焦酚对共培养铜绿微囊藻和雨生红球藻影响的初步研究
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摘要
以单株藻为对象的纯培养抑藻测试体系被广泛用于化感抑藻活性物质筛选和作用机理研究,但自然水体中藻类常常相伴而生并相互作用,共存藻类对化感物质抑藻效果的影尚不清楚。为探讨藻类共存状态下对化感物质的响应,选择沉水植物穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)的典型化感抑藻物质焦酚,以有害蓝藻铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)和经济绿藻雨生红球藻(Haematococcuspluvialis)为受试藻,同时设置混合共培养体系和纯培养体系,比较焦酚对不同培养体系中两株藻的影响。结果显示,纯培养和共培养体系中,焦酚对铜绿微囊藻细胞增长的抑制率分别为96.82%和93.18%,而对雨生红球藻细胞增长的抑制率显著降低,分别为29.39%和45.40%。焦酚处理的纯培养和共培养体系中铜绿微囊藻胞外藻毒素质量浓度分别为3.23、2.00μg·L~(-1),雨生红球藻单个细胞内虾青素质量浓度分别为0.82、1.21 pg·cell-1。与纯培养相比,共培养体系中焦酚对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用减弱,微囊藻毒素释放量显著降低(P<0.05),而对雨生红球藻生长的抑制作用增强(P<0.05),单个细胞内虾青素积累量最大(P<0.05),表明两者共存减弱了焦酚对铜绿微囊藻的抑制效应,却增强了焦酚对雨生红球藻的影响。这些结果初步说明共存藻类会影响化感物质对目标藻株的抑制效应,在后续化感抑藻作用研究中,充分考虑藻类所处生物和非生物环境,将有助于深入揭示水生植物化感抑藻作用生态机制,明确化感作用和化感物质的生态学价值。
The algal inhibition test using pure culture system with single algae or cyanobacteria species as the target has been widely used in the screening of algal inhibitory allelochemicals and revealing of allelopathic mechanism. However, algae and cyanobacteria species often coexist and interact with each other in natural water bodies. The influence of coexisting phytoplankton species on the allelopathic inhibition against target species is not clear. A typical allelochemical isolated from submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum, pyrogallol was used, harmful cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and economic green algae Haematococcus pluvialis was selected as the tested organisms, to investigate the response of each phytoplankton species to allelochemicals in the coexistence state. The mixed co-culture system and the pure culture system was set up simultaneously to compare the effects of pyrogallol on both phytoplankton species in different culture systems. The results showed that the inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of M.aeruginosa was 96.82% and 93.18%, respectively, in the pure culture system and the co-culture system, while that of H. pluvialis was significantly reduced to 29.39% and 45.40%(P<0.05), respectively. Extracellular microcystin mass concentration of M. aeruginosa in the pure culture and co-culture systems treated with pyrogallol was 3.23, 2.00 μg·L~(-1), respectively, whilst the cell quota of intracellular astaxanthin of H. pluvialis was 0.82, 1.21 pg·cell~(-1), respectively. The inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of M.aeruginosa in the co-culture system was reduced comparing with that of the pure culture systems, where the increase extent of extracellular microcystin mass concentration was significantly lower than that of the pure culture(P<0.05). However, the inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of H. pluvialis was significantly enhanced(P<0.05), and cell quota of intracellular astaxanthin was much higher in the co-culture systems compared with that of the pure culture. These preliminary results indicate the inhibitory effects of pyrogallol on M. aeruginosa is reduced while that on H. pluvialis is enhanced when they are co-existing, and it can be deduced that the co-existence of phytoplankton species can affect the inhibitory effects of allelochemicals on target algae or cyanobacteria. We should fully consider the biotic and abiotic environment of target organisms in the further research on allelopathic inhibition on phytoplankton, which will help us to figure out the ecological mechanisms of this process and ecological value of allelopathy as well as allelochemicals.
