鸡CACNA1S基因的多态性及其与肉质和屠体性状的关联性研究
|
摘要
本研究以萧山鸡、仙居鸡、灵昆鸡、萧山鸡×仙居鸡杂交F1代、爱拔益加鸡(分别简称XS、XJ、LK、XS×XJ、AA,下同)五种鸡共142只个体为供试群体,采用克隆测序首次得到了鸡L型钙离子通道α1亚单位编码基因(CACNA1S)的5'-UTR～exon1序列。利用PCR-SSCP技术,研究了鸡该区域的SNPs及其与肉质和屠体性状的关联性。结果如下:
(1)通过克隆测序首次获得了鸡CACNA1S基因5'-UTR～exon1共1863bp的序列(GenBank登录号:GQ184725),从而完善了Genbank中关于CACNA1S基因的收录。
(2)PCR-SSCP结果表明:5'-UTR发现有4个SNPs位点:213(C→T)、551(G→A)、716(C插入/缺失)、1711(C→G)。当551位点(G→A),调控元件HSF的顺序发生了变化;当1711位点(C→G),调控元件由ADR1变为ADR1、M2F1、STRE和GATA-1。
(3)SNPs213和SNPs716位点分别发现有AA、BB和JJ,KK两种基因型,群体基因频率分别为0.2254、0.7746和0.5141、0.4859;SNPs551和SNPs1711分别发现MM、MN、MN和XX、XY、YY三种基因型,群体基因频率分别为0.4683、0.5317和0.4648、0.5352。SNPs213、SNPs551位点XS、XS×XJ、AA三个群体为低度多态(PIC＜0.25),其余两个群体为中度多态(0.25＜PIC＜0.50)。SNPs551、SNPs1711位点整个供试群体都为中度多态(0.25＜PIC＜0.50)。
(4)最小二乘分析和显著性检验表明:SNPs551 NN和MN基因型的IMP含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于MM型,NN和MN基因型的IMF含量显著(P＜0.05)大于MM型,NN基因型的Glu含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于MN、MM型。SNPs716位点JJ基因型的胸肌率极显著(P＜0.01)大于KK型,KK基因型的IMP和Glu含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于JJ型,JJ基因型的IMF含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于KK型。SNPs1711位点YY基因型的全净膛率和胸肌率显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型,YY和XY基因型的半净膛率极显著(P＜0.01)大于XX型,YY和XY基因型的胸肌率极显著(P＜0.01)大于XX型。YY基因型的IMF含量显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型,YY基因型的Glu含量显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型。可考虑将CACNA1S基因作为影响鸡肉质和屠体性状的候选基因。
142 chickens from 5 populations(Xiaoshan chicken:XS;Xianju chicken:XJ;Linkun chicken:LK;Xiaoshan chicken×Xianju chicken F1:XS×XJ;AA chicken:AA)were studied.5'-UTR～exon1 sequence of(calcium channel,voltage-dependent,L type,alpha 1S subunit)CACNA1S gene of chicken was cloned and sequenced for the first time (GenBank Accession Number:GQ184725).Single nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of CACNA1S gene was detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing in 5 breeds and the effect of genotypes on meat quality and carcass traits was studied by GLM analysis.The results were as follows:
(1) 5'-UTR～exon1 sequence of CACNA1S gene of chicken was cloned for the first time,and it was 1863bp in length(Genbank No:GQ184725).
(2) 4 SNPs sites in 5'-UTR of CACNA1S gene were determind:213(C→T)、551(G→A)、716(C insert/deletion)、1711(C→G).When 551(G→A),regulatory element HSF have priority,and when 1711(C→G),regulatory element ADR1 becomes to ADR1、M2F1、STRE and GATA-1.
(3) It is showed that 2 allele(denoted as A、B and J、K) and 2 genotype(denoted as AA、BB and JJ、KK)was detected in SNPs213 and SNPs716 site,the frequency of 2 allele and 2 genes was 0.2254、0.7746 and 0.5141、0.4859 respectively;2 allele(denoted as M、N and X、Y) and 2 genotype(denoted as MM、MN、NN and XX、XY、YY)was detected in SNPs551 and SNPs1711 site,the frequency of 2 allele and 2 gene was 0.4683、0.5317 and 0.4648、0.5352 respectively.PIC value of 3 populations(XS、XS×XJ、AA) in SNPs213 and SNPs551 was less than 0.25,it is low polymorphism.PIC value of Others are medium polymer.
(4) The results showed that the least squares means(LSM) of BMP had very significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs716,the least squares means(LSM) of EP、BMP、SEP had very significant difference between YY,XYand XX genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs1711,the least squares means(LSM) of IMP、IMF、Glu had significant difference between MM、MNand NN genotype(P＜0.05) in SNPs551,the least squares means(LSM) of IMP、IMF、Glu had very significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs716,the least squares means(LSM) of IMF、Glu had significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.05) in SNPs1711.The CACNA1S gene could be a candidate modifier gene that affect or control the meat quality and carcass traits of chicken.
