“一带一路”背景下中蒙俄经济走廊生态敏感区分析
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摘要
中蒙俄经济走廊作为"一带一路"最北端的走廊,是我国进行重要经济战略对接和落实的平台,具有重大地缘战略意义。随着中蒙俄经济走廊开展的项目合作不断深化,生态环保合作显得尤为重要。基于环保信息平台,采用随机森林机器学习算法,结合中蒙俄经济走廊的国内外卫星遥感图像、保护区和植被敏感度数据,对中蒙俄经济走廊沿线100 km缓冲区开展生态敏感性分析。分析结果表明:缓冲区生态资源丰富,生态系统脆弱;湿地和保护区的分布对缓冲区项目建设具有生态限制;自然条件的制约对合作构成了一定的挑战;缓冲区土地开发利用程度存在明显差异。为更好地支持中蒙俄经济走廊建设,科学合理选线提供参考。
The China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, the most northern corridor of the "Belt and Road", serves as the platform for important economic strategies integration and implementation and is of great geo-strategic significance. As the project cooperation in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor deepens, the cooperation between ecological and environmental protection is becoming particularly essential. Based on the environmental protection information platform, a stochastic forest machine learning algorithm was used,along with the remote sensing images, protected areas, and vegetation sensitivity data from domestic and foreign satellites in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. Ecological sensitivity of the 100 km buffer zone along the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor was analyzed. The results showed that the buffer zone is rich in ecological resources and the ecosystem is fragile. The distribution of wetlands and protected areas has ecological limitations for the construction of buffer zone projects, which is relatively challenging for the further cooperation. In addition, the land using level in buffer zone varies markedly according to the analysis. To better support China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor construction, scientific and rational line selection also should be considered.
The China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, the most northern corridor of the "Belt and Road", serves as the platform for important economic strategies integration and implementation and is of great geo-strategic significance. As the project cooperation in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor deepens, the cooperation between ecological and environmental protection is becoming particularly essential. Based on the environmental protection information platform, a stochastic forest machine learning algorithm was used,along with the remote sensing images, protected areas, and vegetation sensitivity data from domestic and foreign satellites in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. Ecological sensitivity of the 100 km buffer zone along the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor was analyzed. The results showed that the buffer zone is rich in ecological resources and the ecosystem is fragile. The distribution of wetlands and protected areas has ecological limitations for the construction of buffer zone projects, which is relatively challenging for the further cooperation. In addition, the land using level in buffer zone varies markedly according to the analysis. To better support China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor construction, scientific and rational line selection also should be considered.
引文
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[3] 蔡振伟,林勇新.中蒙俄经济走廊建设面临的机遇、挑战及应对策略.北方经济,2015,(9):30- 33.
[4] Yu L,Wang J,Gong P.Improving 30 m global land-cover map FROM-GLC with time series MODIS and auxiliary data sets:a segmentation-based approach.International Journal of Remote Sensing,2013,34(16):5851- 5867.
[5] IUCN and UNEP-WCMC.The World Database on Protected Areas,Cambridge,UK:UNEP-WCMC.(2016).www.protectedplanet.net.
[6] 《中俄环境保护合作协定》.1994.
[7] 《中俄兴凯湖保护协定》.1992.
[8] 《中华人民共和国和俄罗斯联邦共和国关于合理利用和保护跨界水的合作》.2016.
[9] 《中俄野生老虎保护协议》.2013.
[10] 《中华人民共和国环境保护部和俄罗斯联邦自然资源与生态部关于建立跨界突发环境事件通报和信息交换机制的备忘录》.2008.
[11] 《中华人民共和国和蒙古共和国关于保护自然环境的合作协定》.1990.
[12] 《中蒙森林、草原防火联防协定》.1999.
[13] 《中蒙林业保护谅解备忘录》.2016.
[14] 宫阿都,方媛妍,王丽.不同国家级生态功能保护区的差异及其管理协调探析.环境保护,2014,42(12):37- 39.
[15] 侯一蕾,吴伟玲,万夏林,温亚利,刘影.基于履约视角的中国生物多样性保护障碍评价.世界林业研究,2014,27(5):91- 96.
[16] 薛达元.《生物多样性公约》下传统知识保护的国际进程.贵州社会科学,2014,(4):138- 143.
[17] 薛达元,武建勇,赵富伟.中国履行《生物多样性公约》二十年:行动、进展与展望.生物多样性,2012,20(5):612- 632.
[18] 中国—东盟环境保护合作中心.“一带一路”生态环境蓝皮书——沿线重点国家生态环境状况报告.北京:中国环境出版社,2015.
[19] 刘国斌.东北亚海上丝绸之路经济带建设研究.学习与探索,2015,(6):101- 104.
[20] 金正九.东北亚海域环境污染防治的国际合作[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[21] 敖仁其,娜琳.蒙古国生态环境及其东北亚区域合作.内蒙古财经学院学报,2010,(3):34- 37.
[22] 郭锐.国际机制视角下的东北亚环境合作.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(8):43- 48.
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[25] 欧亚经济联盟(EEU)官方网站.http://www.eurasiancommission.org/en/Pages/default.aspx.
[26] UN-HABITAT,UN ESCAP.Pro-poor Urban Climate Resilience in Asia and the Pacific.Bangkok:UN-HABITAT,UN ESCAP,2014.
[27] UN- HABITAT.UN Habitat III.[2016-07- 20].http://unhabitat.orgs.
[28] Inter-American Development Bank.Sustainable Infrastructure for Competitiveness and Inclusive Growth.Washington,D.C.:Inter-American Development Bank,2013.
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