武汉市城市湖泊湿地生态承载力分析研究
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摘要
本文根据武汉市城市湖泊功能规划类别标准和2008年武汉市37个城市湖泊7个水环境指标,计算了各个湖泊的主要污染物允许容量及剩余容量,并根据武汉市城市湖泊湿地特征建立了城市湖泊生态承载力评价指标体系,用均方差决策权重、阈值法处理评价指标无量纲化,并应用生态承载力判定模型计算出武汉市37个湖泊的承载压力度指数,从而评价了它们的生态承载力状况。经研究,得出的评价结果为：属于较高压弱承载高负荷状态的城市湖泊湿地有龙阳湖、墨水湖、莲花湖、机器荡子、菱角湖、小南湖、后襄河、月湖、内沙湖、塔子湖、晒湖、鲩子湖、野湖、四美塘、野芷湖、紫阳湖、五加湖、车墩湖、三角湖、北太子湖、竹叶海、张毕湖、杨春湖、江汉西湖、江汉北湖、青山北湖、竹子湖、清潭湖；属于中压弱承载高负荷状态的城市湖泊湿地有沙湖、严东湖、青菱湖、黄家湖、严西湖、南湖、南太子湖；属于弱压低承载低负荷的有汤逊湖；属于弱压弱承载低负荷状态的城市湖泊湿地有东湖。并在此基础上分析了武汉市城市湖泊湿地可持续发展能力以及现阶段可持续发展中存在的问题,据此提出今后的城市湖泊湿地可持续发展对策,为武汉市城市湖泊湿地可持续发展战略实施提供理论指导。
According to the standard functional planning categories of urban lakes in Wuhan city and 7 water lake environmental indicators of 37 urban lakes of Wuhan city in 2008, this paper calculated the allowed capacities of the major pollutants and their remaining capacities.And according to the features of lake wetlands in Wuhan city, we established an evaluation index system of ecological carrying capacity of urban lake wetlands, deciding the weight of each evaluation index with mean variance and making each evaluation index no dimension with threshold value, and applied the model of ecological carrying capacity evaluation to calculate the bearing pressure index of 37 lakes in Wuhan so as to evaluate their situations of the ecological carrying capacities. Results of the evaluation are listed as bellows:27 lakes are weak supporting capacity, higher pressure and exceeded burthen. They are longyang lake, moshui lake, lianhua lake, jiqidangzi lake, lingjiao lake, xiaonan lake, houxianghe lake, yuehu lake, neishahu lake, tazihu lake, shaihu lake, huanzihu lake, yehu lake, simeitang lake, yezhihu lake, ziyang lake, wujia lake, chedun lake, sanjiao lake, beitaizi lake, zhuyehai lake, zhangbi lake, yangchun lake, jianghanxi lake, jianghanbei lake, qingshanbei lake, zhuzi lake, qingtan lake;7 lakes are weak supporting capacity, medium pressure and exceeded burthen.They are shai lake, yandong lake, qingling lake, huangjia lake, yanxi lake, nan lake,nantaizi lake; Tangxunhu lake is low supporting capacity, weak pressure and low burthen; Dong lake is weak supporting capacity,weak pressure and low burthen. Based on these results, we analyzed the sustainable development capacities of the lake wetlands in Wuhan city and the problems at this stage of sustainable development, whereby it presented measures for the future sustainable development of lake wetlands in Wuhan city so that it can provide theoretical guidance for the implementation of sustainable development strategy in urban lake wetlands of Wuhan city.
According to the standard functional planning categories of urban lakes in Wuhan city and 7 water lake environmental indicators of 37 urban lakes of Wuhan city in 2008, this paper calculated the allowed capacities of the major pollutants and their remaining capacities.And according to the features of lake wetlands in Wuhan city, we established an evaluation index system of ecological carrying capacity of urban lake wetlands, deciding the weight of each evaluation index with mean variance and making each evaluation index no dimension with threshold value, and applied the model of ecological carrying capacity evaluation to calculate the bearing pressure index of 37 lakes in Wuhan so as to evaluate their situations of the ecological carrying capacities. Results of the evaluation are listed as bellows:27 lakes are weak supporting capacity, higher pressure and exceeded burthen. They are longyang lake, moshui lake, lianhua lake, jiqidangzi lake, lingjiao lake, xiaonan lake, houxianghe lake, yuehu lake, neishahu lake, tazihu lake, shaihu lake, huanzihu lake, yehu lake, simeitang lake, yezhihu lake, ziyang lake, wujia lake, chedun lake, sanjiao lake, beitaizi lake, zhuyehai lake, zhangbi lake, yangchun lake, jianghanxi lake, jianghanbei lake, qingshanbei lake, zhuzi lake, qingtan lake;7 lakes are weak supporting capacity, medium pressure and exceeded burthen.They are shai lake, yandong lake, qingling lake, huangjia lake, yanxi lake, nan lake,nantaizi lake; Tangxunhu lake is low supporting capacity, weak pressure and low burthen; Dong lake is weak supporting capacity,weak pressure and low burthen. Based on these results, we analyzed the sustainable development capacities of the lake wetlands in Wuhan city and the problems at this stage of sustainable development, whereby it presented measures for the future sustainable development of lake wetlands in Wuhan city so that it can provide theoretical guidance for the implementation of sustainable development strategy in urban lake wetlands of Wuhan city.
引文
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