纳米ZnO/PS复合材料的制备及光降解性能研究
摘要
目前,有关无机纳米粒子复合有机高分子聚合物的研究已经成为国内外的研究热点,即通过无机纳米粒子与有机高分子聚合物复合来改善和提高双方的各种性能。
本文利用无机纳米粒子ZnO与有机高分子聚合物聚苯乙烯(PS)高速共混,制备了纳米ZnO/PS复合材料,充分利用纳米ZnO的光催化氧化性能来提高PS的光催化降解性能;由于纳米ZnO的禁带宽度为3.37eV,只可利用≤368.8nm范围的紫外光,因此有必要对其进行掺杂,降低其禁带宽度,增加其利用光的范围。因此本实验主要从以下三个方面进行研究。
(1)纳米ZnO/PS粉末光催化性能研究,利用正交实验确定反应的最佳条件为纳米ZnO:PS为1:1,焙烧温度为300℃,焙烧时间为0.5h,所得的样品在可见光条件下对甲基橙的5h降解率为17.2%,较纯纳米ZnO的8%有所提高。SEM表明复合PS之后的纳米ZnO的分散性良好,表面包覆了少许有机物。但样品在紫外光条件下对甲基橙的5h降解率要低于纯纳米ZnO对甲基橙的降解率。通过对复合粉末的光催化反应动力学研究发现,纳米ZnO和复合材料在可见光或紫外光条件下对甲基橙的降解均符合一级反应动力学方程。
(2)利用纳米ZnO与聚苯乙烯(PS)高速共混法制备了一种在紫外光下具有自降解性能的复合薄膜。分析表明经过KH570处理的纳米ZnO与PS通过化学键的方式桥联在一起。TG分析表明,复合薄膜的耐热性较PS有所提高;SEM图像显示0.5wt%ZnO在PS薄膜表面分布均匀,经过UV照射后薄膜表面出现光腐蚀现象。复合薄膜紫外光自降解实验表明:0.5wt%ZnO/PS薄膜在15w的紫外灯照射下,15天的自降解率达到3.7150%。
(3)以二水醋酸锌和九水硝酸铁为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe掺杂纳米ZnO,然后通过溶液共混的方法制备了Fe/ZnO/PS复合薄膜,利用XRD、IR、TG、SEM、UV-Vis和荧光光谱对薄膜进行结构分析。并对薄膜在紫外光下的自降解性能进行了研究,发现Fe掺杂纳米ZnO/PS薄膜在15w紫外灯下连续照射15天后的光降解率为4.7363%,较纯纳米ZnO/PS薄膜的光降解率提高了1.0213%。
At present, the inorganic nanoparticle composites of organic polymers has become a hotspot at home and abroad, that take full advantage of the special nature of the inorganic nano-particles to organic polymers to improve and enhance the physical and chemical properties.
The paper perpared nano ZnO/PS composite materials used nano-ZnO and organic polymers polystyrene (PS). The photocatalytic degradation of PS was improved by using the photocatalytic oxidation of nano-ZnO. The nano-ZnO can only be used Less than 368.8nm UV range since the band gap was 3.37eV.So that it is necessary to carry out its doping, reduce its band gap and increase its range of light use.This experiment studied the following three aspects
(1) Study on the photo-catalytic performance of nano-ZnO/PS powder. We found that the best reaction condition for nano-ZnO:PS was 1:1, calcinations temperature was 300℃, baking time was 0.5h, which degradation rate of methyl orange was 17.2% higher than pure ZnO was 8% under the same conditions, 5 hours, visible lights. The SEM image showed that nano-ZnO was coated by a bit of organic polymer, which enhances the dispersion of nano-ZnO. However, under the condition of the sample in the UV-5h of methyl orange degradation rate is lower than pure nano-ZnO. Composite powder by the photo catalytic reaction kinetics study found that nano-ZnO and composite materials in the visible or ultraviolet light under the conditions of the degradation of methyl orange are in line with a kinetic equation.
(2) Composite film prepared by blending nano-ZnO and polystyrene (PS) at high speed mixing that results in self-degradation under UV light was investigated in this study. Analysis indicates that after adding the coupling agent KH570, nano-ZnO and PS were linked together through chemical bonding. The TG spectra showed that ZnO/PS composite films has higher heat resistant than pure PS. Also, SEM images indicated that 0.5wt% nano-ZnO were evenly distributed in the PS membrane, however, light corrosion appeared on the membrane surface after UV irradiation. The UV irradiation experiments showed that for a 0.5wt% ZnO/PS composite film, after 15 days at a UV irradiation power of 15W, the degradation degree increased to 3.7150%.
(3) Nano-ZnO particles doped with Fe were prepared by means of Sol-Gel from zinc acetate dehydrate and nine water-ferric nitrate. The Fe/ZnO/PS films were prepared by the way of solution high blending. Though the analysis of IR, TG, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra to explain its structure. Finally, the thin film under UV light degradation have been studied and found that the best self-degradation of nano Fe/ZnO/PS film was4.7363%,was 1.0213%higher than nano-ZnO/PS film under the same condition of 15w UV lamp,15 days.