(1)通过克隆测序首次获得了鸡CACNA1S基因5'-UTR～exon1共1863bp的序列(GenBank登录号:GQ184725),从而完善了Genbank中关于CACNA1S基因的收录。
(2)PCR-SSCP结果表明:5'-UTR发现有4个SNPs位点:213(C→T)、551(G→A)、716(C插入/缺失)、1711(C→G)。当551位点(G→A),调控元件HSF的顺序发生了变化;当1711位点(C→G),调控元件由ADR1变为ADR1、M2F1、STRE和GATA-1。
(3)SNPs213和SNPs716位点分别发现有AA、BB和JJ,KK两种基因型,群体基因频率分别为0.2254、0.7746和0.5141、0.4859;SNPs551和SNPs1711分别发现MM、MN、MN和XX、XY、YY三种基因型,群体基因频率分别为0.4683、0.5317和0.4648、0.5352。SNPs213、SNPs551位点XS、XS×XJ、AA三个群体为低度多态(PIC＜0.25),其余两个群体为中度多态(0.25＜PIC＜0.50)。SNPs551、SNPs1711位点整个供试群体都为中度多态(0.25＜PIC＜0.50)。
(4)最小二乘分析和显著性检验表明:SNPs551 NN和MN基因型的IMP含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于MM型,NN和MN基因型的IMF含量显著(P＜0.05)大于MM型,NN基因型的Glu含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于MN、MM型。SNPs716位点JJ基因型的胸肌率极显著(P＜0.01)大于KK型,KK基因型的IMP和Glu含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于JJ型,JJ基因型的IMF含量极显著(P＜0.01)大于KK型。SNPs1711位点YY基因型的全净膛率和胸肌率显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型,YY和XY基因型的半净膛率极显著(P＜0.01)大于XX型,YY和XY基因型的胸肌率极显著(P＜0.01)大于XX型。YY基因型的IMF含量显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型,YY基因型的Glu含量显著(P＜0.05)大于XY和XX型。可考虑将CACNA1S基因作为影响鸡肉质和屠体性状的候选基因。
142 chickens from 5 populations(Xiaoshan chicken:XS;Xianju chicken:XJ;Linkun chicken:LK;Xiaoshan chicken×Xianju chicken F1:XS×XJ;AA chicken:AA)were studied.5'-UTR～exon1 sequence of(calcium channel,voltage-dependent,L type,alpha 1S subunit)CACNA1S gene of chicken was cloned and sequenced for the first time (GenBank Accession Number:GQ184725).Single nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of CACNA1S gene was detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing in 5 breeds and the effect of genotypes on meat quality and carcass traits was studied by GLM analysis.The results were as follows:
(1) 5'-UTR～exon1 sequence of CACNA1S gene of chicken was cloned for the first time,and it was 1863bp in length(Genbank No:GQ184725).
(2) 4 SNPs sites in 5'-UTR of CACNA1S gene were determind:213(C→T)、551(G→A)、716(C insert/deletion)、1711(C→G).When 551(G→A),regulatory element HSF have priority,and when 1711(C→G),regulatory element ADR1 becomes to ADR1、M2F1、STRE and GATA-1.
(3) It is showed that 2 allele(denoted as A、B and J、K) and 2 genotype(denoted as AA、BB and JJ、KK)was detected in SNPs213 and SNPs716 site,the frequency of 2 allele and 2 genes was 0.2254、0.7746 and 0.5141、0.4859 respectively;2 allele(denoted as M、N and X、Y) and 2 genotype(denoted as MM、MN、NN and XX、XY、YY)was detected in SNPs551 and SNPs1711 site,the frequency of 2 allele and 2 gene was 0.4683、0.5317 and 0.4648、0.5352 respectively.PIC value of 3 populations(XS、XS×XJ、AA) in SNPs213 and SNPs551 was less than 0.25,it is low polymorphism.PIC value of Others are medium polymer.
(4) The results showed that the least squares means(LSM) of BMP had very significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs716,the least squares means(LSM) of EP、BMP、SEP had very significant difference between YY,XYand XX genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs1711,the least squares means(LSM) of IMP、IMF、Glu had significant difference between MM、MNand NN genotype(P＜0.05) in SNPs551,the least squares means(LSM) of IMP、IMF、Glu had very significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.01) in SNPs716,the least squares means(LSM) of IMF、Glu had significant difference between JJ and KK genotype(P＜0.05) in SNPs1711.The CACNA1S gene could be a candidate modifier gene that affect or control the meat quality and carcass traits of chicken.
引文
[1]陈国宏,李慧芳.泰和乌骨鸡肌肉肌苷酸含量变化规律及其遗传力估测[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2002,23(2):29-32.
[2]陈继兰,文杰,赵桂苹等.鸡肉肌苷酸和肌内脂肪等肉品风味性状遗传参数的估计[J].遗传,2005,27(6):898-902.
[3]方晓敏.猪CACNAlS基因的研究.[博士学位论文].浙江杭州,浙江大学,2006.
[4]邱祥聘,嘉勇.第一届优质鸡研讨会文集.1989.
[5]瞿浩,舒鼎铭,杨纯芬.广东优质鸡种质资源的现状及发展建议[J].广东农业科学,2004,6:4-7.
[6]Hofmann K.What is quality? Definitions,measurement and evaluation of meat quality[J].Meat Focus Internationnal,1994,3(2):73-82.
[7]Hostetler HA,Mclntosh AL,Atshaves BP et al.Liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) directly interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in cultured primary hepatocytes[J].Lipid Res.2009.(4):31-34.
[8]Wang Q,Li N,Deng X et al.Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis on chicken extracelluar fatty acid binding protein gene and its associations with fattiness trait[C].Sci China C Life Sci,2001,44(4):429-434.
[9]You XY,Liu YP,Zhu Q et al.Study on SNP of the H-FABP gene and its association with slaughter performance in chicken[J].Yi Chuan,2007,29(2):230-234.
[10]Qu H,Cui L,Rickers HJ et al.Fatty acid-dependent expression of the muscle FABP gene-comparative analysis of gene control in functionally related,but evolutionary distant animal systems[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2007,299(1-2):45-53.
