政策环境、行业技术、企业能力与“四新”企业创新绩效
|
摘要
"四新"企业是新旧动能转换的重要驱动力量。提升创新能力是实施创新驱动发展战略的重要内容,是发展新工业的重要基石。为了探究我国"四新"企业创新绩效的影响因素及路径效应,基于问卷调查数据,选取113家"四新"企业作为研究样本,通过探索性因子分析提取宏观政策环境、中观行业技术特征、微观企业能力、企业创新投入、企业创新绩效五个主因子,并通过验证性因子分析,构建结构方程模型(SEM)研究"四新"企业创新绩效路径效应。结合研究结论,提出了我国"四新"企业创新绩效的提升策略。
The "Four-New" enterprises are those which have new technologies, new industries, new formats of business or new business patterns, and which are important driving forces for the transition from old to new growth drivers. Enhancing innovation capability is an important cornerstone of developing new industry and plays a momentous role in innovation-driven development. In order to explore the influencing factors and path effects of innovation performance of the "Four-New" enterprises, we selected 113 enterprises as research samples and extracted three main influencing factors(macro policy environment, medium technological level, micro-enterprise ability, enterprise innovation input, and innovation performance of enterprises) through exploratory factor analysis. And then we carried out confirmatory factor analysis and constructed the SEM model to empirically analyze the identified influencing factors. The research suggests that the policy environment, technological level and enterprise capability not only have a significant direct impact on the innovation performance of the "Four-New" enterprises, but also have an indirect influence on the innovation performance of enterprises with the innovation input as the mediator, and there is a significant positive correlation. Combined with the research conclusions, we proposed the strategy of improving the innovation performance of the Chinese "Four-New" enterprises.
The "Four-New" enterprises are those which have new technologies, new industries, new formats of business or new business patterns, and which are important driving forces for the transition from old to new growth drivers. Enhancing innovation capability is an important cornerstone of developing new industry and plays a momentous role in innovation-driven development. In order to explore the influencing factors and path effects of innovation performance of the "Four-New" enterprises, we selected 113 enterprises as research samples and extracted three main influencing factors(macro policy environment, medium technological level, micro-enterprise ability, enterprise innovation input, and innovation performance of enterprises) through exploratory factor analysis. And then we carried out confirmatory factor analysis and constructed the SEM model to empirically analyze the identified influencing factors. The research suggests that the policy environment, technological level and enterprise capability not only have a significant direct impact on the innovation performance of the "Four-New" enterprises, but also have an indirect influence on the innovation performance of enterprises with the innovation input as the mediator, and there is a significant positive correlation. Combined with the research conclusions, we proposed the strategy of improving the innovation performance of the Chinese "Four-New" enterprises.
引文
[1] 余梦秋.新常态下“四新”经济发展的现状及路径研究——以成都市为例[J].统计与管理,2017,(11):51-52.
[2] 陈劲,邱嘉铭,沈海华.技术学习对企业创新绩效的影响因素分析[J].科学学研究,2007,25(6):1223-1232.
[3] 王龙伟,任胜钢,谢恩.合作研发对企业创新绩效的影响研究——基于治理机制的调节分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(5):785-792.
[4] Berchicci L.Toward san open R&D system:Internal R&D investment,external knowledge acquisition and innovative performance[J].Research Policy,2012,42(1):1-11.
[5] 韵江,马文甲,陈丽.开放度与网络能力对创新绩效的交互影响研究[J].科研管理,2012,33(7):8-15.
[6] 蒋天颖,王峥燕,张一青.网络强度、知识转移对集群企业创新绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2013,34(8):27-34.
[7] 朱永明,李雪.制度环境、内部控制与技术创新[J].财会通讯,2018,(33):71-76.
[8] Hitt MA,Hoskisson R E,Kim H.International diversification:Effectson innovation and firm performance inproduct-diversified firms[J].Academy of Management Journal,1997,40(4):767-798.
[9] Freeman C,Soete L.The economics of industrial innovation[M].London:Pinter Publishers,1997.
[10] Hagedoorn J,Cloodt M.Measuring innovative performance:Is the rean advantage inusingmultiple indicators?[J].Research Policy,2003,32(8):1365-1379.
[11] 陈劲,刘振.开放式创新模式下技术超学习对创新绩效的影响[J].管理工程学报,2011,36(4):1-5.
[12] 马文甲,韵江.开放式创新的后现代思想解读[J].当代经济管理,2014,33(7):8-15.
[13] 李海东,王梦蕾,史寒之.CEO任期、研发投入跳跃与企业绩效的关系——来自中国上市公司的经验证据[J].技术经济,2018,37(10):55-65.
[14] Podolnyjm.Networks as the pipes and prisms of the market[J].American Journal of Sociology,2001,107(1):33-60.
[15] SHENGSB,ZHOUKZ,LIJJ.The effects of business and political ties on firm Performance:evidence from China[J].Journal of Marketing,2011,1(75):1-15.
[16] 尚洪涛,黄晓硕.政府补贴、研发投入与创新绩效的动态交互效应[J].科学学研究,2018,36(3):446-457.
[17] 周江华.政府创新政策对企业创新绩效的影响机制[J].技术经济,2017,36(1):57-65.
[18] Helpman E.Innovation,imitation and intel lectual property rights[J].Econometric,1993,61(3):1247-1280.
