波流共同作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力特性
|
摘要
通过开展物理模型试验,探究波流共同作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机尾流场的流速变化和紊动特性。结果表明:相比于纯流工况,波浪的存在有利于支撑结构后方水流的速度恢复,但会使水轮机叶片旋转水域后方近尾流的速度损失更大,远尾流的速度恢复更慢;水轮机下游流速会随波高和周期的增加而增大;波流共同作用工况下的湍流强度整体高于纯流工况;湍流强度随波浪周期的增大而减小,随波高的增大而变大。
Physical experiments were conducted in this study to investigate the flow velocity distribution and the turbulence characteristics in the wake of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine under the combined action of wave and current. The results show that the existence of wave would contribute to the recovery of flow velocity behind the support structure. Compared with that under pure current,larger velocity deficit was observed within the swept area and slower velocity recovery rate was found in the far wake,when the model turbine operates under the combined action of wave and current. It's also found that the flow velocity in the downstream of turbine would increase with the increasing of wave height and wave period. Meanwhile,turbulence intensity in the flow field under combined wave and current is generally higher than that under a pure current condition. In addition,turbulence intensity would decrease with the increasing of wave period,while would increase with the increasing of wave height.
Physical experiments were conducted in this study to investigate the flow velocity distribution and the turbulence characteristics in the wake of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine under the combined action of wave and current. The results show that the existence of wave would contribute to the recovery of flow velocity behind the support structure. Compared with that under pure current,larger velocity deficit was observed within the swept area and slower velocity recovery rate was found in the far wake,when the model turbine operates under the combined action of wave and current. It's also found that the flow velocity in the downstream of turbine would increase with the increasing of wave height and wave period. Meanwhile,turbulence intensity in the flow field under combined wave and current is generally higher than that under a pure current condition. In addition,turbulence intensity would decrease with the increasing of wave period,while would increase with the increasing of wave height.
引文
[1]张亮,李新仲,耿敬,等.潮流能研究现状2013[J].新能源进展,2013,1(1):53-68.(ZHANG Liang,LI Xinzhong,GENG Jing,et al.Tidal current energy update 2013[J].Advances in New and Renewable Energy,2013,1(1):53-68.(in Chinese))
[2]张理,李志川.潮流能开发现状、发展趋势及面临的力学问题[J].力学学报,2016,48(5):1019-1032.(ZHANG Li,LIZhichuan.Development status,trend and the problems of mechanics of tidal current energy[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2016,48(5):1019-1032.(in Chinese))
[3]魏东泽,吴国荣,郭欣,等.潮流能开发技术研究进展[J].可再生能源,2014,32(7):1067-1074.(WEI Dongze,WUGuorong,GUO Xin,et al.Research progress in exploration technology of tidal current energy[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2014,32(7):1067-1074.(in Chinese))
[4]MYCEK P,GAURIER B,GERMAIN G,et al.Experimental study of the turbulence intensity effects on marine current turbines behaviour.partⅡ:two interacting turbines[J].Renewable Energy,2014,66(7):876-892.
[5]张亮,尚景宏,张之阳,等.潮流能研究现状2015:水动力学[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(2):1-15.(ZHANG Liang,SHANG Jinghong,ZHANG Zhiyang,et al.Tidal current energy update 2015:hydrodynamics[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(2):1-15.(in Chinese))
[6]MYERS L E,BAHAJ A S.Wake studies of a 1/30th scale horizontal axis marine current turbine[J].Ocean Engineering,2007,34(5):758-762.
[7]MAGANGA F,GERMAIN G,KING J,et al.Experimental characterization of flow effects on marine current turbine behaviour and on its wake properties[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2010,4(6):498-509.
[8]汪洁.海流能转换器水动力特性的数值模拟及实验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2012.
[9]张文广.双向叶片涡轮机内部三维流场的数值模拟与实验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2012.
[10]BARLTROP N,VARYANI K S,GRANT A,et al.Investigation into wave-current interactions in marine current turbines[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy,2007,221(A2):233-242.
[11]TATUM S C,FROST C H,ALLMARK M,et al.Wave-current interaction effects on tidal stream turbine performance and loading characteristics[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2016,14:161-179.
[12]GALLOWAY P W,MYERS L E,BAHAJ A S.Quantifying wave and yaw effects on a scale tidal stream turbine[J].Renewable Energy,2014,63:297-307.
[13]FAUDOT C,DAHLHAUG O G.Prediction of wave loads on tidal turbine blades[J].Energy Procedia,2012,20:116-133.