The algal inhibition test using pure culture system with single algae or cyanobacteria species as the target has been widely used in the screening of algal inhibitory allelochemicals and revealing of allelopathic mechanism. However, algae and cyanobacteria species often coexist and interact with each other in natural water bodies. The influence of coexisting phytoplankton species on the allelopathic inhibition against target species is not clear. A typical allelochemical isolated from submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum, pyrogallol was used, harmful cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and economic green algae Haematococcus pluvialis was selected as the tested organisms, to investigate the response of each phytoplankton species to allelochemicals in the coexistence state. The mixed co-culture system and the pure culture system was set up simultaneously to compare the effects of pyrogallol on both phytoplankton species in different culture systems. The results showed that the inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of M.aeruginosa was 96.82% and 93.18%, respectively, in the pure culture system and the co-culture system, while that of H. pluvialis was significantly reduced to 29.39% and 45.40%(P<0.05), respectively. Extracellular microcystin mass concentration of M. aeruginosa in the pure culture and co-culture systems treated with pyrogallol was 3.23, 2.00 μg·L~(-1), respectively, whilst the cell quota of intracellular astaxanthin of H. pluvialis was 0.82, 1.21 pg·cell~(-1), respectively. The inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of M.aeruginosa in the co-culture system was reduced comparing with that of the pure culture systems, where the increase extent of extracellular microcystin mass concentration was significantly lower than that of the pure culture(P<0.05). However, the inhibition ratio of pyrogallol on the growth of H. pluvialis was significantly enhanced(P<0.05), and cell quota of intracellular astaxanthin was much higher in the co-culture systems compared with that of the pure culture. These preliminary results indicate the inhibitory effects of pyrogallol on M. aeruginosa is reduced while that on H. pluvialis is enhanced when they are co-existing, and it can be deduced that the co-existence of phytoplankton species can affect the inhibitory effects of allelochemicals on target algae or cyanobacteria. We should fully consider the biotic and abiotic environment of target organisms in the further research on allelopathic inhibition on phytoplankton, which will help us to figure out the ecological mechanisms of this process and ecological value of allelopathy as well as allelochemicals.
引文
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BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA M D C,CHIA M A,OLIVEIRA H S B D,et al.,2014.Allelopathic interactions between microcystin-producing and non-microcystin-producing cyanobacteria and green microalgae:implications for microcystins production[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,27(1):275-284.
BRIAND E,REUBRECH S,MONDEGUER F,et al.,2018.Chemically mediated interactions between Microcystis and Planktothrix:Impact on their physiology and metabolic profiles[J].Environmental Microbiology,DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.14490.
FERGOLA P,CERASUOLO M,POLLIO A,et al.,2007.Allelopathy and competition between Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata:Experiments and mathematical model[J].Ecological Modelling,208(2-4):205-214.
FISTAROL G O,LEGRAND C,GRANéLI E,2003.Allelopathic effect of Prymnesium parvum on a,natural plankton community[J].Marine Ecology Progress,255(8):115-125.
FU L,HUANG T,WANG S,et al.,2017.Toxicity of 13 different antibiotics towards freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and their modes of action[J].Chemosphere 168:217-222.
GAO Y N,DONG J,FU Q Q,et al.,2017.Allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton[J].Allelopathy Journal,40(1):1-22.
GIANNELLI L,YAMADA H,KATSUDA T,et al.,2015.Effects of temperature on the astaxanthin productivity and light harvesting characteristics of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,119(3):345-350.
GRANéLI E,JOHANSSON N,2003.Increase in the Production of Allelopathic Substances by Prymnesium parvum Cells Grown Under N-or P-Deficient Conditions[J].Harmful Algae,2(2):135-145.
HILT S,GHOBRIAL M G N,GROSS E M,2006.In situ allelopathic potential of Myriophyllum verticillatum(Haloragaceae)against selected phytoplankton species[J].Journal of Phycology,42(6):1189-1198.