[11]Oikonomou G,Angelopoulou K,Arsenos G et al.The effects of polymorphisms in the DGAT1,leptin and growth hormone receptor gene loci on body energy,blood metabolic and reproductive traits of Holstein cows[J].Anim Genet,2009,40(1):10-17.
[12]Mizuta E,Kokubo Y,Yamanaka I et al.Leptin gene and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with sweet preference and obesity[J].Hypertens Res,2008,31(6):1069-1077.
[13]Banos G,Woolliams JA,Woodward BW et al.Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in leptin,leptin receptor,growth hormone receptor,and diacylglycerol acyltransferase(DGAT1) gene loci on milk production,feed,and body energy traits of UK dairy cows[J]. Dairy Sci, 2008, 91(8): 3190-3200.
[14] Liu X, Sharp PJ. Deletions in mRNA encoding the chicken leptin receptor gene binding domain[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol, 2007, 146(2): 250-255.
[15] Richards MP, Poch SM. Molecular cloning and expression of the turkey leptin receptor gene[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol, 2003, 136(4): 833-847.
[16] Wu Y, Zhang HL, Wang J et al. Discovery of a SNP in exon 7 of the lipoprotein lipase gene and its association with fatness traits in native and Cherry Valley Peking ducks[J]. Anim Genet, 2008, 39(5): 564-566.
[17] Zhang GM, Wen J, Chen JL et al. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performances, carcase composition, plasma lipoprotein lipase activity and meat traits of chickens[J]. Br Poult Sci, 2007, 48(2): 217-223.
[18] Sato K, Akiba Y. Lipoprotein lipase mRNA expression in abdominal adipose tissue is little modified by age and nutritional state in broiler chickens[J]. Poult Sci, 2002, 81(6): 846-852.
[19] Zhang ZH, Felder RB. Melanocortin receptors mediate the excitatory effects of blood-borne murine leptin on hypothalamic paraventricular neurons in rat[J]. Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2004, 286(2): 303-310.
[20] C. Ovilo, A. Fernandez, M.C. Rodriguez et al. Association of MC4R gene variants with growth, fatness, carcass composition and meat and fat quality traits in heavy pigs[J]. Meat Science, 2006, 73(1): 42-47.
[21] Kristoffer Strom, Thomas E. Gundersen, Ola Hansson et al. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is also a retinyl ester hydrolase: evidence from mice lacking HSL[J]. Faseb J,2009, (5):341-350.
[22] Lampidonis AD, Argyrokastritis A, Stravopodis DJ et al. Cloning and functional characterization of the ovine Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) full-length cDNAs: an integrated approach[J]. Gene, 2008, 416(1-2): 30-43.
[23] Shu JT, Bao WB, Zhang HX et al. Correlation between adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) gene polymorphism and inosine monophosphate acid (IMP) content in domestic fowl and genetic relationship between red jungle fowl and domestic fowl[J]. Yi Chuan, 2007, 29(3): 343-348.
[24] Gavalas A, Zalkin H. Analysis of the chicken GPAT/AIRC bidirectional promoter for de novo purine nucleotide synthesis[J]. Biol Chem, 1995, 270(5): 2403-2410.
[25]柬婧婷,包文斌,吴信生等鸡AIRC基因多态性及其对肌肉肌苷酸含量的遗传效应分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2009,40(2):155-160.
[26]Liu H,Xu Y,Zhao LL et al.Molecular cloning and mutation site analysis of AMPD1 gene in swine[J].Yi Chuan,2008,30(2):175-178.
[27]柴丽娟,储明星,文杰等.北京油鸡AMPD1基因多态性及其与肌苷酸含量关系的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(11):1117-1120.
[28]Wyszynska-Koko J,Pierzchala M,Flisikowski K et al.Polymorphisms in coding and regulatory regions of the porcine MYF6 and MYOG genes and expression of the MYF6 gene in m.longissimus dorsi versus productive traits in pigs[J].Appl Genet,2006,47(2):131-138.
[29]Zhu Z,Wu D J,Xu NY.SNPs of myostatin gene and its genetic effects on carcass traits in chicken[J].Yi Chuan,2007,29(5):593-598.
[30]Catterall WA,Hulme JT,Jiang X et al.Regulation of sodium and calcium channels by signaling complexes[J].Recept Signal Transduct Res,2006,26(5-6):577-598.
[31]Catterall WA,Perez-Reyes E,Snutch TP et al.International Union of Pharmacology.XLⅧ.Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated calcium channels[J].Pharmacol Rev,2005,57(4):411-425.
[32]Molenda NA.Alternative splicing of calcium channel CaV1.1.[Dissertation of human biology Faculty of Medicine].Koszalin,Poland,University of Ulm,2007.
[33]Mori Y,Friedrich T,Kim MS et al.Primary structure and functional expression from complementary DNA of a brain calcium channel[J].Nature,1991,350(6317):398-402.
[34]Jurkat RK,Lehmann HF.The impact of splice isoforms on voltage-gated calcium channel alphal subunits[J].Physiol,2004,554(3):609-619.
[35]Tanabe T,Takeshima H,Mikami A et al.Primary structure of the receptor for calcium channel blockers from skeletal muscle[J].Nature,1987,328(6128):313-318.
[36]Michiaki Y,Akiyoshi N.Calcium channels -- basic aspects of their structure,function and gene encoding;anesthetic action on the channels -- a review[J].Can J Anaesth,2002,49(2):151-164.
[37]Ryan AM,Matthews E,Hanna MG.Skeletal-muscle channelopathies:periodic paralysis and nondystrophic myotonias[J].Neurology,2007,20(5):558-563.