[14]MILNE I A,DAY A H,SHARMA R N,et al.Blade loads on tidal turbines in planar oscillatory flow[J].Ocean Engineering,2013,60(2):163-174.
[15]LUST E E,LUZNIK L,FLACK K A,et al.The influence of surface gravity waves on marine current turbine performance[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2013,3:27-40.
[16]NEVALAINEN T M,JOHNSTONE C M,GRANT A D.A sensitivity analysis on tidal stream turbine loads caused by operational,geometric design and inflow parameters[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2016,16:51-64.
[17]马伟佳,荆丰梅,王树齐,等.浪流共同作用下潮流能水轮机性能试验研究[J].中国造船,2017,58(2):189-198.(MAWeijia,JING Fengmei,WANG Shuqi,et al.Experimental study on performance of tidal current turbine in the waves[J].Shipbuilding of China,2017,58(2):189-198.(in Chinese))
[18]UMEYAMA M.Changes in turbulent flow structure under combined wave-current motions[J].Journal of Waterway Port Coastal&Ocean Engineering,2010,135(5):213-227.
[2]张理,李志川.潮流能开发现状、发展趋势及面临的力学问题[J].力学学报,2016,48(5):1019-1032.(ZHANG Li,LIZhichuan.Development status,trend and the problems of mechanics of tidal current energy[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2016,48(5):1019-1032.(in Chinese))
[3]魏东泽,吴国荣,郭欣,等.潮流能开发技术研究进展[J].可再生能源,2014,32(7):1067-1074.(WEI Dongze,WUGuorong,GUO Xin,et al.Research progress in exploration technology of tidal current energy[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2014,32(7):1067-1074.(in Chinese))
[4]MYCEK P,GAURIER B,GERMAIN G,et al.Experimental study of the turbulence intensity effects on marine current turbines behaviour.partⅡ:two interacting turbines[J].Renewable Energy,2014,66(7):876-892.
[5]张亮,尚景宏,张之阳,等.潮流能研究现状2015:水动力学[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(2):1-15.(ZHANG Liang,SHANG Jinghong,ZHANG Zhiyang,et al.Tidal current energy update 2015:hydrodynamics[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(2):1-15.(in Chinese))
[6]MYERS L E,BAHAJ A S.Wake studies of a 1/30th scale horizontal axis marine current turbine[J].Ocean Engineering,2007,34(5):758-762.
[7]MAGANGA F,GERMAIN G,KING J,et al.Experimental characterization of flow effects on marine current turbine behaviour and on its wake properties[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2010,4(6):498-509.
[8]汪洁.海流能转换器水动力特性的数值模拟及实验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2012.
[9]张文广.双向叶片涡轮机内部三维流场的数值模拟与实验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2012.
[10]BARLTROP N,VARYANI K S,GRANT A,et al.Investigation into wave-current interactions in marine current turbines[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy,2007,221(A2):233-242.
[11]TATUM S C,FROST C H,ALLMARK M,et al.Wave-current interaction effects on tidal stream turbine performance and loading characteristics[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2016,14:161-179.
[12]GALLOWAY P W,MYERS L E,BAHAJ A S.Quantifying wave and yaw effects on a scale tidal stream turbine[J].Renewable Energy,2014,63:297-307.
[13]FAUDOT C,DAHLHAUG O G.Prediction of wave loads on tidal turbine blades[J].Energy Procedia,2012,20:116-133.
[14]MILNE I A,DAY A H,SHARMA R N,et al.Blade loads on tidal turbines in planar oscillatory flow[J].Ocean Engineering,2013,60(2):163-174.
[15]LUST E E,LUZNIK L,FLACK K A,et al.The influence of surface gravity waves on marine current turbine performance[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2013,3:27-40.
[16]NEVALAINEN T M,JOHNSTONE C M,GRANT A D.A sensitivity analysis on tidal stream turbine loads caused by operational,geometric design and inflow parameters[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2016,16:51-64.
[17]马伟佳,荆丰梅,王树齐,等.浪流共同作用下潮流能水轮机性能试验研究[J].中国造船,2017,58(2):189-198.(MAWeijia,JING Fengmei,WANG Shuqi,et al.Experimental study on performance of tidal current turbine in the waves[J].Shipbuilding of China,2017,58(2):189-198.(in Chinese))
[18]UMEYAMA M.Changes in turbulent flow structure under combined wave-current motions[J].Journal of Waterway Port Coastal&Ocean Engineering,2010,135(5):213-227.