwidth for tactical communications. Proceedings - IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM, Military Communications Conference 2006, MILCOM 2006, 2007, p 4086811
[12] Passas, Nikos; Salkintzis, Apostolis K.; Nikolaidis, Georgios; Katsamani, Mary. A new technique to expedite RSVP path Re-establishments in 802.11 wireless LANs. Wireless Personal Communications, v33, n1, April, 2005, p 69-86
[13] Granell, Carlos; Gould, Michael; Ramos, Francisco. Service composition for SDIS: Integrated components creation Proceedings - International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA, v 2006
[14] Long, Yu; Lam, Herman; Su, Stanley Y. W. Adaptive grid service flow management: Framework and model. Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2004, Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2004, 2004, p558-565
[15] Dekeris,Brunonas;Narbutaite,Lina. IP QoS evaluation using interoperability of differentiated and integrated services. WSEAS Transactions and Communications, v4, n2, February, 2005, p45-50
[16] RFC2212, Definition of the Diferentiated Services Field (DS Field )fill RFC in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers,December 1998:10-12
[17] Hafid, A.; Natarajan, N.; Kim, K.; Gadgil, S.; Lapiotis, G. Policy based on-demand bandwidth provisioning and assurance in diffserv enabled MPLS networks. Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks, as part of the 24th IASTED International Multi-Conference on APPLIED INFORMATICS, v2006, Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks, as part of the 24th IASTED International Multi-Conference on APPLIED INFORMATICS, 2006, p 150-156
[18] Galatchi, Dan; Zoican, Roxana. IntServ operation over DiffServ networks. ISSCS 2005: International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems - Proceedings, v2, ISSCS 2005: International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems - Proceedings, 2005, p525-528
[19] Tong, Sheau-Ru; Chang, Chun-Cheng. Harmonic DiffServ: Scalable support of IP multicast with Qos heterogeneity in DiffServ backbone networks. Computer Communications, v29, n10, Jun19, 2006, p1780-1797
[20] Athuraliya, Sanjeewa; Sirisena, Harsha. Excess bandwidth distribution in DiffServ networks. Conference Proceedings of the IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, v2006, 25th IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, 2006, IPCCC 2006, 2006, p119-126
[21] Suematsu, Toshimichi; Takenaka, Toyofumi.A proposal and evaluations of marking scheme in DiffServ. Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications (English translation of Denshi Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi), v89, n9, September, 2006, p32-40
[22] Harju, Jarmo; Kivimaki, Perttu. Co-operation and comparison of DiffServ and IntServ: Performance measurements. Conference on Local Computer Networks, 2000, p177-186
[23] Grenville, Armitage. IP 网络的服务质量-多业务互联网的基础[M]. 北京:机械工业出版,p22-23
[24] Seo, Young Min; Jang, Yeong Min; Kang, Sang Bum. End-to-end soft QoS scheme in heterogeneous networks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v4773 LNCS, Managing Next Generation Networks and Services - 10th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium, APNOMS 2007, Proceedings, 2007, p519-522
[25] Azuma, Takehito; Fujita, Tsunetoshi; Fujita, Masayuki. Congestion control for TCP/AQM networks using state predictive control. Electrical Engineering in Japan (English translation of Denki Gakkai Ronbunshi), v156, n3, August, 2006, p41-47
[26] Park, Jong-Won; Shin, Jin-Gyu; Kim, Young-Ho; Lee, Myeong-Jin. A VoIP QoS guarantee method applying the adaptive committed information rate to downstream service-flows in HFC network. 2005 1st International Conference on Multimedia Services Access Networks, MSAN05, v2005, 2005 1st International Conference on Multimedia Services Access Networks, MSAN05, 2005, p 40-43
[27] Remiche, Marie-Ange. Compliance of the token-bucket model with Markovian traffic. Stochastic Models, v 21, n 2-3, 2005, p 615-630
[28] Lekcharoen, Somchai. A design of adaptive double leaky bucket in traffic shaping over VDSL network. WSEAS Transactions on Communications, v5, n12, December, 2006, p2208-2212
[29] Du,Ping;Abe,Shunji. Burst assembly method with traffic shaping for the optical burst switching network. GLOBECOM - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 - 2006 Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007, p4151014
[30] Segarra, Josep; Sales, Vicent; Prat, Josep. Queue management and priority scheduling disciplines for QoS control in Wavelength Routed OBS (WROBS) access networks. 2006 International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, v3, 2006 International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, ICTON 2006, 2006, p 207-214
[31] Shacham, Assaf; Bergman, Keren. Optical packet buffers with active queue management. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v4534 LNCS, Optical Network Design and Modeling - 11th International IFIP TC6 Conference, ONDM 2007, Proceedings, 2007, p 329-337
[32] Weigle, Michele C.; Vembar, Deepak; Zhidian, Du. Assessing the impact of multiple active queue management routers. GLOBECOM - IEEE Global TelecommunicationsConference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 - 2006 Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007, p 4150802
[33] Aweya, J.; Ouellette, M.; Montuno, D.Y. An optimization-oriented view of random early detection. Computer Communications, v24, n12, Jul 15, 2001, p 1170-1187
[34] Rojviboonchai,Kultida;Tsukamoto,Toshihiro;Aida,Hitoshi. Addition of explicit congestion notification (ECN) to multi-path transmission control protocol(M/TCP). IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies: ISCIT 2004, v2, Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2004, 2004, p 1132-1137
[35] Kim, Byoung Chul; Chun, In Suk. Zero latency queuing system based on deficit round robin. Proceedings - International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, ICCCN, Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks 2007, ICCCN 2007, 2007, p 334-339
[36] 薛国锋. IP QOS 解决方案[J].世界电信.2004
[37] 武航星,慕德俊, 等. 网络拥塞控制算法综述. 计算机科学2007 , Vol134 №12
[38] Al-Naamany, Ahmed M.; Bourdoucen, Hadj. TCP congestion control approach for improving network services. Journal of Network and Systems Management, v13, n1, March, 2005, p1-6
[39] Sikdar B, Kalyanaraman S, Vastola KS. An Integrated Model for the Latency and Steady-state Throughput of TCP Connections. Performance Evalutaion, ELSEVIER, 2001, 46:139-154
[40] Floyd S, Jacobson V. Random early detection gateway for congestion avoidance[J]. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 1993,1(4):397～413.
