基于降低温室效应的管型航路布局研究
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摘要
为减小管型航路运行过程中对环境的影响,缓解温室效应,综合考虑航空器高空飞行CO_2排放和凝结尾生成情况,对管型航路的高度层分配进行优化,首先研究了CO_2排放和凝结尾生成机理,基于辐射强迫模型,实现了CO_2排放和凝结尾对温室效应影响的量化计算;其次,基于多目标模糊优化方法,建立满意度函数统一衡量标准,构建管型航路高度层优化模型,采用Dijkstra算法进行模型求解。最后,以广州白云机场-北京首都机场航路为例进行算例验证。结果表明:优化后的管型航路可有效避免大部分凝结尾生成区域,航空器飞行总辐射强迫降低73%,减小了对温室效应的影响。
In order to reduce the environmental impact during the operation of the corridor and alleviate the greenhouse effect,the flight level of corridor was optimized by considering two factors including CO_2 emission and contrail formation.Firstly,the mechanism of CO_2 emission and contrail formation was studied,the quantitative calculation of the influence of CO_2 emission and contrail on the greenhouse effect was realized based on the radiative forcing model.Secondly,the unified measurement standard of satisfaction function of corridor optimization model was establishedbased on the multi-objective fuzzy optimization method,in which Dijkstra algorithm was used to solve the model.Finally,the route from Guangzhou Baiyun Airport to Beijing Capital Airport was taken as a case study.The result shows that the optimized corridor could can effectively avoid most areas of the contrail and the total radiative forcing of aircraft flight was reduced by 73%,which reduces the impact on the greenhouse effect.
In order to reduce the environmental impact during the operation of the corridor and alleviate the greenhouse effect,the flight level of corridor was optimized by considering two factors including CO_2 emission and contrail formation.Firstly,the mechanism of CO_2 emission and contrail formation was studied,the quantitative calculation of the influence of CO_2 emission and contrail on the greenhouse effect was realized based on the radiative forcing model.Secondly,the unified measurement standard of satisfaction function of corridor optimization model was establishedbased on the multi-objective fuzzy optimization method,in which Dijkstra algorithm was used to solve the model.Finally,the route from Guangzhou Baiyun Airport to Beijing Capital Airport was taken as a case study.The result shows that the optimized corridor could can effectively avoid most areas of the contrail and the total radiative forcing of aircraft flight was reduced by 73%,which reduces the impact on the greenhouse effect.
引文
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[2]YOUSEFI A,DONOHUE G L,SHERRY L.High—volume tube—shape sectors (HTS):a network of high capacity ribbons connecting congested city pairs[C]//The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference.Piscataway:IEEE,2004:1-7.
[3]HERING H.Air traffic freeway system for Europe[R].EEC Report No.20/05,Brussels:EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre,2005.
[4]WING D J,SMITH J C,BALLIN M G.Analysis of a dynamic multi—track airway concept for air traffic management[R].Virginia:Langley Research Center,2008.
[5]MURCRAY W B.On the Possibility of Weather Modification by Aircraft Contrails[J].Monthly Weather Review,2009,98(10):745-748.
[6]BOUCHER O.Atmospheric science:Seeing through contrails[J].Nature Climate Change,2011,1(1):24-25.
[7]MEERK?TTER R,SCHUMANN U,DOELLING D R,et al.Radiative forcing by contrails[J].AnnalesGeophysicae,1999,17(8):1080-1094.
[8]MANNSTEIN H,SCHUMANN U.Aircraft induced contrail cirrus over Europe[J].MeteorologischeZeitschrift,2005,14(8):549-554.
[9]VICTORIA W,NOLAND R,RALFTOUMI.Air transport cruise altitude restrictions to minimize contrail formation[J].Climate Policy,2003,3(3):207-219.
[10]GAO,H,S.M.Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Aircraft Cruise Phase Altitude Optimization Considering Contrail Avoidance[R].MIT International Center for Air Transportation,2014.
[11]SOLERARNEDO M,HANSEN M,ZOU B.Contrail Sensitive 4D Trajectory Planning with Flight Level Allocation Using Multiphase Mixed-Integer Optimal Control[C]//AIAA Guidance,Navigation,and Control Conference.2013.
[12]AMIN R,ALAM S.A Heuristic Search Approach to Find Contrail Avoidance Flight Routes[M]//AI 2015:Advances in Artificial Intelligence.Springer International Publishing,2015:14-20.
[13]王中凤燕,田勇,万莉莉,等.基于降低温室效应的航空器运行策略[J].环境保护科学,2016,42(4):126-132.
[14]王中凤燕,田勇,万莉莉,等.高空飞行的环境影响研究进展[J].环境保护科学,2017,53(3):100-105.
[15]万莉莉.面向环境保护的空中交通运行优化方法研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2015.
[16]田勇,万莉莉,叶博嘉,等.基于降低温室效应的飞行高度层分配优化[J].成都:西南交通大学学报,2018,53(2):400-405.
[17]胡超芳.基于决策者满意度的多目标模糊优化算法研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007.