铜绿微囊藻衰亡过程中产甲烷动态及关键影响因子
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摘要
为探究铜绿微囊藻水华自然衰亡和水华堆积区藻快速衰亡对CH_4释放的影响,构建了室内模拟实验,研究了铜绿微囊藻自然衰亡和快速衰亡过程中水环境因子和CH_4、CO_2气体释放通量的变化。结果表明:高密度铜绿微囊藻衰亡中水环境因子和产气的变化遵循相似的时间模式,且衰亡对CH_4和CO_2的产生有显著的促进作用。自然衰亡和快速衰亡的CH_4累积释放量分别为对照组的22.80倍37.72倍,CO_2累积释放量分别为对照组的5.36倍和4.03倍。自然衰亡与快速衰亡的总碳(C)释放量差异不大,但快速衰亡释放的气体组分中CH_4的占比是自然衰亡的1.86倍。相关性分析表明,溶解性有机碳(DOC)是铜绿微囊藻衰亡中影响CH_4和CO_2释放的主导因子,且DOC中的芳香蛋白类物质和溶解性微生物代谢产物是CH_4和CO_2产生的主要底物来源。
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural and rapid decay of Microcystis aeruginosa bloom on the production of CH_4,and the variations of water environmental factors as well as the release fluxes of CH_4 and CO_2 were also explored.The results indicated that the dynamics of water environmental factors and gas production during the decay of dense Microcystis aeruginosa followed a similar temporal pattern,and algal decay significantly promoted the production of CH_4 and CO_2.The CH_4 cumulative release of natural decay and rapid decay were 22.80 and 37.72 times that of control group respectively,and the CO_2 cumulative release of natural decay and rapid decay were 5.36 and 4.03 times that of control group respectively.There was little difference in total carbon(C)release between natural decay and rapid decay.However,the proportion of CH_4 in the gas released from rapid decay was 1.86 times that of natural decay.The correlation analysis revealed that dissolved organic carbon(DOC)was the dominant environmental factor affecting the release of CH_4 and CO_2.Moreover,the aromatic protein and soluble microbial metabolites of DOC were the main substrates for CH_4 and CO_2 production.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural and rapid decay of Microcystis aeruginosa bloom on the production of CH_4,and the variations of water environmental factors as well as the release fluxes of CH_4 and CO_2 were also explored.The results indicated that the dynamics of water environmental factors and gas production during the decay of dense Microcystis aeruginosa followed a similar temporal pattern,and algal decay significantly promoted the production of CH_4 and CO_2.The CH_4 cumulative release of natural decay and rapid decay were 22.80 and 37.72 times that of control group respectively,and the CO_2 cumulative release of natural decay and rapid decay were 5.36 and 4.03 times that of control group respectively.There was little difference in total carbon(C)release between natural decay and rapid decay.However,the proportion of CH_4 in the gas released from rapid decay was 1.86 times that of natural decay.The correlation analysis revealed that dissolved organic carbon(DOC)was the dominant environmental factor affecting the release of CH_4 and CO_2.Moreover,the aromatic protein and soluble microbial metabolites of DOC were the main substrates for CH_4 and CO_2 production.
引文
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[2]唐千，薛校风，王惠，等．湖泊生态系统产甲烷与甲烷氧化微生物研究进展[J]．湖泊科学，2018,30(3):597-610.TANG Q, XUE X F, WANG H,et al. New knowledge of methanogens and methanotrophs in lake ecosystems[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2018,30(3):597-610.(in Chinese)
[3]SAMAD M S,BERTILSSON S.Seasonal variation in abundance and diversity of bacterial methanotrophs in five temperate lakes[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:1-12.
[4]DEEMER B R, HARRISON J A,LI S,et al.Greenhouse gas emissions from reservoir water surfaces:A new global synthesis[J].BioScience,2016,66(11):949-964.