[38]Ertel EA,Campbell KP,Harpold MM et al.Nomenclature of voltage-gated calcium channels[J]. Neuron, 2000,25(3): 533-535.
[39] Powell JA, Petherbridge L, Flucher BE. Formation of triads without the dihydropyridine receptor alpha subunits in cell lines from dysgenic skeletal muscle[J]. Cell Biol, 1996, 134(2): 375-387.
[40] Rousset M, Cens T, Charnet P. Alone at last! New functions for Ca~(2+) channel beta subunits?[J]. Sci STKE, 2005(275): 11.
[41] Gregg RG, Mess A, Strube C et al. Absence of the (3 subunit (CCHB1) of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor alters expression of the al subunit and eliminates excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1996, 93(24): 13961-13966.
[42] Schredelseker J, Di Biase V, Obermair GJ et al. The beta 1 a subunit is essential for the assembly of dihydropyridine-receptor arrays in skeletal muscle[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2005, 102(47): 17219-17224.
[43] Brice NL, Berrow NS, Campbell V et al. Importance of the different p subunits in the membrane expression of the α1A and α2 calcium channel subunits: studies using a depolarization-sensitive α1A antibody[J]. Eur J Neurosci, 1997, (9): 749-759.
[44] Singer D, Biel M, Lotan I et al. The roles of the subunits in the function of the calcium channel[J]. Science, 1991,253(5027): 1553-1557.
[45] Werner M, Zoita A, Daniel Ursu. Functional roles of the gamma subunit of the skeletal muscle DHP-receptor[J]. Muscle Res Cell Motil, 2006, 32(5): 307-314.
[46] Cens T, Restituito S, Vallentin A et al. Promotion and inhibition of L-type Ca~(2+) channel facilitation by distinct domains of the subunit[J]. Biol Chem, 1998, 273(29): 18308-18315.
[47] Takahashi SX, Mittman S, Colecraft HM. Distinctive modulatory effects of five human auxiliary beta2 subunit splice variants on L-type calcium channel gating[J]. Biophys, 2003, 84(5): 3007-3021.
[48] Neuhuber B, Gerster U, Doring F et al. Association of calcium channel α1S and β1a subunits is required for the targeting of β1a but not of α1S into skeletal muscle triads[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998,9: 5015-5020.
[49] Obermair GJ, Kugler G, Baumgartner S et al. The Ca~(2+) channel alpha2delta-1 subunit determines Ca~(2+) current kinetics in skeletal muscle but not targeting of alphalS or excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Biol Chem, 2005, 280(3): 2229-2237.
[50] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Delbono O. Dihydropyridine receptor-ryanodine receptor uncoupling in aged skeletal muscle[J]. Membr Biol, 1997, 157(3): 247-253.
[51] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Delbono O. Overexpression of IGF-1 exclusively in skeletal muscle prevents age-related decline in the number of dihydropyridine receptors[J]. Biol Chem, 1998,273(44): 28845-28851.
[52] Chaudhari N, Beam KG. mRNA for cardiac calcium channel is expressed during development of skeletal muscle[J]. Developmental Biology, 1993, 155(2): 507-515.
[53] Renganathan M, Wang ZM, Messi ML et al. Calcium regulates L-type Ca~(2+) channel expression in rat skeletal muscle cells[J]. Pflugers Arch, 1999, 438(5): 649-655.
[54] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Schwartz R et al. Overexpression of IGF-1 exclusively in skeletal muscle increases the number of dihydropyridine receptors in adult transgenic mice[J]. FEBS Lett, 1997,417(1): 13-16.
[55] Wang ZM, Messi, ML, Delbono O et al. Patch-clamp recording of charge movement, Ca~(2+) current and Ca~(2+) transients in adult skeletal muscle fibersl[J]. Biophysical, 1999, 77(5): 2709-2716.
[56] Saborido A, Molano F, Moro G et al. Regulation of dihydropyridine receptor levels in skeletal and cardiac muscle by exercise training[J]. Pflugers Arch, 1995, 429(3): 364-369.
[57] Pereon Y, Sorrentino V, Dettbarn C et al. Dihydropyridine receptor and ryanodine receptor gene expression in long-term denervated rat muscles[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1997, 240(3): 612-617.
[58] Zheng Z, Messi ML, Delbono O. Age-dependent IGF-1 regulation of gene transcription of Ca~(2+) channels in skeletal muscle[J]. Mech Ageing Dev, 2001, 122(4): 373-384.
[59] Tanabe T, Beam KG, Adams BA et al. Regions of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor critical for excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Nature, 1990, 346(6284): 567-569.
[60] Schultheiβ, Christiane. Hypokaliamische Periodische Paralyse (HypoPP), Felis catus, Burma, CACNA1S, genetische Marker, SNP, Mikrosatelit, GIKA001, Kartierung, FISH. [Dissertation]. Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, 2008.
[61] Catterall WA. Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca~(2+) channels[J]. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 2000, 16: 521-555.
[62] Mori Y, Mikala G, Varadi G et al. Molecular pharmacology of voltage-dependent calcium channels[J].Jpn J Pharmacol,1996,72(2):83-109.
[63]Hockerman GH,Peterson BZ,Johnson BD et al.Molecular determinants of drug binding and action on L-type calcium channels[J].Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol,1997,37:361-396.
[64]Protas L,Qu J,Robinson RB.Neuropeptidey:neurotransmitter or trophic factor in the heart?[J].News Physiol Sci,2003,18:181-185.
