放射性废水来源及其处理方法概述与评价
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摘要
随着废物最小化工作的不断深化,由于体积和放射性物质总量在放射性废物中占比较高,针对放射性废水的高效处理成为人们研究的重点。对现有放射性废水来源、处理方法做系统梳理和对比分析。同时,建立综合评价矩阵对现有方法应用情况及前景进行论述,以期为放射性废水处理相关工作提供参考。
With the development of the waste minimization, the high efficient treatment techniques for the radioactive wastewater has become the focus of research due to the volume and the total amount of radioactive substances account for a relatively high proportion of radioactive waste. In this paper, the sources and existing recovery techniques of the radioactive wastewater are systematically analyzed and compared, an evaluation matrix of the application of the existing methods are established to discuss the prospects at the same time. In order to provide a reference for the treatment of radioactive wastewater.
With the development of the waste minimization, the high efficient treatment techniques for the radioactive wastewater has become the focus of research due to the volume and the total amount of radioactive substances account for a relatively high proportion of radioactive waste. In this paper, the sources and existing recovery techniques of the radioactive wastewater are systematically analyzed and compared, an evaluation matrix of the application of the existing methods are established to discuss the prospects at the same time. In order to provide a reference for the treatment of radioactive wastewater.
引文
[1] GB 9133-1995,放射性废物的分类[S].
[2] 周书葵,娄涛,庞朝晖.放射性废水处理技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.
[3] 任俊树,牟涛,杨亚胜,等.絮凝沉淀处理含盐量较高的铀、钚低放废水[J].核化学与放射化学,2008,30 (4):201-205.
[4] 蒋扬.化学沉淀-微滤工艺处理含锶废水的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2009.
[5] 黄雅文.几种高选择性无机离子交换剂在放射性废水处理中的应用[J].辐射防护通讯,2009,29(6):16-20.
[6] 韩非,顾平,张光辉.去除放射性废水中铯的研究进展[J].工业水处理,2012,32(1):10.
[7] Chen Y W,Wang J L.The characteristics and mechanism of Co(II) removal from aqueous solution by a novel xanthate-modified magnetic chitosan[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2012,242:452-457
[8] Chen Y W,Wang J L.Removal of radionuclide Sr2+ ions from aqueous solution using synthesized magnetic chitosan beads [J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2012,242:445-451
[9] Zhang L,Zhang H,Ge Z et al.Impact of environmental conditions onthe sorption behavior of radionuclide 60Co (II) on MnO2 [J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2011,288 (2):537-546
[10] Wang M,Tao X,Song X.Effect of pH,ionic strength and temperatureon sorption characteristics of Th (IV) on oxidized multiwalledcarbon nanotubes [J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2011,288 (3):859-865
[11] Cheng J S,Du J,Zhu W.Facile synthesis of three-dimensional chitosan-graphene mesostructures for reactive black 5 removal[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,88:61-67
[12] 王建龙,陈灿.微生物还原放射性核素研究进展[J].核技术,2006,29 (4):286-290.
[13] Zhang C P,Gu P,Zhao J et al.Research on the treatment of liquid waste containing cesium by an adsorption-microfiltration process with potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,167:1057-1062
[14] Gao Y,Zhao J,Zhang G H,Zhang D,Cheng W W,Yuan G Q,Liu X J,Ma B Z,Zeng J H,Gu P.Treatment of thewaste water containing low-level 241Am using flocculation microfiltration process[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2004,40(1):183-189
[15] Buckley L,Bushart S,Efremenkov V et al.Application of membrane technologies for liquid radioactive waste processing[R].IAEA Technical Reports Series No.2004,431:0-145
[16] Zakrzewska T G,Harasimowicz M.Removal of radionuclides by membrane permeation combined with complexation[J].Desalination,2002,144:207-212
[17] Sz?ke S,Pátzay G,Weiser L.Cobalt ( III ) EDTA complex removal from aqueous alkaline borate solutions by nanofiltration[J].Desalination,2005,175:179-185
[18] 侯立安,左莉,刘晓敏,等.纳滤与离子交换组合工艺去除模拟核及生物毒剂[C].第三届同位素技术与应用学术研讨会会议文集,2005,340-336.