[5]DAVIDSON T A,AUDET J,SVENNING J C,et al.Eutrophication effects on greenhouse gas fluxes from shallow-lake mesocosms override those of climate warming[J].Global Change Biology,2015,21(12):4449-4463.
[6]SHI L M,HUANG Y X,ZHANG M,et al.Bacterial community dynamics and functional variation during the long-term decomposition of cyanobacterial blooms invitro[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,598:77-86.
[7]LEE Y,LEE B,HUR J,et al.Biodegradability of algal-derived organic matter in a large artificial lake by using stable isotope tracers[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(9):8358-8366.
[8]尚丽霞，柯凡，李文朝，等．高密度蓝藻厌氧分解过程与污染物释放实验研究[J]．湖泊科学，2013,25(1):47-54.SHANG L X,KE F,LI W C,et al.Laboratory research on the contaminants release during the anaerobic decomposition of high-density cyanobacteria[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2013,25(1):47-54.(in Chinese)
[9]朱梦圆，朱广伟，王永平，等．太湖蓝藻水华衰亡对沉积物氮、磷释放的影响[J]．环境科学，2011,32(2):409-415.ZHU M Y,ZHU G W,WANG Y P,et al.Influence of scum of algal bloom on the release of N and P from sediments of Lake Taihu[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2011,32(2):409-415.(in Chinese)
[10]吴婷婷，刘国锋，韩士群，等．蓝藻水华聚集对水葫芦生理生态的影响[J]．环境科学，2015,36(1):114-120.WU T T,LIU G F,HAN S Q,et al.Impacts of algal blooms accumulation on physiological ecology of water hyacinth[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):114-120.(in Chinese)
[11]刘丽贞，秦伯强，朱广伟，等．太湖蓝藻死亡腐烂产物对狐尾藻和水质的影响[J]．生态学报，2012(10):3154-3159.LIU L Z,QIN B Q,ZHU G W,et al.Effect of decomposition products of cyanobacteria on myriophyllum spicatum and water quality in Lake Taihu,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012(10):3154-3159.(in Chinese)
[12]WEST W E,COLOSO J J,JONES S E.Effects of algal and terrestrial carbon on methane production rates and methanogen community structure in a temperate lake sediment[J].Freshwater Biology,2012,57(5):949-955.
[13]GRASSET C,MENDONCA R,VILLAMOR S G,et al.Large but variable methane production in anoxic freshwater sediment upon addition of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2018,63(4):1488-1501.
[14]LENHART K,KLINTZSCH T,LANGER G,et al.Evidence for methane production by the marine algae Emiliania huxleyi[J].Biogeosciences,2016,13(10):3163-3174.
[15]LIANG X,ZHANG X,SUN Q,et al.The role of filamentous algae Spirogyra spp.in methane production and emissions in streams[J].Aquatic Sciences,2016,78(2):227-239.
[16]DENG X,CHENG J,HU X,et al.Biological effects of TiO2 and CeO2 nanoparticles on the growth,photosynthetic activity,and cellular components of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:87-96.
[17]SZABO S,SCHEFFER M,ROIJACKERS R,et al.Strong growth limitation of a floating plant(Lemna gibba)by the submerged macrophyte(Elodea nuttallii)under laboratory conditions[J].Freshwater Biology,2010,55(3):681-690.
[18]APARICIO F L,NIETO-CID M,CALVO E,et al.Wind-induced changes in the dynamics of fluorescent organic matter in the coastal NW Mediterranean[J].Science of The Total Environment, 2017, 609:1001-1012.
[19]CHEN W,WESTERHOFF P,LEENHEER J A,et al.Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[20]龙丽，肖尚斌，张成，等．亚热带浅水池塘水-气界面甲烷通量特征[J]．环境科学，2016(12):4552-4559.LONG L, XIAO S B, ZHANG C, et al.Characteristics of methane flux across the water-air interface in subtropical shallow ponds[J].Environmental Science,2016(12):4552-4559.(in Chinese)
[21]LONBORG C,DAVIDSON K，álvarez SALGADO X A,et al.Bioavailability and bacterial degradation rates of dissolved organic matter in a temperate coastal area during an annual cycle[J].Marine Chemistry,2009,113(3-4):219-226.
