基于业务重组的城市政府信息资源共享研究
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摘要
本文首次将城市政府信息资源共享需求划分为“弹性共享需求”和“刚性共享需求”。“弹性共享需求”主要源于政府内部，主要是由于政府管理体制不顺造成的。“弹性共享需求”的发动因素主要是职能交叉重叠、管理对象重叠等业务环境问题，是人为造成的，是可以消除和压缩的。“刚性共享需求”来自政府、公民社会和市场的实际应用需求，主要由协同办公、科学决策、公共服务、节约资源等发动因素产生。
本文应用关联度分析法(RDA)构建的业务重组与信息资源共享的相互依存关系模型和实证检验结果表明，城市政府信息资源共享的总体需求和单个职能部门的共享需求都取决于业务之间的重叠度和耦合度。
在控制其它因素下，通过业务重组降低业务关联度能有效减少城市政府信息资源共享的需求。科学合理地界定每项业务的具体内容和范围是降低信息共享需求的关键。只要业务之间的耦合度足够低，不管两个业务被配置到同一部门还是被配置到两个不同的部门，都能有效降低共享需求。
科学适当地将具有相关性的业务配置到同一职能部门，可以有效地降低单个职能部门对其它职能部门信息资源的共享需求。政府业务重组若能把“耦合度较高的业务配置到同一职能部门”，则可有效降低职能部门之间的共享需求。
城市政府信息资源共享新方法的基本思路是“通过业务重组减少共享需求”，主要由业务重组和业务参考模型构建、数据环境调查，信息资源共享需求调查、基于XML技术的城市政府战略数据规划、信息资源共享模型构建等步骤完成。业务重组的具体内容包括城市政府的战略目标分析，业务环境分析，面向对象的业务定义、业务关联度分析、权责一致的权能配置、基于信息技术的流程再造。
基于理论框架和实证调查，本文构建了城市政府的业务参考模型和信息资源共享模型。业务参考模型主要包括城市政府的职能模型、关联模型、权能模型、流程模型。这些模型是对理想化城市政府管理模式的视图描述，是城市政府改革的方向，是城市政府业务重组的成果。信息资源共享模型主要包括人口、法人单位、自然资源和空间地理、基础设施和产品等六类共享框架数据，以及社会管理与保障信息库、教科文信息库、国土资源与环境保护信息库、城市基础设施与住房信息库、市场监管信息库、卫生和食品药品信息库等六类共享专题数据。
In this paper, The demands of City government Information Resources Sharing in general can be divided into "Flexible demand sharing" and "Rigid demand sharing". "Flexible demand sharing" come from cross-functional factor, overlapping management objects, such as the business environment. The main launching factors of "Flexible demand sharing" that can be eliminated,is the overlapping functions, managed object, such as business environment overlap problem that be caused by man-made. "Rigid-sharing demand" come from the Government, civil society and the practical application of market demand. The main launching factors of "Rigid-sharing demand" is the coordination office, scientific decision-making, public services, conservation of resources.
In this paper, Using RDA(relationship degree analysis) to build interdependence model of Functions Re-engineering and Information Resources Sharing. The interdependence model and and empirical test results show that The Aggregate demands and the single department demands depend on Degree of business overlap and coupling.
In the control of other factors, by Functions Re-engineering to reduce correlation of city governments is effective in reducing the demand of the Information Resources Sharing. Scientificly and reasonably to define the specific content and scope of each operation is the key to reduce demand of the demand for the Information Resources Sharing. As long as the coupling between business is low enough, regardless of both the business is configured to the same department or be configured to two different departments, can effectively reduce the demand for sharing.
Scientificly and reasonably to configure the relevant business to same functional departments, can effectively reduce the demand of the Information Resources Sharing of between two functional departments. Of course, The business more high RDA is configured to the same functions , can effectively reduce the demand of Information Resources Sharing between functional dapartment,.
The basic idea of new method of City government Information Resources Sharing of is to "re-engineered to reduce the sharing of demand", including primarily from Business Re-engineering and business reference model building , data environmental investigation, demand investigation for information resource sharing, city government strategy information planning based on XML, information resource sharing model building and so on. Business Re-engineering mainly consist of analysis of the strategic objectives, business environment analysis, object-oriented definition of the business, business related analysis, power configuration, information technology-based process reengineering.
Based on the theoretical framework and empirical investigation, this paper established a city government's business reference models and information resource sharing model. Business reference model includes the functions model, relevance model, power model, process model. The ideal management pattern, the direction of the reform ,and the outcome of restructuring of city government can be viewed by these model. The Information Resource Sharing model include population data, legal entities units, nature resources and geographical, infrastructure, products such as the six the framework data for sharing, and social Administration&Security database, Education&Science&Culture database, Land Resources and Environmental Protection database , Urban Infrastructure&Housing database, Market Supervision database, health&food&drug database, such as the six thematic data for sharing.
