南部县环境空气质量状况与变化趋势研究
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摘要
选取2015～2018年南充市南部县空气质量监测数据进行了分析,研究了南部县近四年环境空气质量变化趋势。结果表明:南部县2015～2018年环境空气质量总共1232 d达标,达标率(优和良的天数占比)87.6%。环境空气质量首要污染物为二氧化硫(SO_2)、二氧化氮(NO_2)、可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))、臭氧(O_3)和细颗粒物(PM_(2.5)),出现天数占比分别为0.2%、4.7%、39.6%、17.3%、38.3%。环境空气污染物随季节变化而变化,其中污染最严重的为冬季。2015～2018年SO_2年均浓度、NO_2年均浓度、O_3日最大8 h第90百分位数和一氧化碳(CO)日均第95百分位数均达到二级标准限值;PM_(2.5)年均浓度均超过二级标准限值,2018年PM_(10)年均浓度达到二级标准限值;2015～2017年PM_(10)年均浓度均超过二级标准限值。南部县2015～2018年环境空气质量综合指数呈先升高后降低趋势。以期为南部县今后改善大气环境,完成环境保护目标,主要污染物减排提供参考依据。
In this paper, the change trend of environmental air quality in Nanbu County in recent four years are analyzed by using the air quality monitoring data of Nanbu County from 2015 to 2018. The results showed that The air quality reached the standard of 1232 days from 2015 to 2018 in Nanbu county, and the rate of reaching the standard was 87.6%. The sulfur dioxide(SO_2), nitrogen dioxide(NO_2), respirable particulate matter(PM_(10)), ozone(O_3) and fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) were primary pollutants, whichthe days appearing was 0.2%, 4.7%, 39.6%, 17.3%, and 38.3%, respectively. Environmental air pollutants vary with seasons, among which winter is the most serious. Both the average annual concentration of SO_2, NO_2, 90 th percentile per day and 95 th percentile per day of CO reached the second standard of national standard from 2015 to 2018. The average annual concentration of PM_(2.5) did not meet the second standard of national standard.The annual concentration of PM_(10) in 2018 was up to the second standard of national standard, and the average annual concentration of PM_(10) in 2015-2017 was not up to the second standard of national standard. From 2015 to 2018, the comprehensive index of environmental air quality in Nanbu County increased first and then decreased. This study provides a reference for Nanbu County to improve the atmospheric environment, achieve the goal of environmental protection and reduce the emission of major pollutants in the future.
In this paper, the change trend of environmental air quality in Nanbu County in recent four years are analyzed by using the air quality monitoring data of Nanbu County from 2015 to 2018. The results showed that The air quality reached the standard of 1232 days from 2015 to 2018 in Nanbu county, and the rate of reaching the standard was 87.6%. The sulfur dioxide(SO_2), nitrogen dioxide(NO_2), respirable particulate matter(PM_(10)), ozone(O_3) and fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) were primary pollutants, whichthe days appearing was 0.2%, 4.7%, 39.6%, 17.3%, and 38.3%, respectively. Environmental air pollutants vary with seasons, among which winter is the most serious. Both the average annual concentration of SO_2, NO_2, 90 th percentile per day and 95 th percentile per day of CO reached the second standard of national standard from 2015 to 2018. The average annual concentration of PM_(2.5) did not meet the second standard of national standard.The annual concentration of PM_(10) in 2018 was up to the second standard of national standard, and the average annual concentration of PM_(10) in 2015-2017 was not up to the second standard of national standard. From 2015 to 2018, the comprehensive index of environmental air quality in Nanbu County increased first and then decreased. This study provides a reference for Nanbu County to improve the atmospheric environment, achieve the goal of environmental protection and reduce the emission of major pollutants in the future.
引文
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[2]Englert N.Fine Particles and Human Health-A Review of Epidemiological Studies[J].Toxicology Letters,2004,149(1-3):235～242.
[3]Cheung H C,Wang T,Baumann K,et al.Influence of regional pollution outflow on the concentrations of fine particulate matter and visibility in the coastal area of southern China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(34):6463～6474.
[4]Kan H,Chen B.Particulate air pollution in urban areas of Shanghai,China:health-based economic assessment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2003,322(1-3):71～79.
[5]王俊宏.脑出血伴发急性肾功能损害的临床研究[D].晋中:山西医科大学,2005.
[6]何素娟.河北省主要城市大气污染形势分析与防治对策[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2017.
[7]汪靖,王德征,张晓云,等.京津冀重污染天气形成的天气气候条件分析[C]//中国气象学会.城市气象论坛—城市与环境气象.北京:中国气象学会,2014.
[8]邹军,杨柳.四川省城市环境空气质量及变化趋势[J].四川环境,2010,29(4):50～53.
[9]Mamtimin B,Meixner F X.Air pollution and meteorological processes in the growing dryland city of Urumqi (Xinjiang,China)[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(7):1277～1290.
[10]刘永祺,李大鹏,倪长健.重庆市大气污染特征及其影响因素分析[J].四川环境,2009,28(3):28～32.
[11]李立忠,朱璐,金焰,等.黄石市大气颗粒物的特征分析[J].中南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2017(4):14～16.