[41] 徐雷鸣. NS2与网络模拟[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版, 2003.6.
[42] 朱军正. Red Hat Linux Fedora Core4 基础教程[M].北京: 清华大学出版社, 2005.8.
[2] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿瓦斯防治工作 2005 年总结和 2006 年安排.http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/zhuantibaodao/2006-06/19/content_172496.htm
[3] RFC 2983, Differentiated Services and Tunnels, October 2000:17-19
[4] RFC 3086, Definition of Differentiated Services per Domain Behavior sand Rules for their Specification ,April20 01:21-23
[5] Van Moorsel, Aad. On best-effort and dependability, service-orientation and panacea. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v3694 LNCS, 2005, p99-101
[6] Sakurai,Akihiko.Achieving integrated IT service management. Fujitsu Scientific and Technical Journal, v43, n3, July, 2007, p345-353
[7] Maritz, Alex. Enhancing service quality through integrated services marketing. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI 2006, 2006, p 557-563
[8] Wright, John R.; Hartman, Frank; Cooper, Brian; Maxwell, Scott; Yen, Jeng; Morrison, Jack Driving on Mars with RSVP - Building safe and effective command sequences.IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, v 13, n 2, June, 2006, p 37-45
[9] Komolafe, O. ;Sventek, J. An evaluation of RSVP control message delivery mechanisms.IEEE Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, HPSR, 2004 Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, HPSR 2004, 2004, p 43-47
[10] Griem, Torsten; Ayyagari, Arun; Kim, Jae H. RSVP over IPsec tunnel mode using RFC 3175. Proceedings - IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM, v 2005, MILCOM 2005: Military Communications Conference 2005, 2005, p 1606156
[11] Oshlag, Benjamin L.; Pecelli, Dylan; Pizzi, Steven V.An RSVP surrogate for guaranteed bandwidth for tactical communications. Proceedings - IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM, Military Communications Conference 2006, MILCOM 2006, 2007, p 4086811
[12] Passas, Nikos; Salkintzis, Apostolis K.; Nikolaidis, Georgios; Katsamani, Mary. A new technique to expedite RSVP path Re-establishments in 802.11 wireless LANs. Wireless Personal Communications, v33, n1, April, 2005, p 69-86
[13] Granell, Carlos; Gould, Michael; Ramos, Francisco. Service composition for SDIS: Integrated components creation Proceedings - International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA, v 2006
[14] Long, Yu; Lam, Herman; Su, Stanley Y. W. Adaptive grid service flow management: Framework and model. Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2004, Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2004, 2004, p558-565
[15] Dekeris,Brunonas;Narbutaite,Lina. IP QoS evaluation using interoperability of differentiated and integrated services. WSEAS Transactions and Communications, v4, n2, February, 2005, p45-50
[16] RFC2212, Definition of the Diferentiated Services Field (DS Field )fill RFC in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers,December 1998:10-12
[17] Hafid, A.; Natarajan, N.; Kim, K.; Gadgil, S.; Lapiotis, G. Policy based on-demand bandwidth provisioning and assurance in diffserv enabled MPLS networks. Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks, as part of the 24th IASTED International Multi-Conference on APPLIED INFORMATICS, v2006, Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks, as part of the 24th IASTED International Multi-Conference on APPLIED INFORMATICS, 2006, p 150-156
[18] Galatchi, Dan; Zoican, Roxana. IntServ operation over DiffServ networks. ISSCS 2005: International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems - Proceedings, v2, ISSCS 2005: International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems - Proceedings, 2005, p525-528
[19] Tong, Sheau-Ru; Chang, Chun-Cheng. Harmonic DiffServ: Scalable support of IP multicast with Qos heterogeneity in DiffServ backbone networks. Computer Communications, v29, n10, Jun19, 2006, p1780-1797
[20] Athuraliya, Sanjeewa; Sirisena, Harsha. Excess bandwidth distribution in DiffServ networks. Conference Proceedings of the IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, v2006, 25th IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, 2006, IPCCC 2006, 2006, p119-126