KOBAYASHI M,KURIMURA Y,KAKIZONO T,et al.,1997.Morphological changes in the life cycle of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Fermentation&Bioengineering,84(1):94-97.
LIU Y,XU Y,WANG Z J,et al.,2016.Dominance and succession of Microcystis genotypes and morphotypes in Lake Taihu,a large and shallow freshwater lake in China[J].Environmental Pollution,219:399-408.
LU Z Y,LIU B Y,He Y,et al.,2014.Effects of daily exposure of Cyanobacterium and Chlorophyte to low-doses of Pyrogallol[J].Allelopathy journal,34(2):195-205.
LU Z Y,SHA J,TIAN Y,et al.,2017.Polyphenolic allelochemical pyrogallic acid induces caspase-3(like)-dependent programmed cell death in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Algal Research,21:148-155.
LU Z Y,ZHANG Y Y,GAO Y N,et al.,2016.Effects of pyrogallic acid on Microcystis aeruginosa:oxidative stress related toxicity[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,132:413-419.
MA J,2005.Differential sensitivity of three cyanobacterial and five green algal species to organotins and pyrethroids pesticides[J].Science of The Total Environment,341(1-3):109-17.
MULDERIJ G,MOOIJ W M,SMOLDERS A J P,et al.,2005.Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides[J].Aquatic Botany,82(4):284-296.
NAKAI S,ASAOKA S,OKUDA T,et al.,2014.Growth Inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by Allelopathic Compounds Originally Isolated from Myriophyllum spicatum:Temperature and Light Effects and Evidence of Possible Major Mechanisms[J].Journal of chemical engineering of japan,47(6):488-493.
NAKAI S,HOSOMI M,OKADA M,et al.,1996.Control of algal growth by macrophytes and macrophyte-extracted bioactive compounds[J].Water Science&Technology,34(7-8):227-235.
NAKAI S,INOUE Y,HOSOMI M,et al.1999.Growth inhibition of blue-green algae by allelopathic effects of macrophyte[J].Water Science&Technology,39(8):47-53.
PELAH D,MARTON I,WANG W,et al.,2004.Accumulation and protection activity of protease-resistant heat-stable proteins in Haematococcus pluvialis during high light and nitrogen starvation[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,16(2):153-156.
ROEGNER A F,BRENA B,GONZáLEZ-SAPIENZA G,et al.,2014.Microcystins in potable surface waters:Toxic effects and removal strategies[J].Applied Toxicology,34(5):441-457.
SHAH M M R,LIANG Y,CHENG J J,et al.,2016.Astaxanthin-Producing Green Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis:From Single Cell to High Value Commercial Products[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,7:531.
SINGLETON V L,ORTHOFER R,ROSA M,et al.,1999.Analysis of Total Phenols and Other Oxidation Substrates and Antioxidants by Means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent[J].Methods in enzymology,299:152-178.
SONG H,LAVOIE M,FAN X,et al.,2017.Allelopathic interactions of linoleic acid and nitric oxide increase the competitive ability of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].The ISME Journal,11(8):1865-1876.
VAN DE WAAL D B,VERSPAGEN J M H,FINKE J F,et al.,2011.Reversal in competitive dominance of a toxic versus non-toxic cyanobacterium in response to rising CO2[J].The ISME Journal,5:1438-1450.
WANG J,LIU Q,FENG J,et al.,2016.Effect of high-doses pyrogallol on oxidative damage,transcriptional responses and microcystins synthesis in Microcystis aeruginosa TY001(Cyanobacteria)[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,134(1):273-279.
XIAO M,LI M,REYNOLDS C S,2018.Colony formation in the cyanobacterium Microcystis[J].Biological reviews,93(3):1399-1420.
XIAO M,WILLIS A,BURFORD M A,2017.Differences in cyanobacterial strain responses to light and temperature reflect species plasticity[J].Harmful Algae,62:84-93.