本文利用无机纳米粒子ZnO与有机高分子聚合物聚苯乙烯(PS)高速共混,制备了纳米ZnO/PS复合材料,充分利用纳米ZnO的光催化氧化性能来提高PS的光催化降解性能;由于纳米ZnO的禁带宽度为3.37eV,只可利用≤368.8nm范围的紫外光,因此有必要对其进行掺杂,降低其禁带宽度,增加其利用光的范围。因此本实验主要从以下三个方面进行研究。
(1)纳米ZnO/PS粉末光催化性能研究,利用正交实验确定反应的最佳条件为纳米ZnO:PS为1:1,焙烧温度为300℃,焙烧时间为0.5h,所得的样品在可见光条件下对甲基橙的5h降解率为17.2%,较纯纳米ZnO的8%有所提高。SEM表明复合PS之后的纳米ZnO的分散性良好,表面包覆了少许有机物。但样品在紫外光条件下对甲基橙的5h降解率要低于纯纳米ZnO对甲基橙的降解率。通过对复合粉末的光催化反应动力学研究发现,纳米ZnO和复合材料在可见光或紫外光条件下对甲基橙的降解均符合一级反应动力学方程。
(2)利用纳米ZnO与聚苯乙烯(PS)高速共混法制备了一种在紫外光下具有自降解性能的复合薄膜。分析表明经过KH570处理的纳米ZnO与PS通过化学键的方式桥联在一起。TG分析表明,复合薄膜的耐热性较PS有所提高;SEM图像显示0.5wt%ZnO在PS薄膜表面分布均匀,经过UV照射后薄膜表面出现光腐蚀现象。复合薄膜紫外光自降解实验表明:0.5wt%ZnO/PS薄膜在15w的紫外灯照射下,15天的自降解率达到3.7150%。
(3)以二水醋酸锌和九水硝酸铁为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe掺杂纳米ZnO,然后通过溶液共混的方法制备了Fe/ZnO/PS复合薄膜,利用XRD、IR、TG、SEM、UV-Vis和荧光光谱对薄膜进行结构分析。并对薄膜在紫外光下的自降解性能进行了研究,发现Fe掺杂纳米ZnO/PS薄膜在15w紫外灯下连续照射15天后的光降解率为4.7363%,较纯纳米ZnO/PS薄膜的光降解率提高了1.0213%。
At present, the inorganic nanoparticle composites of organic polymers has become a hotspot at home and abroad, that take full advantage of the special nature of the inorganic nano-particles to organic polymers to improve and enhance the physical and chemical properties.
The paper perpared nano ZnO/PS composite materials used nano-ZnO and organic polymers polystyrene (PS). The photocatalytic degradation of PS was improved by using the photocatalytic oxidation of nano-ZnO. The nano-ZnO can only be used Less than 368.8nm UV range since the band gap was 3.37eV.So that it is necessary to carry out its doping, reduce its band gap and increase its range of light use.This experiment studied the following three aspects
(1) Study on the photo-catalytic performance of nano-ZnO/PS powder. We found that the best reaction condition for nano-ZnO:PS was 1:1, calcinations temperature was 300℃, baking time was 0.5h, which degradation rate of methyl orange was 17.2% higher than pure ZnO was 8% under the same conditions, 5 hours, visible lights. The SEM image showed that nano-ZnO was coated by a bit of organic polymer, which enhances the dispersion of nano-ZnO. However, under the condition of the sample in the UV-5h of methyl orange degradation rate is lower than pure nano-ZnO. Composite powder by the photo catalytic reaction kinetics study found that nano-ZnO and composite materials in the visible or ultraviolet light under the conditions of the degradation of methyl orange are in line with a kinetic equation.
(2) Composite film prepared by blending nano-ZnO and polystyrene (PS) at high speed mixing that results in self-degradation under UV light was investigated in this study. Analysis indicates that after adding the coupling agent KH570, nano-ZnO and PS were linked together through chemical bonding. The TG spectra showed that ZnO/PS composite films has higher heat resistant than pure PS. Also, SEM images indicated that 0.5wt% nano-ZnO were evenly distributed in the PS membrane, however, light corrosion appeared on the membrane surface after UV irradiation. The UV irradiation experiments showed that for a 0.5wt% ZnO/PS composite film, after 15 days at a UV irradiation power of 15W, the degradation degree increased to 3.7150%.
(3) Nano-ZnO particles doped with Fe were prepared by means of Sol-Gel from zinc acetate dehydrate and nine water-ferric nitrate. The Fe/ZnO/PS films were prepared by the way of solution high blending. Though the analysis of IR, TG, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra to explain its structure. Finally, the thin film under UV light degradation have been studied and found that the best self-degradation of nano Fe/ZnO/PS film was4.7363%,was 1.0213%higher than nano-ZnO/PS film under the same condition of 15w UV lamp,15 days.
引文
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