[19] 熊忠华,范显华,罗德礼,等.模拟放射性废水的超滤+反渗透处理工艺[J].核化学与放射化学,2008,30(3):142-145
[20] ITan L,Tapsell G.Operation of a membrane pilot plant for ansto effluent [C].WM.Tuscon,AZ,2004
[21] 陆晓峰,楼福乐,毛伟钢,等.超滤-反渗透-电渗析组合工艺处理放射性废水[J].水处理技术,1993,(1):27-31
[22] Bader M S.A hybrid liquid-phase precipiation(LPP) process in conjunction with membrane distillation (MD) for the treatment of the INEEL sodium-bearing liquid waste[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,121 (1-3),89-108
[23] 段小林,陈冰冰,李启成.真空膜蒸馏法处理含铀废水[J].核化学与放射化学,2006,28 (4):220-224
[2] 周书葵,娄涛,庞朝晖.放射性废水处理技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.
[3] 任俊树,牟涛,杨亚胜,等.絮凝沉淀处理含盐量较高的铀、钚低放废水[J].核化学与放射化学,2008,30 (4):201-205.
[4] 蒋扬.化学沉淀-微滤工艺处理含锶废水的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2009.
[5] 黄雅文.几种高选择性无机离子交换剂在放射性废水处理中的应用[J].辐射防护通讯,2009,29(6):16-20.
[6] 韩非,顾平,张光辉.去除放射性废水中铯的研究进展[J].工业水处理,2012,32(1):10.
[7] Chen Y W,Wang J L.The characteristics and mechanism of Co(II) removal from aqueous solution by a novel xanthate-modified magnetic chitosan[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2012,242:452-457
[8] Chen Y W,Wang J L.Removal of radionuclide Sr2+ ions from aqueous solution using synthesized magnetic chitosan beads [J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2012,242:445-451
[9] Zhang L,Zhang H,Ge Z et al.Impact of environmental conditions onthe sorption behavior of radionuclide 60Co (II) on MnO2 [J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2011,288 (2):537-546
[10] Wang M,Tao X,Song X.Effect of pH,ionic strength and temperatureon sorption characteristics of Th (IV) on oxidized multiwalledcarbon nanotubes [J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2011,288 (3):859-865
[11] Cheng J S,Du J,Zhu W.Facile synthesis of three-dimensional chitosan-graphene mesostructures for reactive black 5 removal[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,88:61-67
[12] 王建龙,陈灿.微生物还原放射性核素研究进展[J].核技术,2006,29 (4):286-290.
[13] Zhang C P,Gu P,Zhao J et al.Research on the treatment of liquid waste containing cesium by an adsorption-microfiltration process with potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,167:1057-1062
[14] Gao Y,Zhao J,Zhang G H,Zhang D,Cheng W W,Yuan G Q,Liu X J,Ma B Z,Zeng J H,Gu P.Treatment of thewaste water containing low-level 241Am using flocculation microfiltration process[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2004,40(1):183-189
[15] Buckley L,Bushart S,Efremenkov V et al.Application of membrane technologies for liquid radioactive waste processing[R].IAEA Technical Reports Series No.2004,431:0-145
[16] Zakrzewska T G,Harasimowicz M.Removal of radionuclides by membrane permeation combined with complexation[J].Desalination,2002,144:207-212
[17] Sz?ke S,Pátzay G,Weiser L.Cobalt ( III ) EDTA complex removal from aqueous alkaline borate solutions by nanofiltration[J].Desalination,2005,175:179-185
[18] 侯立安,左莉,刘晓敏,等.纳滤与离子交换组合工艺去除模拟核及生物毒剂[C].第三届同位素技术与应用学术研讨会会议文集,2005,340-336.
[19] 熊忠华,范显华,罗德礼,等.模拟放射性废水的超滤+反渗透处理工艺[J].核化学与放射化学,2008,30(3):142-145
[20] ITan L,Tapsell G.Operation of a membrane pilot plant for ansto effluent [C].WM.Tuscon,AZ,2004
[21] 陆晓峰,楼福乐,毛伟钢,等.超滤-反渗透-电渗析组合工艺处理放射性废水[J].水处理技术,1993,(1):27-31
[22] Bader M S.A hybrid liquid-phase precipiation(LPP) process in conjunction with membrane distillation (MD) for the treatment of the INEEL sodium-bearing liquid waste[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,121 (1-3),89-108
[23] 段小林,陈冰冰,李启成.真空膜蒸馏法处理含铀废水[J].核化学与放射化学,2006,28 (4):220-224
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