常孟阳,李晨露,董静,等,2019.蓝藻水华暴发期间养殖池塘浮游藻类动态变化[J].渔业科学进展,40(1):36-45.CHANG M Y,LI C L,DONG J,et al.,2019.Dynamic changes of phytoplankton composition during cyanobacteria blooms in aquaculture ponds[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,40(1):36-45.
陈晓飞,严小军,2007.红球藻虾青素含量测定方法的探讨[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),20(4):441-445.CHEN X F,YAN X J,2007.Comparative Analysis of Quantitation of Astaxanthin in Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal Of Ningbo University(Nsee),20(4):441-445.
刘碧云,周培疆,吴振斌,等,2008.焦酚对蓝藻和绿藻生长、光合色素及微量元素的作用[J].武汉大学学报(理学版),54(6):719-724.LIU B Y,ZHOU P J,WU Z B,et al.,2008.Effects of Pyrogallol on the Growth,Photosynthetic Pigment and Microelement Contents of the Cyanobacteria and Green Algae[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Natural Science Edition),54(6):719-724.
任晓丽,陈林,刘天中,等,2018.破壁方法对雨生红球藻湿藻生物质中虾青素提取的影响[J].中国食品学报,18(12):110-117.REN X L,CHEN L,LIU T Z,et al.,2018.The Effect of Cell-wall Disruption Methods on Astaxanthin Extraction from Wet Algal Biomass of Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology,18(12):110-117.
尚敏敏,赵永腾,赵鹏,等,2017.黄腐酸对Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU虾青素积累和lcy基因表达量的影响[J].食品与生物技术学报,36(7):702-706.SHANG M M,ZHAO Y T,ZHAO P,et al.,2017.Effects of Fulvic Acid on Astaxanthin Accumulation and the Transcript Levels Expression Kinetics of lcy Gene of Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU[J].Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,36(7):702-706.
吴振斌,张甬元,刘碧云,等,2016.大型水生植物对藻类的化感作用[M].北京:科学出版社:198-216.WU Z B,ZHANG Y Y,LIU B Y,et al.,2016.Allelopathy of Aquatic Macrophytes on Phytoplankton[M].Beijing:Sccience Press:198-216.
张庭廷,韩玉珍,何宗祥,等,2016.酚酸类物质对铜绿微囊藻以及蛋白核小球藻的抑藻作用[J].卫生研究,45(3):448-457.ZHANG T T,HAN Y Z,HE Z X,et al.,2016.Joint inhibitory effects researches on Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa of phenolic acids[J].Journal of Hygiene Research,45(3):448-457.
张婷,宋立荣,2006.铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)与三种丝状蓝藻间的相互作用[J].湖泊科学,18(2):150-156.ZHANG T,SONG L R,2006.Allelopathic effect between Microcystis aeruginosa and three filamentous cyanobacteria[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,18(2):150-156.
朱枭强,2016.典型微囊藻毒素快速检测新方法的探索[D].广州:暨南大学:5-6.ZHU X Q,2016.A new method for rapid determination of typical microcystins[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University:5-6.
BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA M D C,CHIA M A,OLIVEIRA H S B D,et al.,2014.Allelopathic interactions between microcystin-producing and non-microcystin-producing cyanobacteria and green microalgae:implications for microcystins production[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,27(1):275-284.
BRIAND E,REUBRECH S,MONDEGUER F,et al.,2018.Chemically mediated interactions between Microcystis and Planktothrix:Impact on their physiology and metabolic profiles[J].Environmental Microbiology,DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.14490.
FERGOLA P,CERASUOLO M,POLLIO A,et al.,2007.Allelopathy and competition between Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata:Experiments and mathematical model[J].Ecological Modelling,208(2-4):205-214.
FISTAROL G O,LEGRAND C,GRANéLI E,2003.Allelopathic effect of Prymnesium parvum on a,natural plankton community[J].Marine Ecology Progress,255(8):115-125.