[19] 文豪.知识产权保护、行业异质性与技术创新[J].工业技术经济,2014,(06):131-138.
[20] 柒江艺,许和连.行业异质性、适度知识产权保护与出口技术进步[J].中国工业经济,2012,(2):79-88.
[21] 李强.技术创新、行业特征与制造业追赶绩效[J].科学学研究,2016,(2):312-321.
[22] CHENX,WUJ.Leaders' socialties,knowledge acquisition capability and firm competitive advantage[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2012,29(2):331-350.
[23] 吴晓云,张欣妍.企业能力、技术创新和价值网络合作创新与企业绩效[J].管理科学,2015,(11):12-27.
[24] 易朝辉.资源整合能力、创业导向与创业绩效的关系研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(5):757-762.
[25] 李海东,王梦蕾,史寒之.企业协同创新能力对开放式创新的影响——基于网络交互性的调节作用[J].技术经济,2018,37(10):66-72.
[26] Griliches Z.Issues in Assessing the Contribution of R&Dto Productivity Growth[J].The Bell Journal of Economics,1979,(1):92-116.
[27] 杨德伟.民营企业研发投资与企业绩效——基于深市中小板上市公司的实证研究[J].会计论坛,2011,(2):106-114.
[28] 黄珊珊,邵颖红.高管创新意识、企业创新投入与创新绩效——基于我国创业板上市公司的实证研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(02):151-157.
[2] 陈劲,邱嘉铭,沈海华.技术学习对企业创新绩效的影响因素分析[J].科学学研究,2007,25(6):1223-1232.
[3] 王龙伟,任胜钢,谢恩.合作研发对企业创新绩效的影响研究——基于治理机制的调节分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(5):785-792.
[4] Berchicci L.Toward san open R&D system:Internal R&D investment,external knowledge acquisition and innovative performance[J].Research Policy,2012,42(1):1-11.
[5] 韵江,马文甲,陈丽.开放度与网络能力对创新绩效的交互影响研究[J].科研管理,2012,33(7):8-15.
[6] 蒋天颖,王峥燕,张一青.网络强度、知识转移对集群企业创新绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2013,34(8):27-34.
[7] 朱永明,李雪.制度环境、内部控制与技术创新[J].财会通讯,2018,(33):71-76.
[8] Hitt MA,Hoskisson R E,Kim H.International diversification:Effectson innovation and firm performance inproduct-diversified firms[J].Academy of Management Journal,1997,40(4):767-798.
[9] Freeman C,Soete L.The economics of industrial innovation[M].London:Pinter Publishers,1997.
[10] Hagedoorn J,Cloodt M.Measuring innovative performance:Is the rean advantage inusingmultiple indicators?[J].Research Policy,2003,32(8):1365-1379.
[11] 陈劲,刘振.开放式创新模式下技术超学习对创新绩效的影响[J].管理工程学报,2011,36(4):1-5.
[12] 马文甲,韵江.开放式创新的后现代思想解读[J].当代经济管理,2014,33(7):8-15.
[13] 李海东,王梦蕾,史寒之.CEO任期、研发投入跳跃与企业绩效的关系——来自中国上市公司的经验证据[J].技术经济,2018,37(10):55-65.
[14] Podolnyjm.Networks as the pipes and prisms of the market[J].American Journal of Sociology,2001,107(1):33-60.
[15] SHENGSB,ZHOUKZ,LIJJ.The effects of business and political ties on firm Performance:evidence from China[J].Journal of Marketing,2011,1(75):1-15.
[16] 尚洪涛,黄晓硕.政府补贴、研发投入与创新绩效的动态交互效应[J].科学学研究,2018,36(3):446-457.
[17] 周江华.政府创新政策对企业创新绩效的影响机制[J].技术经济,2017,36(1):57-65.
[18] Helpman E.Innovation,imitation and intel lectual property rights[J].Econometric,1993,61(3):1247-1280.
[19] 文豪.知识产权保护、行业异质性与技术创新[J].工业技术经济,2014,(06):131-138.
[20] 柒江艺,许和连.行业异质性、适度知识产权保护与出口技术进步[J].中国工业经济,2012,(2):79-88.
[21] 李强.技术创新、行业特征与制造业追赶绩效[J].科学学研究,2016,(2):312-321.
[22] CHENX,WUJ.Leaders' socialties,knowledge acquisition capability and firm competitive advantage[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2012,29(2):331-350.
[23] 吴晓云,张欣妍.企业能力、技术创新和价值网络合作创新与企业绩效[J].管理科学,2015,(11):12-27.
[24] 易朝辉.资源整合能力、创业导向与创业绩效的关系研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(5):757-762.
[25] 李海东,王梦蕾,史寒之.企业协同创新能力对开放式创新的影响——基于网络交互性的调节作用[J].技术经济,2018,37(10):66-72.
[26] Griliches Z.Issues in Assessing the Contribution of R&Dto Productivity Growth[J].The Bell Journal of Economics,1979,(1):92-116.
[27] 杨德伟.民营企业研发投资与企业绩效——基于深市中小板上市公司的实证研究[J].会计论坛,2011,(2):106-114.
[28] 黄珊珊,邵颖红.高管创新意识、企业创新投入与创新绩效——基于我国创业板上市公司的实证研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(02):151-157.