[65]Seki S,Fujimura A.Three-dimensional changes in lymphatic architecture around VX2 tongue cancer-dynamic changes after administration of antiangiogenic agent[J].Lymphology,2003,36(4):199-208.
[66]Dulhunty AF.Excitation-contraction coupling from the 1950s into the new millennium[J].Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol,2006,33(9):763-772.
[67]Beauclair L,Fontaine R,Annable L et al.Clonazepam in the treatment of panic disorder:a double-blind,placebo-controlled trial investigating the correlation between clonazepam concentrations in plasma and clinical response[J].Clin Psychopharmacol,1994,14(2):111-118.
[68]Ptacek LJ,Tawil R,Griggs RC et al.Dihydropyridine receptor mutations cause hypokalemic periodic paralysis[J].Cell,1994,77(6):863-868.
[69]Wang Q,Liu M,Xu C et al.Novel CACNA1S mutation causes autosomal dominant hypokalemic periodic paralysis in a Chinese family[J].Mol Med,2005,83(3):203-208.
[70]Sung HK,Un KK,Jae JC et al.Identification of mutations including de novo mutations in Korean patients with hypokalaemic periodic paralysis[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2001,16:939-944.
[71]柯青,吴卫平,郭秀海等.一个中国家族性低钾型周期性麻痹家系中CACNA1S 基因r1239h突变[J].中华医学遗传学杂志,2006,23(3):272-274.
[72]柯青,吴卫平.原发性低钾型周期性麻痹相关离子通道基因突变研究进展[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2006,13(1):49-52.
[73]Monnier L,Mas E,Ginet C et al.Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2diabetes[J].Jama,2006,295(14):1681-1687.
[74]Sambuughin N,Sei Y,Gallagher KL et al.North American malignant hyperthermia population:screening of the ryanodine receptor gene and identification of novel mutations[J].Anesthesiology,2001,95(3):594-599.
[75]Fronicke L,Wienberg J.Comparative chromosome painting defines the high rate of karyotype changes between pigs and bovids[J].Mamm Genome,2001,12(6):442-449.
[76]方晓敏,赵晓枫,郭晓令等.应用辐射杂种细胞系对猪CACNA1S基因的定位研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(3):309-312.
[77]方晓敏,郭晓令,徐宁迎.辐射杂种细胞系及其在基因定位中的应用[J].畜牧与兽医,2006,38(1):52-54.
[78]Zheng L,Osvaldo,Delbono et al.Charge movement and transcription regulation of L-type calcium channel α1S in skeletal muscle cells[J].The journal physiology,2002,540(2):397-409.
[79]Dong S,Ying S,Kojima T et al.Crucial roles of MZF1 and Sp1 in the transcriptional regulation of the peptidylarginine deiminase type Ⅰ gene(PADI1) in human keratinocytes[J].Invest Dermatol,2008,128(3):549-557.
[80]Le M S,Fromigue O,Marie PJ.Sp1/Sp3 and the myeloid zinc finger gene MZF1regulate the human N-cadherin promoter in osteoblasts[J].Exp Cell Res,2005,302(1):129-142.
[81]Perrotti D,Melotti P,Skorski T et al.Overexpression of the zinc finger protein MZF1 inhibits hematopoietic development from embryonic stem cells:correlation with negative regulation of CD34 and c-myb promoter activity[J].Mol Cell Biol,1995,15(11):6075-6087.
[82]Greenbaum I,Weigl Y,Pras E.The genetic basis of malignant hyperthermia[J].Isr Med Assoc,2007,9(1):39-41.
[83]唐辉,龚炎长,吴常信等.五个鸡种肉质特性的比较研究[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(4):515-518.
[84]李建几,黄梅南.不同品种鸡胸肌肉中肌苷酸含量比较[C].优质黄羽鸡品系选育和配套研究论文集,1995:287-290
[85]孙龙生,王克华.地方鸡肌肉中常量化学成分含量变化规律研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,1998,11:4-5.
[86]陈国宏,侯水生,吴信生等.中国部分鸡种肌肉肌苷酸含量研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2000,21(3):287-290.
[87]Suzuki A,Homma N,Fukuda A et al.Effects of high pressure treatment on the flavour-related components in meat[J].Meat Science,1994,37(3):369-379.
[88] Chow IS, Jacobson M. Inosine monophosphate, inosine and hypoxanthine in meat from broiler 5, 7 and 9weeks of age. Poultry Sci, 1968, 47: 604.
[89] Devol DL, Mckeith FK, Bechtel PJ et al. Variation in Composition and Palatability Traits and Relationships between Muscle Characteristics and Palatability in a Random Sample of Pork Carcasses[J]. Animal Science, 1988, 66: 385-395.
[90] Gerbens F, Jansen A, Anton JM. et al. The adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein locus: characterization and association with intramuscular fat content in pigs[J]. Mamm Genome, 1998, 9(12): 1022-1026.
[2]陈继兰,文杰,赵桂苹等.鸡肉肌苷酸和肌内脂肪等肉品风味性状遗传参数的估计[J].遗传,2005,27(6):898-902.
[3]方晓敏.猪CACNAlS基因的研究.[博士学位论文].浙江杭州,浙江大学,2006.
[4]邱祥聘,嘉勇.第一届优质鸡研讨会文集.1989.
[5]瞿浩,舒鼎铭,杨纯芬.广东优质鸡种质资源的现状及发展建议[J].广东农业科学,2004,6:4-7.
[6]Hofmann K.What is quality? Definitions,measurement and evaluation of meat quality[J].Meat Focus Internationnal,1994,3(2):73-82.