FU L,HUANG T,WANG S,et al.,2017.Toxicity of 13 different antibiotics towards freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and their modes of action[J].Chemosphere 168:217-222.
GAO Y N,DONG J,FU Q Q,et al.,2017.Allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton[J].Allelopathy Journal,40(1):1-22.
GIANNELLI L,YAMADA H,KATSUDA T,et al.,2015.Effects of temperature on the astaxanthin productivity and light harvesting characteristics of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,119(3):345-350.
GRANéLI E,JOHANSSON N,2003.Increase in the Production of Allelopathic Substances by Prymnesium parvum Cells Grown Under N-or P-Deficient Conditions[J].Harmful Algae,2(2):135-145.
HILT S,GHOBRIAL M G N,GROSS E M,2006.In situ allelopathic potential of Myriophyllum verticillatum(Haloragaceae)against selected phytoplankton species[J].Journal of Phycology,42(6):1189-1198.
KOBAYASHI M,KURIMURA Y,KAKIZONO T,et al.,1997.Morphological changes in the life cycle of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Fermentation&Bioengineering,84(1):94-97.
LIU Y,XU Y,WANG Z J,et al.,2016.Dominance and succession of Microcystis genotypes and morphotypes in Lake Taihu,a large and shallow freshwater lake in China[J].Environmental Pollution,219:399-408.
LU Z Y,LIU B Y,He Y,et al.,2014.Effects of daily exposure of Cyanobacterium and Chlorophyte to low-doses of Pyrogallol[J].Allelopathy journal,34(2):195-205.
LU Z Y,SHA J,TIAN Y,et al.,2017.Polyphenolic allelochemical pyrogallic acid induces caspase-3(like)-dependent programmed cell death in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Algal Research,21:148-155.
LU Z Y,ZHANG Y Y,GAO Y N,et al.,2016.Effects of pyrogallic acid on Microcystis aeruginosa:oxidative stress related toxicity[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,132:413-419.
MA J,2005.Differential sensitivity of three cyanobacterial and five green algal species to organotins and pyrethroids pesticides[J].Science of The Total Environment,341(1-3):109-17.
MULDERIJ G,MOOIJ W M,SMOLDERS A J P,et al.,2005.Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides[J].Aquatic Botany,82(4):284-296.
NAKAI S,ASAOKA S,OKUDA T,et al.,2014.Growth Inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by Allelopathic Compounds Originally Isolated from Myriophyllum spicatum:Temperature and Light Effects and Evidence of Possible Major Mechanisms[J].Journal of chemical engineering of japan,47(6):488-493.
NAKAI S,HOSOMI M,OKADA M,et al.,1996.Control of algal growth by macrophytes and macrophyte-extracted bioactive compounds[J].Water Science&Technology,34(7-8):227-235.
NAKAI S,INOUE Y,HOSOMI M,et al.1999.Growth inhibition of blue-green algae by allelopathic effects of macrophyte[J].Water Science&Technology,39(8):47-53.
PELAH D,MARTON I,WANG W,et al.,2004.Accumulation and protection activity of protease-resistant heat-stable proteins in Haematococcus pluvialis during high light and nitrogen starvation[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,16(2):153-156.
ROEGNER A F,BRENA B,GONZáLEZ-SAPIENZA G,et al.,2014.Microcystins in potable surface waters:Toxic effects and removal strategies[J].Applied Toxicology,34(5):441-457.
SHAH M M R,LIANG Y,CHENG J J,et al.,2016.Astaxanthin-Producing Green Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis:From Single Cell to High Value Commercial Products[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,7:531.
SINGLETON V L,ORTHOFER R,ROSA M,et al.,1999.Analysis of Total Phenols and Other Oxidation Substrates and Antioxidants by Means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent[J].Methods in enzymology,299:152-178.
SONG H,LAVOIE M,FAN X,et al.,2017.Allelopathic interactions of linoleic acid and nitric oxide increase the competitive ability of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].The ISME Journal,11(8):1865-1876.