[21] Suematsu, Toshimichi; Takenaka, Toyofumi.A proposal and evaluations of marking scheme in DiffServ. Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications (English translation of Denshi Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi), v89, n9, September, 2006, p32-40
[22] Harju, Jarmo; Kivimaki, Perttu. Co-operation and comparison of DiffServ and IntServ: Performance measurements. Conference on Local Computer Networks, 2000, p177-186
[23] Grenville, Armitage. IP 网络的服务质量-多业务互联网的基础[M]. 北京:机械工业出版,p22-23
[24] Seo, Young Min; Jang, Yeong Min; Kang, Sang Bum. End-to-end soft QoS scheme in heterogeneous networks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v4773 LNCS, Managing Next Generation Networks and Services - 10th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium, APNOMS 2007, Proceedings, 2007, p519-522
[25] Azuma, Takehito; Fujita, Tsunetoshi; Fujita, Masayuki. Congestion control for TCP/AQM networks using state predictive control. Electrical Engineering in Japan (English translation of Denki Gakkai Ronbunshi), v156, n3, August, 2006, p41-47
[26] Park, Jong-Won; Shin, Jin-Gyu; Kim, Young-Ho; Lee, Myeong-Jin. A VoIP QoS guarantee method applying the adaptive committed information rate to downstream service-flows in HFC network. 2005 1st International Conference on Multimedia Services Access Networks, MSAN05, v2005, 2005 1st International Conference on Multimedia Services Access Networks, MSAN05, 2005, p 40-43
[27] Remiche, Marie-Ange. Compliance of the token-bucket model with Markovian traffic. Stochastic Models, v 21, n 2-3, 2005, p 615-630
[28] Lekcharoen, Somchai. A design of adaptive double leaky bucket in traffic shaping over VDSL network. WSEAS Transactions on Communications, v5, n12, December, 2006, p2208-2212
[29] Du,Ping;Abe,Shunji. Burst assembly method with traffic shaping for the optical burst switching network. GLOBECOM - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 - 2006 Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007, p4151014
[30] Segarra, Josep; Sales, Vicent; Prat, Josep. Queue management and priority scheduling disciplines for QoS control in Wavelength Routed OBS (WROBS) access networks. 2006 International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, v3, 2006 International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, ICTON 2006, 2006, p 207-214
[31] Shacham, Assaf; Bergman, Keren. Optical packet buffers with active queue management. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v4534 LNCS, Optical Network Design and Modeling - 11th International IFIP TC6 Conference, ONDM 2007, Proceedings, 2007, p 329-337
[32] Weigle, Michele C.; Vembar, Deepak; Zhidian, Du. Assessing the impact of multiple active queue management routers. GLOBECOM - IEEE Global TelecommunicationsConference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 - 2006 Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007, p 4150802
[33] Aweya, J.; Ouellette, M.; Montuno, D.Y. An optimization-oriented view of random early detection. Computer Communications, v24, n12, Jul 15, 2001, p 1170-1187
[34] Rojviboonchai,Kultida;Tsukamoto,Toshihiro;Aida,Hitoshi. Addition of explicit congestion notification (ECN) to multi-path transmission control protocol(M/TCP). IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies: ISCIT 2004, v2, Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2004, 2004, p 1132-1137
[35] Kim, Byoung Chul; Chun, In Suk. Zero latency queuing system based on deficit round robin. Proceedings - International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, ICCCN, Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks 2007, ICCCN 2007, 2007, p 334-339
[36] 薛国锋. IP QOS 解决方案[J].世界电信.2004
[37] 武航星,慕德俊, 等. 网络拥塞控制算法综述. 计算机科学2007 , Vol134 №12
[38] Al-Naamany, Ahmed M.; Bourdoucen, Hadj. TCP congestion control approach for improving network services. Journal of Network and Systems Management, v13, n1, March, 2005, p1-6
[39] Sikdar B, Kalyanaraman S, Vastola KS. An Integrated Model for the Latency and Steady-state Throughput of TCP Connections. Performance Evalutaion, ELSEVIER, 2001, 46:139-154
[40] Floyd S, Jacobson V. Random early detection gateway for congestion avoidance[J]. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 1993,1(4):397～413.
[41] 徐雷鸣. NS2与网络模拟[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版, 2003.6.
[42] 朱军正. Red Hat Linux Fedora Core4 基础教程[M].北京: 清华大学出版社, 2005.8.