[7]Hostetler HA,Mclntosh AL,Atshaves BP et al.Liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) directly interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in cultured primary hepatocytes[J].Lipid Res.2009.(4):31-34.
[8]Wang Q,Li N,Deng X et al.Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis on chicken extracelluar fatty acid binding protein gene and its associations with fattiness trait[C].Sci China C Life Sci,2001,44(4):429-434.
[9]You XY,Liu YP,Zhu Q et al.Study on SNP of the H-FABP gene and its association with slaughter performance in chicken[J].Yi Chuan,2007,29(2):230-234.
[10]Qu H,Cui L,Rickers HJ et al.Fatty acid-dependent expression of the muscle FABP gene-comparative analysis of gene control in functionally related,but evolutionary distant animal systems[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2007,299(1-2):45-53.
[11]Oikonomou G,Angelopoulou K,Arsenos G et al.The effects of polymorphisms in the DGAT1,leptin and growth hormone receptor gene loci on body energy,blood metabolic and reproductive traits of Holstein cows[J].Anim Genet,2009,40(1):10-17.
[12]Mizuta E,Kokubo Y,Yamanaka I et al.Leptin gene and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with sweet preference and obesity[J].Hypertens Res,2008,31(6):1069-1077.
[13]Banos G,Woolliams JA,Woodward BW et al.Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in leptin,leptin receptor,growth hormone receptor,and diacylglycerol acyltransferase(DGAT1) gene loci on milk production,feed,and body energy traits of UK dairy cows[J]. Dairy Sci, 2008, 91(8): 3190-3200.
[14] Liu X, Sharp PJ. Deletions in mRNA encoding the chicken leptin receptor gene binding domain[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol, 2007, 146(2): 250-255.
[15] Richards MP, Poch SM. Molecular cloning and expression of the turkey leptin receptor gene[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol, 2003, 136(4): 833-847.
[16] Wu Y, Zhang HL, Wang J et al. Discovery of a SNP in exon 7 of the lipoprotein lipase gene and its association with fatness traits in native and Cherry Valley Peking ducks[J]. Anim Genet, 2008, 39(5): 564-566.
[17] Zhang GM, Wen J, Chen JL et al. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performances, carcase composition, plasma lipoprotein lipase activity and meat traits of chickens[J]. Br Poult Sci, 2007, 48(2): 217-223.
[18] Sato K, Akiba Y. Lipoprotein lipase mRNA expression in abdominal adipose tissue is little modified by age and nutritional state in broiler chickens[J]. Poult Sci, 2002, 81(6): 846-852.
[19] Zhang ZH, Felder RB. Melanocortin receptors mediate the excitatory effects of blood-borne murine leptin on hypothalamic paraventricular neurons in rat[J]. Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2004, 286(2): 303-310.
[20] C. Ovilo, A. Fernandez, M.C. Rodriguez et al. Association of MC4R gene variants with growth, fatness, carcass composition and meat and fat quality traits in heavy pigs[J]. Meat Science, 2006, 73(1): 42-47.
[21] Kristoffer Strom, Thomas E. Gundersen, Ola Hansson et al. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is also a retinyl ester hydrolase: evidence from mice lacking HSL[J]. Faseb J,2009, (5):341-350.
[22] Lampidonis AD, Argyrokastritis A, Stravopodis DJ et al. Cloning and functional characterization of the ovine Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) full-length cDNAs: an integrated approach[J]. Gene, 2008, 416(1-2): 30-43.
[23] Shu JT, Bao WB, Zhang HX et al. Correlation between adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) gene polymorphism and inosine monophosphate acid (IMP) content in domestic fowl and genetic relationship between red jungle fowl and domestic fowl[J]. Yi Chuan, 2007, 29(3): 343-348.
[24] Gavalas A, Zalkin H. Analysis of the chicken GPAT/AIRC bidirectional promoter for de novo purine nucleotide synthesis[J]. Biol Chem, 1995, 270(5): 2403-2410.
[25]柬婧婷,包文斌,吴信生等鸡AIRC基因多态性及其对肌肉肌苷酸含量的遗传效应分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2009,40(2):155-160.
[26]Liu H,Xu Y,Zhao LL et al.Molecular cloning and mutation site analysis of AMPD1 gene in swine[J].Yi Chuan,2008,30(2):175-178.
[27]柴丽娟,储明星,文杰等.北京油鸡AMPD1基因多态性及其与肌苷酸含量关系的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(11):1117-1120.
[28]Wyszynska-Koko J,Pierzchala M,Flisikowski K et al.Polymorphisms in coding and regulatory regions of the porcine MYF6 and MYOG genes and expression of the MYF6 gene in m.longissimus dorsi versus productive traits in pigs[J].Appl Genet,2006,47(2):131-138.
[29]Zhu Z,Wu D J,Xu NY.SNPs of myostatin gene and its genetic effects on carcass traits in chicken[J].Yi Chuan,2007,29(5):593-598.
[30]Catterall WA,Hulme JT,Jiang X et al.Regulation of sodium and calcium channels by signaling complexes[J].Recept Signal Transduct Res,2006,26(5-6):577-598.
[31]Catterall WA,Perez-Reyes E,Snutch TP et al.International Union of Pharmacology.XLⅧ.Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated calcium channels[J].Pharmacol Rev,2005,57(4):411-425.
[32]Molenda NA.Alternative splicing of calcium channel CaV1.1.[Dissertation of human biology Faculty of Medicine].Koszalin,Poland,University of Ulm,2007.
[33]Mori Y,Friedrich T,Kim MS et al.Primary structure and functional expression from complementary DNA of a brain calcium channel[J].Nature,1991,350(6317):398-402.