[22]田泽斌，刘德富，杨正健，等．三峡水库香溪河库湾夏季蓝藻水华成因研究[J]．中国环境科学，2012(11):2083-2089.TIAN Z B,LIU D F,YANG Z J,et al.Cyanobacterial bloom in Xiangxi Bay,Three Gorges Reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,2012(11):2083-2089.(in Chinese)
[23]罗宜富，李磊，李秋华，等．阿哈水库叶绿素a时空分布特征及其与藻类、环境因子的关系[J]．环境科学，2017(10):4151-4159.LUO Y F,LI L,LI Q H,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution of Chlorophyll a and its relationship to algae and environmental factors in Aha Reservoir[J].Environmental Science,2017(10):4151-4159.(in Chinese)
[24]姚昕，张运林，朱广伟，等．湖泊草、藻来源溶解性有机质及其微生物降解的差异[J]．环境科学学报，2014(3):688-694.YAO X,ZHANG Y L,ZHU G W,et al.Different degradation mechanism of dissolved organic matter derived from phytoplankton and macrophytes in Lake Taihu,China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2014(3):688-694.(in Chinese)
[25] HANAMACHI Y, HAMA T, YANAI T.Decomposition process of organic matter derived from freshwater phytoplankton[J].Limnology,2008,9(1):57-69.
[26]LIU C,WANG J,CAO Z,et al.Variation of dissolved organic nitrogen concentration during the ultrasonic pretreatment to Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2016,29:236-243.
[27]欧桦瑟，高乃云，郭建伟，等．氯化和UVC灭活铜绿微囊藻的机理[J]．华南理工大学学报（自然科学版），2011,39(6):100-105.OU H S,GAO N Y,GUO J W,et al.Inactivation mechanism of microcystis aeruginosa by chlorination and UVC irradiation[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,39(6):100-105.(in Chinese)
[28]古励，郭显强，丁昌龙，等．藻源型溶解性有机氮的产生及不同时期藻类有机物的特性[J]．中国环境科学，2015,35(9):2745-2753.GU L,GUO X Q,DING C L,et al.Formation of algae-derived DON and characterization of algae organic matter(AOM)from different stages[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(9):2745-2753.(in Chinese)
[29]任保卫，赵卫红，王江涛，等．胶州湾围隔实验中溶解有机物三维荧光特征[J]．环境科学，2007,28(4):712-718.REN B W,ZHAO W H,WANG J T,et al.Threedimensional fluorescence characteristic of dissolved organic matter in Marine mesocosm experiment in Jiaozhou bay, China[J]. Environmental Science,2007,28(4):712-718.(in Chinese)
[30]方晓瑜，李家宝，芮俊鹏，等．产甲烷生化代谢途径研究进展[J]．应用与环境生物学报，2015,21(1):1-9.FANG X Y,LI J B,RUI J P,et al.Research progress in biochemical pathways of methanogenesis[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2015,21(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[31]STANLEY E H,CASSON N J,CHRISTEL S T,et al.The ecology of methane in streams and rivers:patterns, controls, and global significance[J].Ecological Monographs,2016,86(2):146-171.
[32]陈韬，彭永臻，田文军，等．ORP检测在水处理中的应用[J]．中国给水排水，2003,19(5):20-22.CHEN T,PENG Y Z,TIAN W J,et al.Application of ORP measurements in water treatment[J].China Water&Wastewater,2003,19(5):20-22.(in Chinese)
[33]SCHWARZ J I K, ECKERT W,CONRAD R.Response of the methanogenic microbial community of aprofundal lake sediment(Lake Kinneret,Israel)to algal deposition[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2008,53(1):113-121.
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