本文应用关联度分析法(RDA)构建的业务重组与信息资源共享的相互依存关系模型和实证检验结果表明，城市政府信息资源共享的总体需求和单个职能部门的共享需求都取决于业务之间的重叠度和耦合度。
在控制其它因素下，通过业务重组降低业务关联度能有效减少城市政府信息资源共享的需求。科学合理地界定每项业务的具体内容和范围是降低信息共享需求的关键。只要业务之间的耦合度足够低，不管两个业务被配置到同一部门还是被配置到两个不同的部门，都能有效降低共享需求。
科学适当地将具有相关性的业务配置到同一职能部门，可以有效地降低单个职能部门对其它职能部门信息资源的共享需求。政府业务重组若能把“耦合度较高的业务配置到同一职能部门”，则可有效降低职能部门之间的共享需求。
城市政府信息资源共享新方法的基本思路是“通过业务重组减少共享需求”，主要由业务重组和业务参考模型构建、数据环境调查，信息资源共享需求调查、基于XML技术的城市政府战略数据规划、信息资源共享模型构建等步骤完成。业务重组的具体内容包括城市政府的战略目标分析，业务环境分析，面向对象的业务定义、业务关联度分析、权责一致的权能配置、基于信息技术的流程再造。
基于理论框架和实证调查，本文构建了城市政府的业务参考模型和信息资源共享模型。业务参考模型主要包括城市政府的职能模型、关联模型、权能模型、流程模型。这些模型是对理想化城市政府管理模式的视图描述，是城市政府改革的方向，是城市政府业务重组的成果。信息资源共享模型主要包括人口、法人单位、自然资源和空间地理、基础设施和产品等六类共享框架数据，以及社会管理与保障信息库、教科文信息库、国土资源与环境保护信息库、城市基础设施与住房信息库、市场监管信息库、卫生和食品药品信息库等六类共享专题数据。
In this paper, The demands of City government Information Resources Sharing in general can be divided into "Flexible demand sharing" and "Rigid demand sharing". "Flexible demand sharing" come from cross-functional factor, overlapping management objects, such as the business environment. The main launching factors of "Flexible demand sharing" that can be eliminated,is the overlapping functions, managed object, such as business environment overlap problem that be caused by man-made. "Rigid-sharing demand" come from the Government, civil society and the practical application of market demand. The main launching factors of "Rigid-sharing demand" is the coordination office, scientific decision-making, public services, conservation of resources.
In this paper, Using RDA(relationship degree analysis) to build interdependence model of Functions Re-engineering and Information Resources Sharing. The interdependence model and and empirical test results show that The Aggregate demands and the single department demands depend on Degree of business overlap and coupling.
In the control of other factors, by Functions Re-engineering to reduce correlation of city governments is effective in reducing the demand of the Information Resources Sharing. Scientificly and reasonably to define the specific content and scope of each operation is the key to reduce demand of the demand for the Information Resources Sharing. As long as the coupling between business is low enough, regardless of both the business is configured to the same department or be configured to two different departments, can effectively reduce the demand for sharing.
Scientificly and reasonably to configure the relevant business to same functional departments, can effectively reduce the demand of the Information Resources Sharing of between two functional departments. Of course, The business more high RDA is configured to the same functions , can effectively reduce the demand of Information Resources Sharing between functional dapartment,.
The basic idea of new method of City government Information Resources Sharing of is to "re-engineered to reduce the sharing of demand", including primarily from Business Re-engineering and business reference model building , data environmental investigation, demand investigation for information resource sharing, city government strategy information planning based on XML, information resource sharing model building and so on. Business Re-engineering mainly consist of analysis of the strategic objectives, business environment analysis, object-oriented definition of the business, business related analysis, power configuration, information technology-based process reengineering.
Based on the theoretical framework and empirical investigation, this paper established a city government's business reference models and information resource sharing model. Business reference model includes the functions model, relevance model, power model, process model. The ideal management pattern, the direction of the reform ,and the outcome of restructuring of city government can be viewed by these model. The Information Resource Sharing model include population data, legal entities units, nature resources and geographical, infrastructure, products such as the six the framework data for sharing, and social Administration&Security database, Education&Science&Culture database, Land Resources and Environmental Protection database , Urban Infrastructure&Housing database, Market Supervision database, health&food&drug database, such as the six thematic data for sharing.
引文
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