[34]Jurkat RK,Lehmann HF.The impact of splice isoforms on voltage-gated calcium channel alphal subunits[J].Physiol,2004,554(3):609-619.
[35]Tanabe T,Takeshima H,Mikami A et al.Primary structure of the receptor for calcium channel blockers from skeletal muscle[J].Nature,1987,328(6128):313-318.
[36]Michiaki Y,Akiyoshi N.Calcium channels -- basic aspects of their structure,function and gene encoding;anesthetic action on the channels -- a review[J].Can J Anaesth,2002,49(2):151-164.
[37]Ryan AM,Matthews E,Hanna MG.Skeletal-muscle channelopathies:periodic paralysis and nondystrophic myotonias[J].Neurology,2007,20(5):558-563.
[38]Ertel EA,Campbell KP,Harpold MM et al.Nomenclature of voltage-gated calcium channels[J]. Neuron, 2000,25(3): 533-535.
[39] Powell JA, Petherbridge L, Flucher BE. Formation of triads without the dihydropyridine receptor alpha subunits in cell lines from dysgenic skeletal muscle[J]. Cell Biol, 1996, 134(2): 375-387.
[40] Rousset M, Cens T, Charnet P. Alone at last! New functions for Ca~(2+) channel beta subunits?[J]. Sci STKE, 2005(275): 11.
[41] Gregg RG, Mess A, Strube C et al. Absence of the (3 subunit (CCHB1) of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor alters expression of the al subunit and eliminates excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1996, 93(24): 13961-13966.
[42] Schredelseker J, Di Biase V, Obermair GJ et al. The beta 1 a subunit is essential for the assembly of dihydropyridine-receptor arrays in skeletal muscle[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2005, 102(47): 17219-17224.
[43] Brice NL, Berrow NS, Campbell V et al. Importance of the different p subunits in the membrane expression of the α1A and α2 calcium channel subunits: studies using a depolarization-sensitive α1A antibody[J]. Eur J Neurosci, 1997, (9): 749-759.
[44] Singer D, Biel M, Lotan I et al. The roles of the subunits in the function of the calcium channel[J]. Science, 1991,253(5027): 1553-1557.
[45] Werner M, Zoita A, Daniel Ursu. Functional roles of the gamma subunit of the skeletal muscle DHP-receptor[J]. Muscle Res Cell Motil, 2006, 32(5): 307-314.
[46] Cens T, Restituito S, Vallentin A et al. Promotion and inhibition of L-type Ca~(2+) channel facilitation by distinct domains of the subunit[J]. Biol Chem, 1998, 273(29): 18308-18315.
[47] Takahashi SX, Mittman S, Colecraft HM. Distinctive modulatory effects of five human auxiliary beta2 subunit splice variants on L-type calcium channel gating[J]. Biophys, 2003, 84(5): 3007-3021.
[48] Neuhuber B, Gerster U, Doring F et al. Association of calcium channel α1S and β1a subunits is required for the targeting of β1a but not of α1S into skeletal muscle triads[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998,9: 5015-5020.
[49] Obermair GJ, Kugler G, Baumgartner S et al. The Ca~(2+) channel alpha2delta-1 subunit determines Ca~(2+) current kinetics in skeletal muscle but not targeting of alphalS or excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Biol Chem, 2005, 280(3): 2229-2237.
[50] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Delbono O. Dihydropyridine receptor-ryanodine receptor uncoupling in aged skeletal muscle[J]. Membr Biol, 1997, 157(3): 247-253.
[51] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Delbono O. Overexpression of IGF-1 exclusively in skeletal muscle prevents age-related decline in the number of dihydropyridine receptors[J]. Biol Chem, 1998,273(44): 28845-28851.
[52] Chaudhari N, Beam KG. mRNA for cardiac calcium channel is expressed during development of skeletal muscle[J]. Developmental Biology, 1993, 155(2): 507-515.
[53] Renganathan M, Wang ZM, Messi ML et al. Calcium regulates L-type Ca~(2+) channel expression in rat skeletal muscle cells[J]. Pflugers Arch, 1999, 438(5): 649-655.
[54] Renganathan M, Messi ML, Schwartz R et al. Overexpression of IGF-1 exclusively in skeletal muscle increases the number of dihydropyridine receptors in adult transgenic mice[J]. FEBS Lett, 1997,417(1): 13-16.
[55] Wang ZM, Messi, ML, Delbono O et al. Patch-clamp recording of charge movement, Ca~(2+) current and Ca~(2+) transients in adult skeletal muscle fibersl[J]. Biophysical, 1999, 77(5): 2709-2716.
[56] Saborido A, Molano F, Moro G et al. Regulation of dihydropyridine receptor levels in skeletal and cardiac muscle by exercise training[J]. Pflugers Arch, 1995, 429(3): 364-369.
[57] Pereon Y, Sorrentino V, Dettbarn C et al. Dihydropyridine receptor and ryanodine receptor gene expression in long-term denervated rat muscles[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1997, 240(3): 612-617.
[58] Zheng Z, Messi ML, Delbono O. Age-dependent IGF-1 regulation of gene transcription of Ca~(2+) channels in skeletal muscle[J]. Mech Ageing Dev, 2001, 122(4): 373-384.
[59] Tanabe T, Beam KG, Adams BA et al. Regions of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor critical for excitation-contraction coupling[J]. Nature, 1990, 346(6284): 567-569.
[60] Schultheiβ, Christiane. Hypokaliamische Periodische Paralyse (HypoPP), Felis catus, Burma, CACNA1S, genetische Marker, SNP, Mikrosatelit, GIKA001, Kartierung, FISH. [Dissertation]. Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, 2008.