VAN DE WAAL D B,VERSPAGEN J M H,FINKE J F,et al.,2011.Reversal in competitive dominance of a toxic versus non-toxic cyanobacterium in response to rising CO2[J].The ISME Journal,5:1438-1450.
WANG J,LIU Q,FENG J,et al.,2016.Effect of high-doses pyrogallol on oxidative damage,transcriptional responses and microcystins synthesis in Microcystis aeruginosa TY001(Cyanobacteria)[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,134(1):273-279.
XIAO M,LI M,REYNOLDS C S,2018.Colony formation in the cyanobacterium Microcystis[J].Biological reviews,93(3):1399-1420.
XIAO M,WILLIS A,BURFORD M A,2017.Differences in cyanobacterial strain responses to light and temperature reflect species plasticity[J].Harmful Algae,62:84-93.
常孟阳,李晨露,董静,等,2019.蓝藻水华暴发期间养殖池塘浮游藻类动态变化[J].渔业科学进展,40(1):36-45.CHANG M Y,LI C L,DONG J,et al.,2019.Dynamic changes of phytoplankton composition during cyanobacteria blooms in aquaculture ponds[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,40(1):36-45.
陈晓飞,严小军,2007.红球藻虾青素含量测定方法的探讨[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),20(4):441-445.CHEN X F,YAN X J,2007.Comparative Analysis of Quantitation of Astaxanthin in Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal Of Ningbo University(Nsee),20(4):441-445.
刘碧云,周培疆,吴振斌,等,2008.焦酚对蓝藻和绿藻生长、光合色素及微量元素的作用[J].武汉大学学报(理学版),54(6):719-724.LIU B Y,ZHOU P J,WU Z B,et al.,2008.Effects of Pyrogallol on the Growth,Photosynthetic Pigment and Microelement Contents of the Cyanobacteria and Green Algae[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Natural Science Edition),54(6):719-724.
任晓丽,陈林,刘天中,等,2018.破壁方法对雨生红球藻湿藻生物质中虾青素提取的影响[J].中国食品学报,18(12):110-117.REN X L,CHEN L,LIU T Z,et al.,2018.The Effect of Cell-wall Disruption Methods on Astaxanthin Extraction from Wet Algal Biomass of Haematococcus pluvialis[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology,18(12):110-117.
尚敏敏,赵永腾,赵鹏,等,2017.黄腐酸对Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU虾青素积累和lcy基因表达量的影响[J].食品与生物技术学报,36(7):702-706.SHANG M M,ZHAO Y T,ZHAO P,et al.,2017.Effects of Fulvic Acid on Astaxanthin Accumulation and the Transcript Levels Expression Kinetics of lcy Gene of Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU[J].Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,36(7):702-706.
吴振斌,张甬元,刘碧云,等,2016.大型水生植物对藻类的化感作用[M].北京:科学出版社:198-216.WU Z B,ZHANG Y Y,LIU B Y,et al.,2016.Allelopathy of Aquatic Macrophytes on Phytoplankton[M].Beijing:Sccience Press:198-216.
张庭廷,韩玉珍,何宗祥,等,2016.酚酸类物质对铜绿微囊藻以及蛋白核小球藻的抑藻作用[J].卫生研究,45(3):448-457.ZHANG T T,HAN Y Z,HE Z X,et al.,2016.Joint inhibitory effects researches on Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa of phenolic acids[J].Journal of Hygiene Research,45(3):448-457.
张婷,宋立荣,2006.铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)与三种丝状蓝藻间的相互作用[J].湖泊科学,18(2):150-156.ZHANG T,SONG L R,2006.Allelopathic effect between Microcystis aeruginosa and three filamentous cyanobacteria[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,18(2):150-156.
朱枭强,2016.典型微囊藻毒素快速检测新方法的探索[D].广州:暨南大学:5-6.ZHU X Q,2016.A new method for rapid determination of typical microcystins[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University:5-6.