[61] Catterall WA. Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca~(2+) channels[J]. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 2000, 16: 521-555.
[62] Mori Y, Mikala G, Varadi G et al. Molecular pharmacology of voltage-dependent calcium channels[J].Jpn J Pharmacol,1996,72(2):83-109.
[63]Hockerman GH,Peterson BZ,Johnson BD et al.Molecular determinants of drug binding and action on L-type calcium channels[J].Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol,1997,37:361-396.
[64]Protas L,Qu J,Robinson RB.Neuropeptidey:neurotransmitter or trophic factor in the heart?[J].News Physiol Sci,2003,18:181-185.
[65]Seki S,Fujimura A.Three-dimensional changes in lymphatic architecture around VX2 tongue cancer-dynamic changes after administration of antiangiogenic agent[J].Lymphology,2003,36(4):199-208.
[66]Dulhunty AF.Excitation-contraction coupling from the 1950s into the new millennium[J].Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol,2006,33(9):763-772.
[67]Beauclair L,Fontaine R,Annable L et al.Clonazepam in the treatment of panic disorder:a double-blind,placebo-controlled trial investigating the correlation between clonazepam concentrations in plasma and clinical response[J].Clin Psychopharmacol,1994,14(2):111-118.
[68]Ptacek LJ,Tawil R,Griggs RC et al.Dihydropyridine receptor mutations cause hypokalemic periodic paralysis[J].Cell,1994,77(6):863-868.
[69]Wang Q,Liu M,Xu C et al.Novel CACNA1S mutation causes autosomal dominant hypokalemic periodic paralysis in a Chinese family[J].Mol Med,2005,83(3):203-208.
[70]Sung HK,Un KK,Jae JC et al.Identification of mutations including de novo mutations in Korean patients with hypokalaemic periodic paralysis[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2001,16:939-944.
[71]柯青,吴卫平,郭秀海等.一个中国家族性低钾型周期性麻痹家系中CACNA1S 基因r1239h突变[J].中华医学遗传学杂志,2006,23(3):272-274.
[72]柯青,吴卫平.原发性低钾型周期性麻痹相关离子通道基因突变研究进展[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2006,13(1):49-52.
[73]Monnier L,Mas E,Ginet C et al.Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2diabetes[J].Jama,2006,295(14):1681-1687.
[74]Sambuughin N,Sei Y,Gallagher KL et al.North American malignant hyperthermia population:screening of the ryanodine receptor gene and identification of novel mutations[J].Anesthesiology,2001,95(3):594-599.
[75]Fronicke L,Wienberg J.Comparative chromosome painting defines the high rate of karyotype changes between pigs and bovids[J].Mamm Genome,2001,12(6):442-449.
[76]方晓敏,赵晓枫,郭晓令等.应用辐射杂种细胞系对猪CACNA1S基因的定位研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(3):309-312.
[77]方晓敏,郭晓令,徐宁迎.辐射杂种细胞系及其在基因定位中的应用[J].畜牧与兽医,2006,38(1):52-54.
[78]Zheng L,Osvaldo,Delbono et al.Charge movement and transcription regulation of L-type calcium channel α1S in skeletal muscle cells[J].The journal physiology,2002,540(2):397-409.
[79]Dong S,Ying S,Kojima T et al.Crucial roles of MZF1 and Sp1 in the transcriptional regulation of the peptidylarginine deiminase type Ⅰ gene(PADI1) in human keratinocytes[J].Invest Dermatol,2008,128(3):549-557.
[80]Le M S,Fromigue O,Marie PJ.Sp1/Sp3 and the myeloid zinc finger gene MZF1regulate the human N-cadherin promoter in osteoblasts[J].Exp Cell Res,2005,302(1):129-142.
[81]Perrotti D,Melotti P,Skorski T et al.Overexpression of the zinc finger protein MZF1 inhibits hematopoietic development from embryonic stem cells:correlation with negative regulation of CD34 and c-myb promoter activity[J].Mol Cell Biol,1995,15(11):6075-6087.
[82]Greenbaum I,Weigl Y,Pras E.The genetic basis of malignant hyperthermia[J].Isr Med Assoc,2007,9(1):39-41.
[83]唐辉,龚炎长,吴常信等.五个鸡种肉质特性的比较研究[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(4):515-518.
[84]李建几,黄梅南.不同品种鸡胸肌肉中肌苷酸含量比较[C].优质黄羽鸡品系选育和配套研究论文集,1995:287-290
[85]孙龙生,王克华.地方鸡肌肉中常量化学成分含量变化规律研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,1998,11:4-5.
[86]陈国宏,侯水生,吴信生等.中国部分鸡种肌肉肌苷酸含量研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2000,21(3):287-290.
[87]Suzuki A,Homma N,Fukuda A et al.Effects of high pressure treatment on the flavour-related components in meat[J].Meat Science,1994,37(3):369-379.
[88] Chow IS, Jacobson M. Inosine monophosphate, inosine and hypoxanthine in meat from broiler 5, 7 and 9weeks of age. Poultry Sci, 1968, 47: 604.
[89] Devol DL, Mckeith FK, Bechtel PJ et al. Variation in Composition and Palatability Traits and Relationships between Muscle Characteristics and Palatability in a Random Sample of Pork Carcasses[J]. Animal Science, 1988, 66: 385-395.
[90] Gerbens F, Jansen A, Anton JM. et al. The adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein locus: characterization and association with intramuscular fat content in pigs[J]. Mamm Genome, 1998, 9(12): 1022-1026.